Salim Hima

Trajectory Tracking for Highly Automated Passenger Vehicles

In this paper, the design of the longitudinal and lateral controller for dynamic trajectory tracking is presented. The main objective is to follow the planned trajectories generated by a co-pilot module in the safe way despite the presence of vehicle model uncertainties and also to guarantee a passenger comfort by generating soft actions on the steering wheel and accelerations. A primary experimental implementation on the vehicle test prototype is presented.

Mechatronics, Design, and Modeling of a Motorcycle Riding Simulator

This paper describes a new motorcycle riding simulator whose purpose is twofold: 1) it can be used as a training tool for new riders in different scenarios, such as a normal traffic environments or in dangerous riding situations (avoidance, emergency braking, nearly failing or slipping situations, and bad weather conditions) and 2) it can be used to study motor cyclist behavior in such situations and rider-motorcycle interaction. Our studies have led to the development of an original five DOF mechanical platform including double haptic feedback on the handlebar. The remaining components are the basic movements consisting of pitch, roll, and yaw. These components are gathered in a parallel kinematics-type platform to enhance the movement bandwidth of the two-wheeled riding simulator. Despite its simplicity, the particular appeal of this simulator lies in the possibility of reproducing important motorcycle movements and inertial effects, which allow for the perception of sensations close to reality. The motivation behind the choice of platform movements and system actuation are described. Also, theoretical issues (modeling, identification, and control aspects) and performance results are provided.

Design and Modeling of a New Motorcycle Riding Simulator

This paper presents the various stages for the construction of a two wheeled riding simulator. Despite its simplicity, the particularity of this simulator comes from the possibility to reproduce most of the movements and the inertial effects allowing to perceive sensations close to reality cases. This simulator has been developed for two purposes: ldr as a training tool for new riders with different scenarios: normal traffic environment, dangerous riding situations (avoidance, emergency braking, nearly failling or slipping situations, bad weather conditions, etc.) ldr to study riders behaviours in such situations Our studies have lead to an original 5 degrees of freedom (DOF) mechanical platform including a double haptic feedback on the handlebar. The three basic movements are classical and consist of pitch, roll and yaw one. The choices of the platform movements and the system actuation are motivated and described. Also, some performances results are shown validating the initial requirements.

Controller design for trajectory tracking of autonomous passenger vehicles

This paper presents controllers design procedure for dynamic trajectory tracking of a highly automated vehicle. The main objective is to follow the planned trajectories generated by a co-pilot module in the safe way despite the presence of vehicle model uncertainties and also to guarantee a passenger comfort by generating soft actions on the steering wheel and accelerations. A decoupled design approach of longitudinal and lateral controller is adopted. For the longitudinal controller, a proportional including a feedforward terms is adopted. On the other hand, an adaptive backstepping approach is used in lateral case to deal with model nonlinearities and parameter uncertainties. The developed controller is integrated and tested in simulation environment. Performance of this controller are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers.

From Design to Experiments of a 2-DOF Vehicle Driving Simulator

Driving simulators are increasingly being used for driver evaluation and/or education. In this paper, we describe the design and the modeling aspects of a 2-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) low-cost motion platform allowing the rendering of the longitudinal and yaw movements. This prototype will be used to study various configurations of motion rendering and the impact of these variants on controllability and simulator sickness. The whole motion platform is considered as two coupled systems that are linked mechanically. The first system consists of a motorized rail for the longitudinal movement, which is mounted on top of the second system, which is a motorized turret allowing rotation of the platform. We present the platform mechanics and a number of experimental studies that have been carried out to obtain a characterization of the platform capabilities and frequency responses, as well as to assess platform performance in a classical drive operation. First conclusions and directions of future work are presented.

Suitable Two Wheeled Vehicle Dynamics Synthesis for Interactive Motorcycle Simulator

This paper describes a modelling technique for deriving the motorcycles equation of motion. Based on the recursive Newton-Euler approach adapted to tree structure with floating base multibody systems, the derived model presents a low number of arithmetic operations, and hence, is suitable for implementation into a two wheeled vehicles simulator and other model based real-time application. The synthesized model takes in consideration the main forces and moments affecting the behavior of the motorcycle such as: pneumatic, aerodynamic, suspensions, contact constraints and control inputs.

Motorcycle Dynamic Model Synthesis for Two Wheeled Driving Simulator

This paper presents the development of motorcycle dynamics model. The considered vehicle contains six bodies linked with simple joints and parametrised by 11 degrees of freedom (DOF). The motorcycle model is to be used as a component in driving simulator application. It serves to investigate the influence of using a complete motorcycle dynamics model in inertial cues realism. The choice of the modeling method is based on the algorithmic Lagrange equation representation. This method makes the implementation of the dynamic model very easy. In addition, the principal external forces affecting the motorcycle behavior are considered (pneumatic forces, driver actions, brakes ... etc). At the end of this article, some simulation results are presented in the case of street line motion.

Robust Second Order Sliding mode Observer for the Estimation of the Vehicle States

This paper is dedicated to the observation of non measurable variables for automotive systems. A non linear observer, based on a sliding mode approach, is presented for the estimation of the dynamic states of the vehicle. The considered technique is applied to the estimation problem for an automated vehicle following. Both the simulation and the experimental results are addressed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the sliding mode observer for different maneuvers, in terms of performances and robustness.

A New Motorcycle Simulator Platform: Mechatronics Design, Dynamics Modeling and Control

Abstract This paper gives a global dynamic analysis of a two wheeled riding simulator that we have built and instrumented for the study of drivers behavior. These studies concern drive situations in normal urban scenario as well as dangerous driving situations such as skidding. The justification of the choice of the platform movements for a good feeling is discussed. Different models for inverse kinematics and dynamics are updated (with new hypotheses) for the Low-level control to ensure an efficient trajectories tracking. For this last point, we have proposed a simple scheme of PD controller, using the inverse dynamics of the platform. The results illustrate the good behavior of the platform and support its use in closed-loop with the driver in the simulation loop.