Satoshi Saida

Interaction between mucociliary transport and the ciliary beat of chicken nasal mucosa

SummaryWe studied the relationship between the mucociliary transport time and the ciliary beat frequency in the chicken nares following water deprivation and topical administrations of cocaine, atropine, and Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Dehydration produced progressive decelerations of mucociliary flow but not ciliary beat frequency. In vivo 5% cocaine resulted in decreased sinus mucociliary transport time, while application of 20% cocaine to in vitro tissues caused ciliary paralysis within 5 min. Topical atropine was seen to affect both mucociliary flow and the ciliary beat frequency. NDV infection induced deceleration of the turbinate clearance time after 72 h, but did not change ciliary beat frequency. By day 12, mucociliary flow remained unchanged although ciliary beat frequency decreased significantly. Our results support the general concept that mucus is more important than are the cilia in normal nasal mucociliary function.

Effect of Lipopolysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae on Ciliary Activity of the Human Nasal Mucosa and Bullfrog Palate Clearance

The influence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Haemophilus influenzae on the ciliary activity of human nasal mucosa was first studied using both a photo-oscillographic apparatus and by bullfrog palate clearance. Neither modification of cilialy activity nor change in bullfrog palate clearance was observed in the early phase after the administration of LPS.

Inverted Papilloma of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses.

Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses is an uncommon lesion recognized as a neoplastic growth of the epithelium which inverts into the underlying stroma rather than proliferating outwardly from the surface. This neoplasm is uniquely characterized by its capacity to destroy bone, tendency to recur after incomplete removal, and association with malignancy. Most authors recommend lateral rhinotomy as the initial surgical approach. In 1992 and 1993, we treated 5 patients with inverted papilloma, one of which presented with bilateral disease. On computed tomography, 3 patients demonstrated opacification of the maxillary sinus, 2 showed localized mass. None of the patients showed bone destruction. Antrostomy and ethmoidectomy were performed in 5 of these cases. Lateral rhinotomy was added in one patient. Intranasal ethmoidectomy was performed in one case. Complete resection and lifelong follow-up are recommended to prevent recurrence and association with malignancy.

Serratiopeptidase treatment of chronic sinusitis.

The effectiveness of serratiopeptidase, a proteolytic enzyme, in 23 adults with chronic sinusitis was examined. The patients received 30 mg of serratiopeptidase p.o. per day for 4 weeks. Neither antiinflammatory agents nor mucolytic agents were given.The effectiveness of serratiopeptidase on subjective symptoms and rhinoscopic observations was 39%. X-ray opacity of the maxillary sinus was evaluated with a microdensitometer. The pre- and post-treatment data were compared in 14 patients (28 maxillary sinuses). The improvement of X-ray opacity by serratiopeptidase treatment was noted in 36%. Nasal mucociliary clearance (nasal ST) was measured in 21 patients. Before the treatment, nasal ST was decelerate in 12 patients. After the treatment, their nasal ST had not significantly improved. The general effectiveness of serratiopeptidase on subjective symptoms, rhinoscopic observations and X-ray opacity was 46%.

The effect of a single antral lavage with and without pipemidic acid on chronic sinusitis.

This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of a single antral lavage with and without pipemidic acid (PPA), an oral antibacterial agent, in chronic sinusitis. Fifteen patients, aged 17 to 66 years, were treated with an antral lavage with physiological saline solution at week one (group A). Thirteen patients, aged 14 to 68 years, were treated with an antral lavage at week one and recieved PPA 2, 000mg p. o. per day for two weeks, from week 0 to week 2 (group B).There was no significant difference in the subjective effect between group A and group B. X-ray opacity of the maxillary sinus was evaluated with a microdensitometer at week 0 and week 2. In group A, the x-ray opacity was 0.597±0.166 at week 0., and was 0.595±0.174 at week 2. In group B, the x-ray opacity was 0.665±0.190 and 0.683±0.176 at weeks 0 and 2, respectively. No significant improvement of x-ray opacity was observed after treatment in either group.The results indicate that a single antral lavage with and without an antibacterial agent is ineffective on the conservative treatment of chronic sinusitis.