Saul Rassy Carneiro

Coordenação motora de crianças e adolescentes portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana

Introducao: O virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana e um lentivirus que deprime o sistema imunologico, favorecendo o desencadeamento de deficits, incluindo no sistema motor. Esses deficits podem ser gerados atraves de efeitos adversos da terapia antirretroviral. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil da coordenacao motora de criancas e adolescentes infectadas por via vertical pelo virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana e expostas ao uso de terapias antirretrovirais. Materiais e Metodos: Estudo do tipo observacional e transversal, onde foram avaliadas 34 criancas e adolescentes matriculadas na Unidade de Referencia Materno Infantil e Adolescente do Para e distribuidas em dois grupos: 1) Grupo Controle: n=13, com sorologia negativa para o virus da imunodeficiencia humana, porem expostos a medicacao no pre, peri ou pos-natal; 2) Grupo Experimental: n=21, criancas com sorologia positiva para o HIV e exposicao prolongada as terapias antirretrovirais ha mais de 1 ano. Foi utilizada a bateria de teste Korperkoordination test fur Kinder para analise do desempenho motor. A analise estatistica foi realizada pelo software Bioestat® 5.0, considerando nivel de significância de 5%. Resultados: Identificou-se no grupo experimental deficit na coordenacao motora para tarefas de equilibrio (p=0,003) e lateralizacao (p=0,007) comprometendo a conscientizacao corporal. A analise do quociente motor global e deste com relacao a idade cronologica tambem apresentaram significância, respectivamente p=0,027 e p=0,003. Conclusao: Criancas e adolescentes infectadas por via vertical pelo virus da Imunodeficiencia Humana e expostas ao uso prolongado da terapia antirretroviral apresentaram comprometimento do desempenho motor para as tarefas de equilibrio e lateralidade.

Early mobilization and exercise in elderly patients after coronary artery bypass grafting

RESULTS Disuse syndrome is a disorder that is most often associated with acute or chronic disease complications. Despite disuse syndrome may affect all organs and systems, the impact of range of motion limitations caused by immobility on functional capacity to perform activities of daily living is often very severe. Mobilization and active exercise have beneficial effects that counteract the impact of immobility on the body.RESULTS Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures. During the postoperative period, the prolonged bed rest increases the possible occurrence of systemic complications, resulting from immobilization. Knowing that physical exercise balances the blood pressure and taking into account its benefits, we tried to analyze the hemodynamic behavior of the patient in PO after exercise sessions in the ICU.RESULTS According to the Portuguese Ministry of Health there are in Portugal more than 9500 femoral neck fractures each year, which reached hospital expenses of around 52 million euros. The same source estimates the mortality from 20% to 30% over a year after fracture; referring to severe disability it reaches a prevalence of 40% in the same period. Scientific evidence points out that hip fractures tend to occur more often in the elderly, especially after age 85 (Marks, Allegrante, MacKenzie, & Lane, 2002), and are more common in women. There is an increased incidence of proximal femur fractures with age due to the increase of intrinsic factors and the decrease of functionality (Bloch, et al., 2010) and the loss of mineral density and bone mass associated with aging (Wei., Hu. Wang., & Hwang, 2001). We believe that the description of the fall and its characteristics could improve our understanding of the biomechanics of this process.