Salvatore J. Desalva

Mast cell response to cestode infection.

Summary Mast cells have been found in the cyst wall of a larval cestode parasite (Hydatigena taeniaeformis). The mast cells were present in the outer 2 layers of the cyst wall. This indicates that the entire cyst wall is of host-inflammatory origin and not derived from parasite tissue nor solely from modified host-liver cells. It is suggested that detection of mast cells as host-mesenchymal cellular units may aid in determining origins of cysts produced by other parasites.

Lethal effects of antibiotics in hamsters

Abstract The lethal effects of erythromycin glucoheptonate, tetracycline, penicillin G potassium, streptomycin sulfate, and a carbomycin-like antibiotic (CC 10232) were determined in hamsters. It was observed that the broad-spectrum antibiotic, tetracycline, was less toxic than those which were effective primarily against gram-positive bacteria. In acclimatization studies, begun with 1 10 the acute LD50 level and progressively increased every 2 weeks by doubling, the hamsters were able to consume daily more than 3 times the LD50 level at the end of 3 months. After a 5-month acclimatization study, CC 10232 was consumed daily at about 50 times the acute oral LD50. These findings suggest that the lethality of antibiotics in hamsters may be related to changes in the survival of intestinal bacteria.

Safety Substantiation of Soap and Detergent Products

AbstractSafety substantiation of soap and detergent products has been reviewed. The article indicates the roles of federal regulatory agencies, trade associations, and the soap and detergent industry in substantiating the safety of soap and detergent products. Furthermore, a distinction is made between the safety substantiation of ingredients and products. A strategy to substantiate the safety of finished products is also presented.

Potassium Concentration in the Small Intestine of Guinea Pigs

Summary 1. Tissue potassium concentration in the small intestine of the guinea pig differs appreciably along the length of the tract. 2. The escape of potassium from isolate strips is a function of the available tissue potassium.

“Myocardial” Action and Standard Unitage (U.S.P. XIV) of Cardiac Glycosides.∗

Summary The ratio between standard pigeon unitage and dose required to abolish the staircase obtained by decreasing the frequency of electric stimulation on the isolated frog heart has been established for ten cardiac glycosides. The latter method, although it reveals a specific physiological characteristic independent of standard unitage, cannot be directly correlated with clinical effectiveness.