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Dive into the research topics where Salih Zoroglu is active.

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Featured researches published by Salih Zoroglu.


Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences | 2013

Prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders in referred adolescents with Internet addiction

Hasan Bozkurt; Murat Coskun; Hamza Ayaydin; İbrahim Adak; Salih Zoroglu

To investigate prevalence and patterns of psychiatric disorders in young subjects with Internet addiction (IA).


Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology | 2009

Efficacy and Safety of Fluoxetine in Preschool Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Murat Coskun; Salih Zoroglu

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in preschool children. METHOD Six preschool children (age range 40-61 months; mean 51.5 +/- 8.8 months) with severe, distressing symptoms of OCD were treated with an initial 5 mg/day oral dose of fluoxetine by mouth. Baseline and end-point symptom severity was assessed using the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scale. The data for this study were collected by reviewing medical records of the subjects. RESULTS CGI-S baseline scores were 6-7 (mean 6.66 +/- 0.5) and end-point scores were 3-7 (mean 4 +/- 1.54). The Wilcoxon nonparametric paired t-test revealed a significant difference between baseline and end-point CGI-S scores (Z = -2.121; p = 0.034). The range of fluoxetine dosage was 5-15 mg/day (mean 10 +/- 3.16). Fluoxetine was effective in treating OCD in this sample. Four subjects showed much and 1 subject showed very much improvement in OCD symptoms. One subject, who discontinued medication after 4 weeks due to side effects, did not show any improvement with 5 mg/day fluoxetine. Two subjects developed significant symptoms of behavioral disinhibition (SBD) that required dose reduction and addition of 0.25-0.5 mg/day risperidone in 1 subject and discontinuation of medication in the second subject. Side effects were mild to moderate in severity and did not require medication discontinuation or dosage reduction in the remaining three subjects. One subject did not report any side effects. Overall the most frequently reported side effects were SBD, decreased appetite and weight loss (n = 3; range: 0-1200 grams; mean, 466 +/- 546.5 grams), sleep disturbance, headache, and abdominal pain. CONCLUSIONS Fluoxetine may be effective in the treatment of OCD in preschool children. However side effects, particularly SBD, remain an important concern.


Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health | 2012

Phenomenology, psychiatric comorbidity and family history in referred preschool children with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Murat Coskun; Salih Zoroglu; Mücahit Öztürk

ObjectiveThe study aimed to investigate phenomenology, psychiatric comorbidity, and family history of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in a clinical sample of normally developing preschool children with OCD.MethodSubjects in this study were recruited from a clinical sample of preschool children (under 72 months of age) who were referred to a university clinic. Subjects with a normal developmental history and significant impairment related to OCD symptoms were included in the study. Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale was used to assess OCD symptoms. Each subject was assessed for comorbid DSM-IV psychiatric disorders using a semi-structured interview. Parents were evaluated for lifetime history of OCD in individual sessions.ResultsFifteen boys and ten girls (age range: 28 to 69 months; 54.12±9.08 months) were included. Mean age of onset of OCD was 35.64±13.42 months. All subjects received at least one comorbid diagnosis. The most frequent comorbid disorders were non-OCD anxiety disorders (n=17; 68.0%), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n=15; 60.0%), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (n=12; 48.0%), and tic disorders (n=6; 24.0%). Mean number of comorbid disorders was 3.65 and 2.35 for boys and girls, respectively. At least one parent received lifetime OCD diagnosis in 68 percent of the subjects.ConclusionsThe results indicated that OCD in referred preschool children is more common in males, highly comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, and associated with high rates of family history of OCD. Given the high rates of comorbidity and family history, OCD should be considered in referred preschool children with disruptive behavior disorders and/or with family history of OCD.


Archives of Suicide Research | 2012

Suicide Rates among Turkish and American Youth: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

Murat Coskun; Salih Zoroglu; Neera Ghaziuddin

This study compares youth (<24 years) suicide rates in Turkey and the United States; a demographic and cross-cultural comparison and exploration of possible causative factors. Publicly available data were compared for children, adolescents, and young adults for years 1992–2004. The mean general population suicide rate in Turkey (per 100,000) was, male = 3.53 and female = 2.31 (for the US, males = 18.37, females = 4.31); for ages below 15 years the rate was, males = 0.28 and females = 0.39 (for the US, males = 1.09 and females = 0.38); while for aged 15–24 years the rate was, males = 4.58 and females = 5.22 (for the US, males = 18.84 and females = 3.36). The patterns for Turkey are: (a) Female youth had a higher suicide rate than male youth; this was the reverse of the U.S. pattern, (b) Youth suicide increased during the time period in Turkey, whereas it was relatively stable in the US, (c) However, suicide rates in Turkey were generally lower than the US, (d) Fifty percent of all female suicide victims in Turkey were under the age of 24 years (versus 11% in the US). Possible psychosocial causative factors may include (a) negative social status of females (forced marriage, young marriage age, low literacy, honor killings); (b) substantial rural to urban migration which disrupts ties and exposes migrants to a less traditional cultural system; (c) shortage of mental health services; (d) and possibly, reduced religious education enrollment may be an additional factor.


Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology | 2009

A Report of Two Cases of Sexual Side Effects with OROS Methylphenidate

Murat Coskun; Salih Zoroglu

Hypersexual behaviors or increased sexual arousal have been reported during stimulant treatment (Bartlik et al. 1995; Bilgic et al. 2007) or with stimulant abuse (Koblin et al. 2007; Volkow et al. 2007). In children and adolescents, there have been just two reports of methylphenidate (MPH)-related excessive masturbation and hypersexual behaviors in a 7year-old girl (Bilgic et al. 2007) and stuttering priapism associated with withdrawal from OROS MPH in a 15-year-old boy with attention-deficit=hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Schwartz and Rushton 2004). In both reports, symptoms were dose dependent and they emerged or disappeared within a few days following administration or discontinuation of MPH. In addition, it has been reported that stimulant treatment may increase hypersexual behaviors in individuals with Kleine–Levin syndrome (Arnulf et al. 2005). On the other hand, Weissenberger et al. (2001) reported a 5-year-old boy with ADHD and familial male precocious puberty whose hypersexual behaviors were treated successfully with MPH. In addition, it has been reported that stimulant augmentation during treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in men with paraphilias and paraphilia-related disorders was related to decreases in hypersexual behaviors (Kafka and Hennen 2000). The presence of various reports with different results may raise questions about the sexual effects of MPH. Here we present 2 young subjects with ADHD who developed multiple erections with or without hypersexual behaviors during OROS MPH (Concerta) treatment. We will discuss the clinical picture of those cases as well as to review the sexual effects of stimulants and possible psychopathological mechanisms of stimulant-related hypersexual behaviors and erections.


Journal of Trauma & Dissociation | 2002

Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Child Dissociative Checklist

Salih Zoroglu; Ümran Tüzün; Mücahit Öztürk; Vedat Sar

Abstract Objective: This paper investigated the psychometric characteristics of the Turkish Version of the Child Dissociative Checklist (CDC). Method: The CDC was translated by the authors and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. It was administered to a sample consisting of 9 DID, 28 DDNOS, 35 anxiety disorder, 22 mood disorder, 22 ADHD, and 88 non-psychiatric comparison children and adolescents (N = 204, age range 6-17 years). Parents or caretakers completed the measure at the hospital for patient groups. Controls were recruited through school. A 5-month test-retest was performed on a mixed patient and control group (N = 34). Results: The test-retest coefficient was 0.59. The split-half was 0.85. For the whole sample (N = 204), Cronbachs alpha coefficient was 0.89. Spearman rank-order correlations were calculated between each item and item-corrected score totals and were all significant at p < 0.001 except for item 17. A Kruskal-Wallis comparison across the different groups with pair-wise comparisons was highly significant. The median score of CDC was 25.0 in DID, 16.5 in DDNOS, 4.0 in anxiety disorder, 5.0 in mood disorder, 5.5 in ADHD groups and 2.0 in non-clinical controls. Conclusion: This paper establishes the validity and reliability of the Turkish translation of the CDC as well as providing cross-cultural documentation of significant dissociation occurring in children and adolescents in Turkey.


Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology | 2009

OROS methylphenidate-induced skin eruptions.

Murat Coskun; Mustafa Deniz Tutkunkardas; Salih Zoroglu

The subject is an 8-year-old boy who presented with his mother due to typical symptoms of ADHD. He was given a diagnosis of ADHD combined type with normal intellectual capacity. His prenatal, postnatal, and early developmental history was unremarkable. He had a generalized tonic–clonic seizure at 3 years of age, but has been seizure free since then. He had been on valproate 150– 250 mg=day treatment between 3 and 4 years of age. However because his control electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed abnormality, he was restarted with valproate 400 mg=day for the last 3 months. He has no known drug or food allergies so far. He has never been treated with any psychopharmacological agent except for the previous and current antiepileptic treatments. No dermatologic reactions or eruptions have been reported with valproate. He first started IR MPH at 10–20 mg=day. He generally tolerated IR MPH well with some level of decreased appetite but without significant change in his weight. He did not report any SE with IR MPH. He was in school all day and reported forgetting to take his medication sometimes. Therefore, although his ADHD symptoms showed moderate improvement on IR MPH 20 mg=day, we switched to OROS MPH 18 mg=day treatment after 2 months. He then presented in an emergency department due to emergence of maculopapular pruritic SE on his neck, arms, and legs 1 week after starting OROS MPH treatment. The mother was recommended to stop the medication. We saw him again after 1 week of a medication-free period. He had multiple scabby skin lesions, particularly on his legs, arms, and neck. He reported that they were extremely pruritic, and he scratched them until they bled and scarred over. A general pediatric and dermatological consultation revealed no significant cause to explain these eruptions. Meanwhile, neurology switched his antiepileptic medication from valproate to gabapentine 300 mg=day. He was reviewed after 5 weeks of a medication-free period; his skin lesions almost were healed, although leaving some visible scars. His ADHD symptoms continued and the mother consented to readminister OROS MPH 18 mg=day. However, he developed the same SE at the ninth day of OROS MPH treatment with the same severity. The mother and child denied eating any unusual food, taking other medication rather than OROS MPH and gabapentine, or being exposed any allergic environment during that time. A dermatologist designated these SE as maculopapular. He did not have mucosal lesions or constitutional symptoms suggestive of Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) or more severe toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN). We discontinued medication and skin lesions abated within the next several weeks. We interpreted these SE as an unusual adverse event related with OROS MPH treatment. Subsequently we restarted IR MPH 10–20 mg=day. He did not develop any SE while he was on IR MPH 20 mg=day during the next 4 months. However, his previous skin lesions persisted in that they left some amount of visible scarring (Fig. 1).


Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences | 2015

High psychiatric comorbidity in adolescents with dissociative disorders

Hasan Bozkurt; Tuba Mutluer; Cigdem Kose; Salih Zoroglu

The aim of this study was to evaluate psychiatric comorbidity rates and patterns in a sample of clinically referred adolescents diagnosed with dissociative disorders (DD) by using a structured interview.


Psychiatry Investigation | 2017

Self-Injury and Suicide Attempt in Relation with Trauma and Dissociation among Adolescents with Dissociative and Non-Dissociative Disorders

Filiz Kılıç; Murat Coskun; Hasan Bozkurt; Ilyas Kaya; Salih Zoroglu

Objective To explore the role of trauma and dissociation over self-injurious behaviors (SIB) and suicide attempts (SA) in adolescents. Methods A total of 207 adolescents participated in the study. After conducting diagnostic interview, participants were divided into five groups as subjects with dissociative disorders (DD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (AD), and a control group (CG) without any psychiatric disorder. ADHD, MDD and AD groups were considered as non-dissociative disorders (non-DD group) in the present study. Results There is no significant difference between groups in terms of number and age of the subjects (p>0.05). Among all participants SIB was reported in 32.2% of females (n=37) and 25% of males (n=23) while SA was reported in 29.6% of females (n=34) and 4.4% of males (n=4). Adolescents with DD were found to experience higher rates of SIB and SA than the other groups. Dissociation was the most important variable contributing to SIB and female gender was the most efficient variable for SA. Total trauma scores were also found to be significantly higher in DD group followed by non-DD and CG respectively. Conclusion SIB and SA are complex behavioral problems which may be associated with many psychiatric factors. However higher level dissociation seems as an important mediating factor, even regardless of psychiatric diagnosis, in the development of SIB and SA. More research is needed to further explore the factors effective over SIB and SA in adolescents.


Psychiatry Investigation | 2018

An Investigation of SDF1/CXCR4 Gene Polymorphisms in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Family-Based Study

Tayfun Kara; İsmail Akaltun; Bedia Cakmakoglu; Ilyas Kaya; Salih Zoroglu

Objective Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have a complex pathophysiology including genetic, inflammatory and neurodevelopmental components. We aim to investigate the relationship between ASD and gene polymorphisms of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4), which may affect inflammatory and neurodevelopmental processes. Methods 101 children diagnosed with ASD aged 2–18 and their biological parents were included in the study. All participants were assessed using an information form and the Children were assessed using Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). SDF-1 G801→A and CXCR4 C13→T polymorphisms were detected by genetic techniques. The results were evaluated using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and haplotype relative risk (HRR). Results Following TDT evaluation for CXCR4, the assumption of equality was not rejected (χ2=1.385, p=0.239). HRR for the C allele was 1.037 [HRR (95%CI)=0.937 (0.450–2.387), χ2=0.007, p=0.933] and HRR for the T allele was 0.965 [HRR (95%CI)=0.965 (0.419– 2.221), χ2=1.219, p=0.270], but the findings were statistically insignificant. Based on TDT evaluation for SDF1, the assumption of equality cannot be rejected (χ2=0, p=0.999). HRR for the A allele was 0.701 [HRR (95%CI)=0.701 (0.372–1.319), χ2=1.219, p=0.270] and HRR for the G allele was 1.427 [HRR (95%CI)=1.427 (0.758–2.686), χ2=1.219, p=0.270], but the findings were statistically insignificant. Conclusion The genetic screening of blood samples from mother, father and child trios could not show a significant association between SDF1/CXCR4 genes and ASD on the basis of TDT and HRR tests. More extensive genetic studies are now needed to investigate the relationship between SDF1/CXCR4 gene polymorphisms and ASD.

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Hasan Bozkurt

Gaziosmanpaşa University

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