Sapna Vinit Amin

Pyoderma Gangrenosum in Two Successive Pregnancies Complicating Caesarean Wound

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare ulcerative cutaneous disorder with tendency to recur in the injured area. Though most of the time is associated with chronic systemic conditions, it can occur in isolation and can be a diagnostic dilemma. The aetiology is poorly understood. The diagnosis is based on clinical features and excluding other causes of skin ulcers, as it does not have characteristic histopathology or laboratory findings. Lesions can develop after surgery, after trauma or de novo. We are reporting a 32-year-old pregnant lady with two previous instances of pyoderma gangrenosum in the previous pregnancy, who in postoperative period following caesarean section developed the same condition for the third time. She responded well to local wound care, oral Prednisolone, and Dapsone and made a good recovery. Pregnancy being an immunologically altered status can play a role in development of pyoderma gangrenosum and one should always rule out its possibility when there is a delayed wound healing.

Quantifying Proteinuria in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Background. Progressive proteinuria indicates worsening of the condition in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and hence its quantification guides clinician in decision making and treatment planning. Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of spot dipstick analysis and urinary protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) in hypertensive disease of pregnancy for predicting 24-hour proteinuria. Subjects and Methods. A total of 102 patients qualifying inclusion criteria were evaluated with preadmission urine dipstick test and UPCR performed on spot voided sample. After admission, the entire 24-hour urine sample was collected and analysed for daily protein excretion. Dipstick estimation and UPCR were compared to the 24-hour results. Results. Seventy-eight patients (76.5%) had significant proteinuria of more than 300 mg/24 h. Dipstick method showed 59% sensitivity and 67% specificity for prediction of significant proteinuria. Area under curve for UPCR was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83 to 0.95, P < 0.001) showing 82% sensitivity and 12.5% false positive rate for cutoff value of 0.45. Higher cutoff values (1.46 and 1.83) predicted heavy proteinuria (2 g and 3 g/24 h, resp.). Conclusion. This study suggests that random urinary protein : creatine ratio is a reliable investigation compared to dipstick method to assess proteinuria in hypertensive pregnant women. However, clinical laboratories should standardize the reference values for their setup.

Post-caesarean Haematomas, Septic Collections and Wound Disruptions– Re-Laparotomy Based on Abdominal Imaging

Raising incidence of caesarean section is a global concern, especially in the low resource countries [1,2]. Inadequate aseptic precautions, improper surgical technique, indiscriminate use of antibiotics leading to increasing antibiotic resistance, suboptimal post-operative care and ascending genital infections all contribute to increasing incidence of post-caesarean abdominal sepsis. We present a series of six referrals in 12 months; who presented with post-caesarean haematomas, septic collections and uterine wound dehiscence. Decision for re-laparotomy had to be taken diligently taking clinical picture along with imaging findings.

Hydrosalpinx as a Rare Presentation of Synchronous Ovarian and Endometrial Carcinoma - A Case Report.

Hydrosalpinx in postmenopausal woman is rare. Most commonly it is due to primary ovarian malignancy with fallopian tube involvement or primary fallopian tube carcinoma. But hydrosalpinx with no malignancy in the fallopian tube, associated with synchronous malignancy of ovary and endometrium is rare. In a postmenopausal women, hydrosalpinx is commonly due to fallopian tube malignancy or rarely pelvic inflammatory disease. We present a rare and very interesting case of 65-year-old nulliparous postmenopausal women with bilateral hydrosalpinx and pyometra who was found to have papillary serous adenocarcinoma of the ovary and endometroid adenocarcinoma of endomertrium with normal fallopian tube. One should always suspect genital malignancy with this presentation, especially in this age group.

Neuroendocrine Cancer of Rectum Metastasizing to Ovary

Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are rare malignancies that originate from the hormone-producing cells of the bodys neuroendocrine system. Rectal high grade NEC (HG-NEC) constituting less than 1% of colorectal cancers can cause large ovarian metastasis that may be the initial presenting complaint. Ovarian Krukenberg tumor from a primary rectal HG-NEC is a very unusual and exceedingly uncommon differential diagnosis for secondary ovarian malignancy. This case report describes one such extremely rare case of a woman who had presented to the gynecology department with features suggestive of ovarian malignancy and was ultimately diagnosed to have Krukenberg tumor originating from neuroendocrine cancer of rectum. We felt this is a good opportunity to spread more light on neuroendocrine neoplasms that are very rare in gynecological practice.