Sandro Parrinello

3D Survey Systems and Digital Simulations for Structural Monitoring of Rooms at the Uffizi Museum in Florence

This article presents research activities conducted on several rooms as part of the extension project of the Grandi Uffizi Museum in Florence (Italy). The research addresses survey methods for monitoring the static performance and evaluating the structural plastic deformations of vaulted systems and architectural elements, mostly subjected to structural reinforcements. In order to achieve positive results, the most appropriate 2D and 3D graphic representation methods have been identified, to enable the realization of detailed, technical documents. Laser scanner survey activities have been executed along with photo-modeling and extensive photographic documentation, crucial for the operations of photogrammetry and photomapping reconstructions. Post-production and data processing steps have produced substantial documentation of graphic materials through the development of floor plans, detailed measurements of series of sections, photomap reconstructions and 3D simulations. The thrust of the innovative research deals with the development of 3D computational models by implementing and refining reverse engineering processes for the simulating the static performance and plastic deformations that overlap the various stages of each investigation. These monitoring techniques have made it possible to determine the effect of the consolidation interventions operated, through a progressive implementation of the point cloud. The opportunity to follow the construction site from 2010 until now has contributed significantly to the enhancement and refinement of these detection and representation techniques, enabling the development of new operational methods with higher metric reliability to support the activities that such a sophisticated construction site as the Grandi Uffizi in Florence represents.

A Development Project for the United Nations. The Digital Survey for the Planning of East Jerusalem

In December 2016 it was presented by the Joint Laboratory LS3D of Dicar - Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, the project “Productivity and Urban Renewal Programme in East Jerusalem (PURE)” promoted by United Nations. The project, developed in a year of activities and research carried out by the laboratory of Pavia in collaboration with University of Florence, has produced a three-dimensional database for the protection of historical heritage and a project for the architectural renovation of the complex system of buildings on the streets of Salah Eddin and Sultan Suleiman, adjacent to the walls of the historic city of Jerusalem. The project, funded by the European Union and by the Islamic Development Bank has covered, in addition to the measurement of a portion of the city and the monumental cemetery of Bab Azhar, a census of all the infrastructures, commercial activities and an analysis on the structural condition of buildings. The result is a virtual platform from which to assess the development of the historic city and through which give life to the city of the future.

Databases and complexity. Remote use of the data in the virtual space of reliable 3D models

With the advent of digital technology, communication has undergone radical transformation processes. The large amount of information that surrounds us with sociological, cultural and economic aspects, have changed the relationship between the perceiver and the context. The perceiver takes part of space, surrounding it, finding new ways to understand it and new ar-chive systems of the information he may acquire. Through digital survey and the use of skilled software, the elements and the relationships of the contemporaneity become networked and accessible to the public. The database in which all the data acquired is collected, permits an extraction of useful information for the orientation in space. This possibility allows the under-standing of the relationship between elements and an ever-growing conscious approach to the project. Through digitization, the virtual environment can be preserved. This paper describes an innovative methodology that links the complexity of the databases (for the management of ur-ban and architectural systems) with representation systems and three-dimensional space archives. Some experimental researches conducted explain ways in which one can create virtual databases. These instruments can become narrative path systems where the user can find and interface with the elements of space, in a more conscious, critical and structured approach.

The complex of San Lorenzo del Chagres in Panama: historical development and survey project for the documentation of the Caribbean fortress

The aim of this research project was the documentation of the San Lorenzo del Chagres fort using integrated survey instruments: thanks to a total station and a camera has been possible to take pictures aiming at virtually modelling the whole building and its architectural elements present in the site. The methodology of structure from motion allows to obtain a reliable geometric model of each part, starting from a sequence of pictures, in witch is integrated the quality of materic aspect given from the texture. Therefore, San Lorenzo del Chagres fort is a case study for new frontier of the representation: starting from a 3D model, acquired through a fast survey, it is possible to obtain each information about the state of preservation of the building with a digital database of the walls, according to the policy of conservation, monitoring and enhancement of that UNESCO cultural heritage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2015.2015.1771