Sang-Bock Lee

Short communication: Retinoic acid plus prolactin to synergistically increase specific casein gene expression in MAC-T cells

Mammary alveolar (MAC-T) cells, an established bovine mammary epithelial cell line, are frequently used to investigate differentiation. A lactogenic phenotype in these cells is induced by treatment with a combination of hydrocortisone, insulin, and prolactin (PRL). The effect of the vitamin A derivative retinoic acid (RA), which induces differentiation in many cells, has not been studied in MAC-T cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differentiation potential of RA (1 μM) in MAC-T cells and to examine the effect of combined treatment with RA (1 μM) and PRL (5 μg/mL). Although RA treatment alone inhibited MAC-T cell proliferation, co-treatment of RA with PRL increased cell growth compared with the control group (treated with 1 μg/mL hydrocortisone and 5 μg/mL insulin). The ratio of Bcl to Bax mRNA was decreased in the RA treatment compared with RA+PRL or control. Retinoic acid-induced differentiation of MAC-T cells was associated with an increase in the mRNA expression of αS1-casein (3.9-fold), αS2-casein (4.5-fold), and β-casein (4.4-fold) compared with the control group. Expression of αS1-casein, αS2-casein, and β-casein was increased 12.9-fold, 11.9-fold, and 19.3-fold, respectively, following treatment with RA and PRL combined compared with the control group. These results demonstrate that RA induces differentiation of MAC-T cells and acts synergistically with PRL to increase specific casein gene expression.

Analysis of physical activities in Taekwondo Pumsae

Exercise is very important element for successful aging. Among many sports events, Korea is the suzerain of Taekwondo. When competing (Taekwondo Free Fighting) after learning Poomse as basic movements and inuring them, people compete with movements depending on situation. Among Poomses of Taekwondo, Taegeuk Poomse consists of very basic movements from 1 Jang to 8 Jang and they are for inuring to body. In order to prescribe Taegeuk Jang, which is the basic movement of Taekwondo that Korea is the suzerain, as an exercise for successful aging, it is necessary to analyze physical activity level of each Taegeuk Jang (From 1 Jang through 8 Jang) and suggest the same. Therefore, in this study, I analyzed physical activity level of each Jang of Taegeuk Poomse by attaching Armband made by Body Media Company on brachia and legs below knee of Taekwondo trainees. The result of the analysis of the whole momentum from Taegeuk 1 Jang to 8 Jang is as follows: First, the average absolute value of acceleration variation of vertical direction signal (L-MAD): 5.15. Second, the average absolute value of acceleration variation of horizontal direction signal (T-MAD): 3.44. Finally, the average of calorie consumption per minute (AEE/Min): 5.06 Cal. The obtained result corresponds to proper exercise condition for successful aging and it can be utilized as data for exercise prescription for the young and the old.

Suggestion for Good Manufacturing Practice of Radiopharmaceuticals

This study suggests considerations for legislation of radiopharmaceutical manufacturing practice according as the Korea Pharmaceutical Affairs Act and guidelines on foreign radiopharmaceutical manufacturing practice. Pharmaceuticals should be verified safety, effectiveness, and uniformity. Therefore, it is expected that the efficiency of the administration of radiopharmaceuticals increase and nations health promote if rational manufacturing management to consider of radiopharmaceutical properties is legislated.

Energy Consumption of Taekwondo Practitioners due to a Thigh Muscle Extracted by CT Scan

Despite the suzerain of Korea Taekwondo physical activity and a corresponding lack of basic research on energy consumption and the status of this research is urgent. In this study, the sensor (SenseWear (R) PRO2 Armband), using physical activity were obtained in Taekwondo, and body composition data were obtained by Inbody 520, We were thigh scan using CT scanner and thigh muscle area by CT scan data were acquired. Result of analysis, average thigh muscle area of experimenter 8 people was 132.79 , Of 20 cm above the patella thigh was a 178.79 . Thigh circumference and muscle area showed that the correlation. The average energy consumption per minute was 6.94 calories, and thigh muscle area and average energy consumption per minute also showed that correlation.

3-D Surface Rendering of Myocardial SPECT Images Segmented by Level Set Technique

SPECT(single photon emission computed tomography) myocardial imaging is a diagnosis technique that images the region of interest and examines any change induced by disease using a computer after injects intravenously a radiopharmaceutical drug emitting gamma ray and the drug has dispersed evenly in the heart . Myocardial perfusion imaging, which contains functional information, is useful for non–invasive diagnosis of myocardial disease but noises caused by physical factors and low resolution give difficulty in reading the images. In order to help reading myocardial images, this study proposed a method that segments myocardial images and reconstructs the segmented region into a 3D image. To resolve difficulty in reading, we segmented the left ventricle, the region of interest, using a level set and modeled the segmented region into a 3D image.

Thermal Characteristics Analysis of Power Device for Motor Driving Power Converter

In this paper, the basic behavior of the environment and the driving time as a prediction of the lifetime of the power semiconductor devices were recorded. Radiator of a power device driving time and temperature operating environment, including cumulative record by the controller of the power converter, and doing it so you can see the power semiconductor devices for the life of the structure that the size of the change in the temperature of the semiconductor chip and the number of iterations to maintenance warranty period because of a lifetime by forecasting or replacement can be made at the appropriate time that is considered.

3D Reconstruction Using Segmentation of Myocardial SPECT

Myocardial imaging in SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed tomography) scan of the gamma-ray emitting radiopharmaceuticals to patients after intravenous radiopharmaceuticals evenly spread in the heart region of interest by recording changes in the disease caused by a computer using the PSA test is to diagnose. Containing information on the functional myocardial perfusion imaging is a useful way to examine non-invasive heart disease, but the argument by noise and low resolution of the physical landscape that is difficult to give. For this paper, the level of myocardial imaging by using the three algorithms to split the video into 3-D implementation of the partitioned area to help you read the proposed plan. To solve the difficulty of reading level, interest in using the sheet set, partitioned area of the left ventricle was ranked the partitioned area was modeled as a 3-D images.

Human Motion Recognition using Fuzzy Inference System

The technology of distinguishing human motion states is required in the areas of measuring and analyzing biosignals changing according to physical activities, diagnosing sleep disorder, screening the effect of treatment, examining chronic patients` kinetic state, prescribing exercise therapy, etc. The present study implemented a fuzzy inference system based on fuzzy rules that distinguish human motion states (tying, sitting, walking, and running) by acquiring and processing data of LAA, TAA, L-MAD, and T-MAD using ADXL202AE of Analog Devices embedded in an armband. The membership degree and fuzzy rules in each area of input (LAA, TAA, L-MAD, and T-MAD) and output (tying, sitting, walking, and running) data used here were determined using numeric data obtained from experiment. In the results of analyzing data for simulation generated in order of tyingwalkingrunningtying, the sorting rate for motion states tying, sitting, walking, and running was 100% for each motion.