Sandra Catalina Ochoa Marín

Vulnerabilidade ao adoecimento de crianças com hiv/aids em transição da infância para a adolescência

OBJECTIVE: To identify situations of vulnerability to sickening of patients with HIV/AIDS during the transition from childhood to adolescence. METHODS: Qualitative research with thematic content analysis of a database of interviews held with 11 subjects from 12 to 14 years old, infected by vertical transmission and with diagnosis disclosure. RESULTS: On the individual level, the following were observed: knowing the diagnosis and not being able to talk about it; a negative reaction to the diagnosis; taking on the responsibility for self-care; and, difficulties in taking the medications. On the social plane: orphanhood and/or the falling-ill of a family member; telling other people of the diagnosis; the need for help to remember to take the medication; and, dating and beginning a sex life. CONCLUSION: The importance is highlighted of a multidisciplinary team which has been trained to meet this populations specific health needs, so as to promote autonomy in self-care and social integration.

Benefits and challenges of a nursing service-learning partnership with a community of internally-displaced persons in Colombia

Service-learning partnerships between nursing programs and health care settings in vulnerable communities may be challenging to initiate, but can offer multiple benefits for students, faculty, and the community served. The aim of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore the benefits and challenges of establishing a service-learning partnership between a university nursing program and an isolated community of internally-displaced persons in Medellin, Colombia. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 nursing professors and nine students who participated in the service-learning partnership. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Main benefits identified were: learning about the social determinants of health, development of compassion, appreciation for the community nursing role, professional growth and development, community engagement and increased access to care for community members. Challenges related to the service-learning experience included feelings of moral distress, lack of value for community nursing, and conflict with traditional biomedical approaches to care. Several threats to program sustainability were also identified. Professors and students offered several recommendations for program improvement, including interdisciplinary collaboration, documentation and dissemination of the service-learning experience, increased community autonomy and capacity for self-care, and curricular changes to enhance recognition of the importance of community nursing.

Preparing for post-discharge care of premature infants: Experiences of parents

OBJECTIVES The study sought to describe the experiences of parents of premature children regarding discharge from the neonatal unit. METHODS This was a qualitative study, in which 10 semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of premature infants upon discharge from the neonatal unit. Data were analyzed following principles of grounded theory; open and axial coding was performed. RESULTS The following categories emerged from the analysis of the information: feelings experienced upon discharge, and experience of the discharge as a process; the latter category clearly identified barriers and facilitators. The results highlight that the parents experience ambivalent feelings; joy is mixed with the fear of caring for a premature child at home. CONCLUSIONS For parents, discharge of premature children from the neonatal unit is a complex process during which conflicting feelings are experienced. Nursing must develop strategies to involve parents early in the care of their children during the hospital stay.

VULNERABILITY TO SICKENING OF CHILDREN WITH HIV/AIDS IN TRANSITION FROM CHILDHOOD TO ADOLESCENCE

OBJECTIVE: To identify situations of vulnerability to sickening of patients with HIV/AIDS during the transition from childhood to adolescence. METHODS: Qualitative research with thematic content analysis of a database of interviews held with 11 subjects from 12 to 14 years old, infected by vertical transmission and with diagnosis disclosure. RESULTS: On the individual level, the following were observed: knowing the diagnosis and not being able to talk about it; a negative reaction to the diagnosis; taking on the responsibility for self-care; and, difficulties in taking the medications. On the social plane: orphanhood and/or the falling-ill of a family member; telling other people of the diagnosis; the need for help to remember to take the medication; and, dating and beginning a sex life. CONCLUSION: The importance is highlighted of a multidisciplinary team which has been trained to meet this populations specific health needs, so as to promote autonomy in self-care and social integration.

Vulnerabilidad frente a la enfermedad de niños con vih/sida en transición de la niñez para la adolescencia

OBJECTIVE: To identify situations of vulnerability to sickening of patients with HIV/AIDS during the transition from childhood to adolescence. METHODS: Qualitative research with thematic content analysis of a database of interviews held with 11 subjects from 12 to 14 years old, infected by vertical transmission and with diagnosis disclosure. RESULTS: On the individual level, the following were observed: knowing the diagnosis and not being able to talk about it; a negative reaction to the diagnosis; taking on the responsibility for self-care; and, difficulties in taking the medications. On the social plane: orphanhood and/or the falling-ill of a family member; telling other people of the diagnosis; the need for help to remember to take the medication; and, dating and beginning a sex life. CONCLUSION: The importance is highlighted of a multidisciplinary team which has been trained to meet this populations specific health needs, so as to promote autonomy in self-care and social integration.

Salud sexual y reproductiva en hombres

Objetivo Analizar las publicaciones cientificas sobre salud sexual y reproductiva de los hombres en Colombia en las dos ultimas decadas y determinar los principales hallazgos sobre el conocimiento del tema en nuestro pais. Metodologia Se realizo una revision sistematica, sobre publicaciones cientificas de la salud sexual y reproductiva de los hombres en Colombia, en diferentes bases de datos internacionales. Los criterios de inclusion fueron investigaciones en hombres heterosexuales o en hombres y mujeres entre 1990 y 2010, en idioma ingles y espanol. Resultados La salud sexual se ha abordado predominantemente de manera cuantitativa y recientemente de manera cualitativa. De 32 articulos analizados, solo 4 (12,5 %) rescataron la voz masculina; La mayoria se oriento hacia la poblacion joven, estudiantes de colegios y universidades en quienes se exploraron conocimiento, percepcion, comportamientos y conductas de riesgo frente a la salud sexual y reproductiva; no se encontraron articulos que indagaran la salud sexual de los adultos mayores, solo 1 articulo exploro aspectos relacionados con la disfuncion erectil y ninguno hizo enfasis aspectos culturales de alguna region. Conclusiones Los estudios sobre salud sexual desde la perspectiva masculina fueron pocos; las politicas y servicios de salud, centran su atencion en las necesidades de la mujer, situacion que limita la participacion y la identificacion de las necesidades de los hombres frente a esta problematica.La inclusion de la diversidad cultural y de genero, especialmente de la perspectiva masculina, constituye un reto para el diseno integral de Programas y Servicios de Salud Sexual y Reproductiva en Colombia.Objetivo Analizar las publicaciones cientificas sobre salud sexual y reproductiva de los hombres en Colombia en las dos ultimas decadas y determinar los principales hallazgos sobre el conocimiento del tema en nuestro pais. Metodologia Se realizo una revision sistematica , sobre publicaciones cientificas de la salud sexual y reproductiva de los hombres en Colombia, en diferentes bases de datos internacionales. Los criterios de inclusion fueron investigaciones en hombres heterosexuales o en hombres y mujeres entre 1990 y 2010, en idioma ingles y espanol. Resultados La salud sexual se ha abordado predominantemente de manera cuantitativa y recientemente de manera cualitativa. De 32 articulos analizados, solo 4 (12,5 %) rescataron la voz masculina; La mayoria se oriento hacia la poblacion joven, estudiantes de colegios y universidades en quienes se exploraron conocimiento, percepcion, comportamientos y conductas de riesgo frente a la salud sexual y reproductiva; no se encontraron articulos que indagaran la salud sexual de los adultos mayores, solo 1 articulo exploro aspectos relacionados con la disfuncion erectil y ninguno hizo enfasis aspectos culturales de alguna region. Conclusiones Los estudios sobre salud sexual desde la perspectiva masculina fueron pocos; las politicas y servicios de salud, centran su atencion en las necesidades de la mujer, situacion que limita la participacion y la identificacion de las necesidades de los hombres frente a esta problematica.La inclusion de la diversidad cultural y de genero, especialmente de la perspectiva masculina, constituye un reto para el diseno integral de Programas y Servicios de Salud Sexual y Reproductiva en Colombia.