Samuel C. Bukantz

THE BALANCE BETWEEN CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE AND ANTIBODY IN RELATION TO THE PROGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA

Excerpt INTRODUCTION The antigen-antibody balance in pneumococcal pneumonia was first reported by Blake,1who employed the methods of detection described by Dochez and Avery.2, 3Blake1studied 19 cas...

Detection of Free Polysaccharide in Blood of Pneumococcic Pneumonia Patients; Prognosis and Therapy

Conclusions The occurrence of free polysaccharide in the blood of pneumonic patients is not uncommon. Its presence is generally indicative of a severe infection, with usually fatal outcome. It would appear that sulfapyridine alone may be ineffective in the control of those pneumococcic infections which are accompanied by the production of sufficient polysaccharide to reach relatively high concentrations in the blood stream, but that it may be effective in such instances if it is combined with the administration of sufficient type-specific antibody. The observations reported suggest that sulfa-pyridine alone may control pneumococcic infections provided there is not too much antigen present in the blood, and some specific antibody is produced.

Microbes and Morals: The Strange Story of Venereal Disease

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When To Hospitalize the Patient with Asthma

Loss of response to epinephrine and related sympathomimetic drugs may produce a life-threatening emergency that dictates immediate hospitalization. Dr. Bukantz describes the warning signals of impending crisis and details the measures available to help the patient overcome his respiratory insufficiency. Once the emergency is past, etiologic studies may be undertaken outside the hospital.

Occurrence of Precipitation Zones in Mixtures of Serum and Sodium Desoxycholate; Significance in Pneumococcolysis.

Summary Turbidity and flocculation developed in 2% horse serum broth containing concentrations of sodium desoxycholate between 1.2 and 2.4 mg per ml at a pH of 7.3 and cleared on the addition of an excess of sodium desoxycholate. Apparent failures of lysis of serum broth cultures of pneumococci were due to the occurrence of such turbidity because no bacteria were found in these mixtures.

Relation Between Growth of Pneumococcus III and Concentration of Capsular Polysaccharide Appearing in Culture Filtrates.

Summary The concentration of capsular polysaccharide appearing in blood-broth culture filtrates following the growth of a highly virulent, standardized strain of Pneumococcus III, was determined photronreflectometrically and correlated with the growth rate of the organism. An initial inoculum of 165 organisms per ml yielded a very small quantity of polysaccharide (0.5 mg %). An inoculum of 9,000 organisms per ml yielded 18 mg % of capsular polysaccharide in 48 hours. The greatest increases in concentration of polysaccharide occurred in two stages after the completion of the logarithmic phase of growth.

Quantitative Determination of Pneumococcal Capsular Polysac-charide by Photronreflectometric Titration of Precipitation with Excess Antibody.

Summary A standard solution of antipneumococcal rabbit antibody type III was titrated with varying dilutions of capsular polysaccharide, in the zone of antibody excess. Photronreflectometric readings were made after 20 minutes of incubation at 37°C and a standard curve made. Unknown concentrations of SSS can be determined by identical titrations of varying dilutions with reference to the standard curve, provided a single system is utilized.