Sanjeev Mittal

Dental unit waterline management: historical perspectives and current trends.

Interest in and concern about the biofilms that occur in dental waterlines have been increasing in recent years. Dental unit waterlines harbor considerable amounts of bacteria that are derived from the biofilm on the inner surface of these lines. This continuous reservoir of bacteria carries the potential of causing infection to patients and dental workers. The majority of dental procedures require the use of water for cooling instruments, irrigation, and oral rinsing, so it is extremely important that the water used in oral procedures is of a high quality. The present study illustrates the conditions in waterline tubing that favor development of biofilms, and discusses the level of risk that such microbial growth poses for both dental professionals and their patients. The different methods to circumvent this problem are reviewed, and the recent recommendations that should be adopted in the dental clinic to provide the patients with water of acceptable microbiological standards are discussed.

Effect of denture wearing on occurrence of fungal isolates in the oral cavity: A pilot study.

Objectives: An attempt was made to evaluate effect of denture wearing on occurrence of fungal isolates in the oral cavity before and after complete denture insertion. Method: Twenty five completely edentulous patients were selected; swab samples were collected intraorally before fabrication of complete dentures from labial vestibular area and after complete denture fabrication (one and four days after denture insertion). Further these samples were inoculated and incubated. Results: In nineteen patients no isolate of fungus before denture insertion as well as 4 days after denture insertion was found. In two subject results were false positive (contamination from environment), and in four patients there was increase in growth but not much significant increase of growth of fungal isolates was seen (mild growth of fungus only after denture insertion). One of the major finding of this study was overall occurrence of fungal isolates (before and after denture insertion) in the oral cavity were not significant. Key words:Fungal isolates, denture stomatitis, denture, Candida, insertion.

Status of chest X-ray in diagnosing right ventricular infarction

Right ventricular enlargement on left anterior oblique view at 60 degrees had low sensitivity (58.8%) but very high specificity (100 %) for diagnosing right ventricular infarction. Right ventricular and right atrial enlargement on other views had very low sensitivity (16.7-26.7%) but high specificity (80-90%). Thus chest X-ray in left anterior oblique view at 60% is useful in detecting right ventricular infarction when clinical examination and electrocardiogram are inconclusive.

Resin-bonded Bridge: Conservative Treatment Option for Single ToothReplacement

Resin-Bonded Fixed Partial Dentures (RBFPD) was introduced to dentistry around 40 years ago. The typical design of resin-bonded fixed partial denture is characterized by conservation of tooth structure of abutment compared to fixed treatment. This article presents a case report of a patient who reported with missing maxillary central incisor. Multiple treatment options are available for replacement of missing tooth. Use of conventional fixed partial denture in such a situation is criticized because modern dental practice revolves around the principle of preservation of tooth structure. So in such cases resin bonded fixed partial denture is best treatment option.

Effectiveness of different denture cleansing methods on removal of biofilms formed in vivo

Background: Denture plaque has been shown to be responsible for a variety of soft tissue changes in many denture wearers. Proper routine cleaning of tissue surface of denture is essential to maintain healthy supporting tissue. Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different denture cleansing methods i.e., mechanical, chemical and combination method, in removal of plaque from the tissue surface of the denture. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 maxillary dentures in healthy edentulous patients were cleaned randomly with either denture brush, denture cleansing tablet, vinegar, denture cleansing tablet followed by brushing and vinegar followed by brushing. At the test session, every denture with 48 hours accumulated plaque on the tissue surface, was disclosed with a two-tone plaque disclosing agent before and after cleaning the denture and the accumulated plaque was scored according to plaque index. Results: The mean difference of the pre- and postcleansing plaque score was statistically significant ( P < 0.001) for all treatment methods. The plaque removing effectiveness was found to be significantly greater with combination method followed by mechanical and chemical methods. Vinegar was shown to be least efficacious as a denture cleanser. Conclusion: Results of present study suggests that combination of brushing and alkaline peroxides should be encouraged to ensure efficient cleansing of dentures.

Tensile Bond Strength of Self Adhesive Resin Cement After Various Surface Treatment of Enamel.

INTRODUCTION In self adhesive resin cements adhesion is achieved to dental surface without surface pre-treatment, and requires only single step application. This makes the luting procedure less technique-sensitive and decreases postoperative sensitivity. AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate bond strength of self adhesive resin after surface treatment of enamel for bonding base metal alloy. MATERIALS AND METHODS On the labial surface of 64 central incisor rectangular base metal block of dimension 6 mm length, 5mm width and 1 mm height was cemented with RelyX U200 and Maxcem Elite self adhesive cements with and without surface treatment of enamel. Surface treatment of enamel was application of etchant, one step bonding agent and both. Tensile bond strength of specimen was measured with universal testing machine at a cross head speed of 1mm/min. RESULTS Least tensile bond strength (MPa) was in control group i.e. 1.33 (0.32) & 1.59 (0.299), Highest bond strength observed when enamel treated with both etchant and bonding agent i.e. 2.72 (0.43) & 2.97 (0.19) for Relyx U200 and Elite cement. When alone etchant and bonding agent were applied alone bond strength is 2.19 (0.18) & 2.24 (0.47) for Relyx U200, and 2.38 (0.27) 2.49 (0.16) for Max-cem elite. Mean bond strength was higher in case of Max-cem Elite as compared to RelyX U200 resin cement, although differences were non-significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Surface treatment of enamel increases the bond strength of self adhesive resin cement.

Esthetic Reconstruction of Partially Edentulous Maxilla with Traumatic Gingival Hyperplasia: A Clinical Report

The pathogenesis of gingival overgrowth is uncertain and the treatment is still largely limited to the maintenance of an improved level of oral hygiene and surgical removal of the overgrown tissue. This case report describes the interdisciplinary approach to restore function and esthetics of an edentulous area with gingival overgrowth in the premaxilla region. The periodontal treatment plan included oral hygiene instructions, mechanical debridement and gingivectomy procedures. Coordinated prosthetic, endodontic and periodontal treatments with careful consideration of patient’s expectations and requests were critical for a successful outcome and patient satisfaction. Team approach in the evaluation and treatment planning is necessary to improve the esthetic and functional outcomes in patients with localized gingival hyperplasia in esthetic zones. Therefore the importance of the preprosthetic surgical and endodontic interventions is emphasized.

Comparative evaluation of fluid absorbancy of retraction cords of different thickness after various medicament immersions

Purpose: To evaluate fluid absorbancy of retraction cords of different thickness after various medicament immersions. Materials and Methods: Ultrapak retraction cords of three different thicknesses (No. 000, 00, 0) with identical lengths (25 mm) were used. They were immersed in two different medicaments (25% aluminum chloride and saturated alum) for 20 min. Two different immersion fluids (artificial saliva and human plasma) were compared for fluid absorbancy. The capability of the cords to absorb fluids was measured by a gravimetric method. The data were analyzed by F test analysis and P Results: Regardless of the medicament used and immersion fluid, a relationship existed between cord thickness and the amount of fluid absorbed. There was a significant difference in the fluid absorbancy of all the three groups ( P P Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that fluid absorbancy increased in linear proportion to the increase in thickness of the retraction cord. Ultrapak (#0) when treated with alum showed most favorable results. All the cords absorbed artificial saliva more than plasma irrespective of cord thickness and medicament used.

Cardiac pulsations in patients with isolated right ventricular infarction

The effect of right ventricular infarction on carepigastrium in six cases of echocardiographically disc pulsations is not known [l]. One year ago we documented isolated right ventricular infarction. observed left parasternal pulsations in a case of Three cases had isolated infarction of right venisolated infarction of the right ventricular anterior tricular anterior wall extending to involve the right wall [2]. Since then we have recorded pulsations ventricular apex. All had sustained and bifid over cardiac apex, left parasternal region and apical impulse with mild left parasternal lift and