Salih Ozguven

Association between the presence of brown adipose tissue and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adult humans.

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 318–323

The role of active brown adipose tissue in human metabolism

PurposeThe presence of activated brown adipose tissue (ABAT) has been associated with a reduced risk of obesity in adults. We aimed to investigate whether the presence of ABAT in patients undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations was related to blood lipid profiles, liver function, and the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsWe retrospectively and prospectively analysed the 18F-FDG PET/CT scans from 5,907 consecutive patients who were referred to the Nuclear Medicine Department of the Marmara University School of Medicine from outpatient oncology clinics between July 2008 and June 2014 for a variety of diagnostic reasons. Attenuation coefficients for the liver and spleen were determined for at least five different areas. Blood samples were obtained before PET/CT to assess the blood lipid profiles and liver function.ResultsA total of 25 of the 5,907 screened individuals fulfilling the inclusion criteria for the study demonstrated brown fat tissue uptake [ABAT(+) subjects]. After adjustment for potential confounders, 75 individuals without evidence of ABAT on PET [ABAT(−) subjects] were enrolled for comparison purposes. The ABAT(+) group had lower total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate transaminase levels (p < 0.01), whereas we found no significant differences in the serum triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels between the two groups. The prevalence of NAFLD was significantly lower in ABAT(+) than in ABAT(−) subjects (p < 0.01).ConclusionOur study showed that the presence of ABAT in adults had a positive effect on their blood lipid profiles and liver function and was associated with reduced prevalence of NAFLD. Thus, our data suggest that activating brown adipose tissue may be a potential target for preventing and treating dyslipidaemia and NAFLD.

Scrotal peritoneal mesothelioma on PET/CT.

Although malignant mesothelioma originating from the tunica vaginalis has been reported in the literature, direct invasion of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma to the scrotal cavity has not been described yet. Herein, we presented a diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma extending inferiorly to the scrotum via inguinal canal detected on FDG PET/CT.

2-(fluorine-18)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography after breast conserving surgery: Correlation with molecular markers of breast cancer

Aim: To investigate the role of 2-(fluorine-18)-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) early after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in patients with breast cancer (BC) and whether we can determine which molecular biomarkers of breast carcinoma put the patients at risk. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 88 patients with histologically proven T1 or T2 BC, who were treated with BCS and underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT study. The correlation between biological markers (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2], and Ki-67) of the primary tumor and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings was analyzed. Results: 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated the presence of BC disease (locoregional disease [LRD], distant metastases, or contralateral BC) in 26 of 88 patients (29.5%). Regarding immunohistochemical profiles, BC expressing high levels of Ki-67 were associated with an increased percentage of LRD, which was the major recurrence pattern on 18F-FDG PET/CT. Although the BC disease was observed more commonly in patients with HER2 positivity compared to those of HER2 negative, the difference did not reach statistical significance. The patients with T2 tumor or a higher histopathological grade had a higher percentage of BC disease. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that patients with early stage BC treated with BCS have a remarkable risk of the presence of BC even early after surgery, and there was a clinically important relationship between 18F-FDG PET/CT findings and biological markers of BC. These findings suggest that high-risk molecular biomarkers (Ki-67, HER2) can be taken into account in the decision-making the process for both preoperative imaging and planning of the surgical approach.

Mesenteric metastases of purely myxoid liposarcoma: An unusual behavior of primary tumor depicted on fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography

A 48-year-old male patient with purely myxoid liposarcoma was referred to fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (FDG PET/CT) for restaging. FDG PET/CT images showed a hypodense well-defined intermuscular mass with mild FDG uptake in the right gluteal region. In addition, multiple mild hypermetabolic masses that had similar characteristics with the aforementioned lesion were also revealed in the mesenteric region of abdomen and pelvis.

Clinical Impact of Preoperative Sentinel Lymph Node Imaging With SPECT/CT in the Management of Interscapular Malignant Melanoma.

A 31-year-old male patient with a biopsy-proven cutaneous malignant melanoma located in the interscapular area was referred to lymphoscintigraphy for preoperative sentinel lymph node mapping. Anterior and posterior planar images showed 3 hot spots suggesting left axillary sentinel nodes. Herein, we reported the contribution of preoperative SPECT/CT-guided sentinel lymph node excision on accurate staging, management, prognostic evaluation, and determination of the proper surgical positioning preoperatively.

Invasive urothelial carcinoma detected in bladder diverticulum with FDG PET/CT: A rare case with negative cystoscopy

A 66-year-old male patient with painless gross hematuria was admitted to the urology outpatient clinic. Urinary tract ultrasonography was performed and it did not reveal any pathology. Sequential cystoscopy was also normal. A necrotic LAP (8 cm in diameter) adjacent to the urinary bladder was reported in abdominopelvic CT scan. The patient was referred to FDG PET/CT because of his high clinical suspicion of malignancy and to detect

Marked uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose in a vocal cord after medialization: Acute and subacute positron emission tomography/computed tomography findings.

A 60-year-old male who underwent left upper lobectomy because of recently diagnosed lung cancer was admitted to the nuclear medicine department. A whole body fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) that was performed for staging purposes, revealed an intense hypermetabolism in left vocal cord region corresponding with hyperdense mass-like material on CT scan.

Graves Hastalığı Tedavisinde Sabit 10 mCi ve 15 mCi İyot-131 Dozlarının Karşılaştırılması: 11 Yıllık Tecrübe

Amac: Sabit doz Iyot-131 (RAI) tedavisi, karmasik hesaplamalara ihtiyac duymayan basit ancak etkin bir secenektir. Bu calismada, Graves hastaliginda sabit 10 ve 15 mCi ile RAI tedavisi sonuclari karsilastirildi. Hastalar ve Yontem: 1997-2008 tarihleri arasinda sabit 10 mCi (n:48) ve sabit 15 mCi (n:9) RAI tedavisi almis ve en az 2 yil takip edilmis 55 hastanin takip dosyalari incelenerek basarili (otiroidi, hipotiroidi) ve basarisiz (persiste hipertiroidi) tedavi oranlari ile sonuclara etkili olabilecek parametreler analiz edildi. Bulgular: 10 mCi alan grupta tedavi basari orani %87 (otiroidi %9.1, hipotiroidi %78.2) olarak bulunurken, 15 mCi alan grupta bu deger %100 (hipotiroidi) olarak bulundu. Her iki grup arasinda, kullanilan ortalama propylthiouracil dozu disinda (10 mCi: 190 mg, 15 mCi: 350 mg, p<0.05) anlamli fark izlenmedi. Sonuc: Sabit 10 ve 15 mCi RAI doz uygulamalarinin her ikisi de Graves hastaliginin tedavisinde basarili sonuc vermistir. Sabit 10 mCi verilen hastalarda dusuk oranda da olsa persistan hipertiroidizm izlenebilmektedir Anahtar Kelimeler: Graves hastaligi, Tedavi, Sabit doz, Iyot-131