Salvatore D. Morgera

A Survey of Intrusion Detection Systems in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networking is one of the most promising technologies that have applications ranging from health care to tactical military. Although Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have appealing features (e.g., low installation cost, unattended network operation), due to the lack of a physical line of defense (i.e., there are no gateways or switches to monitor the information flow), the security of such networks is a big concern, especially for the applications where confidentiality has prime importance. Therefore, in order to operate WSNs in a secure way, any kind of intrusions should be detected before attackers can harm the network (i.e., sensor nodes) and/or information destination (i.e., data sink or base station). In this article, a survey of the state-of-the-art in Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) that are proposed for WSNs is presented. Firstly, detailed information about IDSs is provided. Secondly, a brief survey of IDSs proposed for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) is presented and applicability of those systems to WSNs are discussed. Thirdly, IDSs proposed for WSNs are presented. This is followed by the analysis and comparison of each scheme along with their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, guidelines on IDSs that are potentially applicable to WSNs are provided. Our survey is concluded by highlighting open research issues in the field.

Fair energy-efficient resource allocation in wireless sensor networks over fading TDMA channels

In this paper we consider the energy-efficient resource allocation that minimizes a general cost function of average user powers for small- or medium-scale wireless sensor networks, where the simple time-division multiple-access (TDMA) is adopted as the multiple access scheme. A class of so-called ß-fair cost functions is derived to balance the tradeoff between efficiency and fairness in energy-efficient designs. Based on such cost functions, optimal channel-adaptive resource allocation schemes are developed for both single-hop and multihop TDMA sensor networks. Relying on stochastic optimization tools, we further develop stochastic resource allocation schemes which are capable of dynamically learning the intended wireless channels and converging to the optimal benchmark without a priori knowledge of channel fading distribution function.

Analysis of the Actions of Nucleus Reuniens and the Entorhinal Cortex on EEG and Evoked Population Behavior of the Hippocampus

Although the hippocampal theta rhythm is thought to be linked to memory processes, its mechanism of action is unknown. Furthermore, the hippocampus forms strong connections with a functionally similar structure, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The midline thalamus appears to be an intermediate between these two structures. We recorded neurons of a midline nucleus (nucleus reuniens, RE) during theta and non-theta states. Additionally, we recorded hippocampal CA1 population responses to RE stimulation. RE cell firing patterns are classified as (i) spike rate response to stimulation (ii) determination of bursting events (iii) coherence estimation between hippocampal EEG and RE response to stimulation (within the theta frequency band of 5 - 12 Hz). The present data suggests an increase in RE spike rate due to tail pinch elicited theta activity, with no evidence of bursting activity and a weak coherence within the theta band. Furthermore, we evaluated evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in the hippocampal CA1 to RE stimulation, as well as entorhinal cortex (EC) stimulation. We demonstrated a consistent reduction in evoked potential (EP) latency at CA1 to RE and EC stimulation during theta compared to non-theta states.

Development of an undergraduate course - Internet-based instrumentation and control

In this paper, the objective, strategy and implementation details of a new undergraduate course, Internet-based instrumentation and control, are presented. The course has a companion laboratory that is supported by the National Science Foundation. It is offered to senior-level undergraduate engineering students who are interested in sensing, instrumentation, control and Web programming and want to learn more about the integration of these technologies for solving real-world engineering problems. It will also be offered to gifted high school seniors as a vehicle to attract them to engineering disciplines. Preliminary assessment of the first offering of the course is encouraging and has shown that the course has achieved success in helping students to understand concepts and master basic technologies for developing Internet-based automatic systems.

Multi-resolution pyramidal Gabor-eigenface algorithm for face recognition

This paper describes a multi-resolution pyramidal Gabor-eigenface (PGE) algorithm for face recognition. The PGE algorithm employs the eigenface method on the desirable Gabor facial features, which derive from the multi-resolution pyramidal Gabor wavelet (PGW) transform of face images in the spatial domain directly without a Fourier implementation. The use of eigenface method further reduces the redundancy of the images from PGW. The feasibility of the PGE algorithm has been successfully tested on face recognition using AT&T (formally Olivetti) face databases, which contain 400 face images of 40 subjects with variation in poses, facial expression, different viewing direction, and disguises. The effectiveness of the PGE algorithm is shown in terms of better accuracy, faster computational speed and much less computer memory amount.

Performance evaluation of flexible TDD switching in 3GPP LTE system

LTE TDD has received increasing attention in the next-generation wireless networks, due to its ability of dynamic allocations for uplink and downlink spectrums. In this paper, we evaluate the system performance with a simple flexible TDD switching scheme by system level simulation. The scheme considers switching among three different TDD configuration structures, based on the empty/non-empty buffer conditions of uplink and downlink data traffic, in order to allocate radio resources more efficiently. The system performance is evaluated with a system level simulator, under the practical parameter settings in 3GPP LTE system. The numerical results show that there are certain gains in terms of throughput for both uplink and downlink by the proposed flexible TDD switching scheme, compare with fixed TDD.

Delay-Throughput Trade-Off with Opportunistic Relaying in Wireless Networks

In this paper, we study the delay/throughput trade-off with opportunistic relaying over channels with random connections, in which the channel connections are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.). Previous work~\cite{CA:07} which proposed an opportunistic relaying scheme has focused on the throughput analysis only, we show that the opportunistic relaying scheme provides an upper bound of

A method towards biometric feature fusion

O(n)

Throughput and delay analysis in Aeronautical Data Networks

delay, including full effects of queueing in the network model. In addition, we use the redundant scheduling algorithm to reduce the upper bound of delay scaling to

Incorporating Retransmission in Quality-of-Service Guaranteed Multiuser Scheduling Over Wireless Links

O(n/\sqrt{\log n})