Sanjeev Gangwar

Asymmetric syntheses of 3-amino-2-methylpentanoic acids. Configurations of the β-amino acid in majusculamide C, 57-normajusculamide C and dolastatins 11 and 12

Abstract The first synthesis of 3-amino-2-methylpentanoic acids is reported. Comparison of the synthetic 2 R ,3 S and 2 R ,3 S acids with 3-amino-2-methylpentanoic acid obtained by degradation of the antifungal depsipeptide majusculamide C indicates that majusculamide C, 57-normajusculamide C, and the antitumor agents dolastatins 11 and 12 have the 2 S ,3 R configurations at the chiral centers in their β-amino acid component.

Streamlined Total Synthesis of Uncialamycin and Its Application to the Synthesis of Designed Analogues for Biological Investigations

From the enediyne class of antitumor antibiotics, uncialamycin is among the rarest and most potent, yet one of the structurally simpler, making it attractive for chemical synthesis and potential applications in biology and medicine. In this article we describe a streamlined and practical enantioselective total synthesis of uncialamycin that is amenable to the synthesis of novel analogues and renders the natural product readily available for biological and drug development studies. Starting from hydroxy- or methoxyisatin, the synthesis features a Noyori enantioselective reduction, a Yamaguchi acetylide-pyridinium coupling, a stereoselective acetylide-aldehyde cyclization, and a newly developed annulation reaction that allows efficient coupling of a cyanophthalide and a p-methoxy semiquinone aminal to forge the anthraquinone moiety of the molecule. Overall, the developed streamlined synthesis proceeds in 22 linear steps (14 chromatographic separations) and 11% overall yield. The developed synthetic strategies and technologies were applied to the synthesis of a series of designed uncialamycin analogues equipped with suitable functional groups for conjugation to antibodies and other delivery systems. Biological evaluation of a select number of these analogues led to the identification of compounds with low picomolar potencies against certain cancer cell lines. These compounds and others like them may serve as powerful payloads for the development of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) intended for personalized targeted cancer therapy.