Seema Patil

Detection of anterior loop and other patterns of entry of mental nerve into the mental foramen: A radiographic study in panoramic images

Purpose: The pattern of entry of mental nerve into the mental foramen after its emergence from the inferior alveolar nerve bundle is an important presurgical landmark in the mandibular premolar region. Various patterns of entry of mental nerve have been identified. As panoramic radiographs are routinely used in presurgical evaluation, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the various entry patterns of mental nerve into the mental foramen. Materials and Methods: Total 300 panoramic radiographs taken for routine diagnostic purposes were selected for the study. The radiographs were assessed independently by two observers and the position and the entry pattern of the mental nerve on the left and right side were recorded. The entry patterns recorded were categorized as straight, looping, or perpendicular. Results: The study revealed that the most common pattern of entry of mental nerve was a straight one accounting for a total of 79% on at least one side of the total radiographs examined, followed by the presence of an anterior loop on at least one side in 21% and perpendicular pattern on at least one side in 6% of the total radiographs examined. Conclusion: Panoramic radiography may not be a very reliable imaging modality for identifying the presence of anterior loop which needs to be determined for preoperative planning of surgical procedures in the mandibular premolar region. Other modalities, such as cone beam CT, can be used for better visualization of the area.

Prevalence of glutathione S-transferase M1 null polymorphism in tobacco users, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in South Indian population: A polymerase chain reaction study.

Context: Tobacco abuse is a well-known risk factor for potentially malignant disorders as well as oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Factors that influence tobacco-exposed individuals developing a malignancy may include a combination of total tobacco exposure and genetic susceptibility. Aim: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null polymorphism in oral leukoplakia and oral SCC patients in South Indian population. Settings and Design: This case-control study was conducted in hospital setting on South Indian population. Materials and Methods: Totally, 280 subjects with a history of tobacco use, oral leukoplakia, oral SCC were included in this study. Three milliliter of blood was collected and transported under cold cycle and taken for evaluation of GSTM1 null polymorphism using Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results and Discussion: On comparing the prevalence of GSTM1 null polymorphism among the group with subjects with habits and no oral lesions, oral leukoplakia and oral SCC, it was observed that there was a statistically significant association between GSTM1 null polymorphism and the different groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The lack of GSTM1 activity would make the oral tissues more susceptible to action of tobacco carcinogens and to the development of a high-grade level of dysplasia in oral leukoplakia and thereby increases the susceptibility of lesion to undergo malignant changes.

Indian patients' attitudes towards chairside screening in a dental setting for medical conditions

BACKGROUND India has a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and hepatitis B. United States-based studies indicate provider and patient support for medical screening in the dental setting. We assessed patient attitudes towards, and willingness to participate in, medical screening in the dental setting in India. METHOD A 5-point Likert scale survey (with scores ranging from 1=very important/willing to 5=very unimportant/unwilling) was given to a convenience sample of adult patients visiting five university-based dental clinics (clinic group) and one private-practice setting (private group). The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare mean response scores between patient groups. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with a favourable outcome. RESULTS Both patient groups felt it important for dentists to identify increased risk for medical conditions (89.3% vs. 94.9%, respectively; P=0.02). The majority of patients were willing to have a dentist screen for the specified conditions: CVD (80.6% clinic and 84.5% private); DM (84.5% clinic and 77.5% private); TB (76.7% clinic and 73.2% private); hepatitis (73.3% clinic and 67.5% private); and HIV/AIDS (71.0% clinic and 70.5% private). The majority of patients were willing to participate in chairside screening that yielded immediate results (84.6% clinic and 86.1% private), discuss results immediately (85.8% clinic and 87.2% private) and pay 150 Indian rupees (55.9% clinic and 91.7% private). Younger patients (<40 years of age) were significantly less likely to respond favourably to: importance of medical screening in dental settings [adjusted odds ratio (OR)=0.63; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.26-0.84] and be available for screening that yielded immediate results (adjusted OR=0.63; 95% CI: 0.40-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Indian dental patients were in favour of chairside medical screening.

Evaluation of Efficacy of Ultrasonography in the Assessment of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Subjects with Myositis and Myofascial Pain

Background The study aimed to determine if ultrasonography of masseter can be used to evaluate the outcome of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in subjects with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) such as myositis and myofascial pain. Methods Fifteen TMD subjects with myofascial pain/myositis who satisfied the RDC/McNeil criteria were included in the study. All the subjects were administered TENS therapy for a period of 6 days (30 minutes per session). The mouth opening (in millimeters) and severity of pain (visual analogue scale score) and ultrasonographic thickness of the masseter (in millimeters) in the region of trigger/tender areas was assessed in all the subjects both prior and post TENS therapy. A comparison of the pre-treatment and post-treatment values of the VAS score, mouth opening and masseter thickness was done with the help of a t-test. Results There was a significant reduction in the thickness of masseter muscle (P = 0.028) and VAS scores (P < 0.001) post TENS therapy. There was also a significant improvement in the mouth opening (P = 0.011) post TENS therapy. Conclusions In the present study, ultrasonography was found to be an effective measuring tool in the assessment of TENS therapy in subjects with myositis and myofascial pain.

Oral Health in Individuals With Asthma

Objective. The prevalence of bronchial asthma is increasing globally by 50% every decade. With more individuals presenting with a medical history of asthma and concurrent medication usage, its impact on oral cavity needs to be recognized. The present study was conducted with an aim to assess the oral health status of individuals with asthma aged 12 years and older and to evaluate the effect of various antiasthma medications on oral health. Materials and Methods. Forty individuals with asthma (22 females and 18 males) between 12 and 66 years of age were included in the study after following extensive exclusion criteria. For all subjects a detailed case history was taken. A thorough oral examination was conducted to determine caries experience, periodontal status, and candidiasis. Furthermore, whole unstimulated saliva was collected for pH estimation and cytological smears obtained for the screening of candidiasis. Results. Of the 40 subjects examined, a history of xerostomia was found in 55%, stomatopyrosi...

SECOND PRIMARY TUMOR OF THE TONGUE – A CASE REPORT.

Dr. Asha R Iyengar 1 , Dr. SeemaPatil 2 , Dr.Rahamath Fatima 3 , Dr. Vani M.H 4 and Dr. Subhash B.V 5 . 1. Professor and HOD, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, D.A.P.M.R.V Dental College. 2. Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, D.A.P.M.R.V Dental College. 3. Post graduate student, Department of Oral medicine and Radiology, D.A.P.M.R.V Dental College. 4. Post graduate student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, D.A.P.M.R.V Dental College, Bangalore. 5. Reader, Department of Oral medicine and Radiology, D.A.P.M.R.V Dental College. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History

A Case Report of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Mandible

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare benign lesion of bone, which represents less than 1% of all the bone cysts biopsied. It is generally noted in long bones and spine and is less common in the craniofacial skeleton including maxilla and mandible. These rare jaw lesions are encountered mostly in the body and ramus of the mandible in the second or third decades of life. This case report describes a rare case of ABC in a 48 year old male patient involving the left body and ramus of the mandible. Clinically, it presented as an extra-oral swelling of 3 months duration with occasional mild pain and paraesthesia of the lip which are rare features of the lesion. Both conventional and CT imaging were suggestive of a multilocular (soap-bubble) lesion. An incisional biopsy was done and the histopathological report was suggestive of an Aneurysmal Bone Cyst. The patient was planned for hemimandibulectomy with free fibula reconstruction graft.

GSTM1 null polymorphism prevalence in tobacco users, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in South Indian population: A polymerase chain reaction study

Context: Tobacco abuse is a well-known risk factor for potentially malignant disorders as well as oral squamous cell carcinoma. Factors that influence tobacco-exposed individuals developing a malignancy may include the combination of total tobacco exposure and genetic susceptibility. Aim: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of the glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null polymorphism in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in South Indian population. Settings and Design: This case-control study was conducted in hospital setting on South Indian population. Materials and Methods: About 280 subjects with history of tobacco use, oral leukoplakia, oral squamous cell carcinoma were included in this study. Three milliliter of blood was collected and transported under cold cycle and taken for evaluation of GSTM1 null polymorphism using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Results and Discussion: On comparing the prevalence of GSTM1 null polymorphism among the group with subjects with habits and no oral lesions, oral leukoplakia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, it was observed that there was a statistically significant association between GSTM1 null polymorphism and the different groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The lack of GSTM1 activity would make the oral tissues more susceptible to action of tobacco carcinogens and to the development of a high-grade level of dysplasia in oral leukoplakia and thereby increases the susceptibility of lesion to undergo malignant changes.