Seiko Hayashi

Endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging efficiency for evaluation of inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis.

AIM To assess the efficacy of endocytoscopic narrow-band imaging (EC-NBI) for evaluating the severity of inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS This retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary care referral center. We included UC patients who underwent colonoscopy with endocytoscopy from July 2010 to December 2013. EC-NBI was performed, and the images were evaluated by assessing visibility, increased vascularization, and the increased calibers of capillaries and were classified as Obscure, Visible or Dilated. Obscure was indicative of inactive disease, while Visible and Dilated were indicative of acute inflammation. This study received Institutional Review Board approval. The primary outcome measures included the diagnostic ability of EC-NBI to distinguish between active and inactive UC on the basis of histological activity. The conventional endoscopic images were classified according to the Mayo endoscopic score. A score of 0 or 1 indicated inactive disease, whereas a score of 2 indicated active disease. RESULTS Fifty-two patients were enrolled. There was a strong correlation between the EC-NBI findings and the histological assessment (r=0.871, P<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of EC-NBI for diagnosing acute inflammation were 84.0%, 100%, 87.1%, 100%, and 92.3%, respectively, while those for the Mayo endoscopic score were 100%, 40.7%, 100%, 61.0%, and 69.2%, respectively. Compared with conventional endoscopy, EC-NBI was superior in diagnostic specificity, negative predictive value, and accuracy (P<0.001, P=0.001 and P=0.047, respectively). CONCLUSION The EC-NBI finding of capillaries in the rectal mucosa was strongly correlated with histological inflammation and aided in the differential diagnosis between active and inactive UC.

Is it proper to use non‐magnified narrow‐band imaging for esophageal neoplasia screening? Japanese single‐center, prospective study

Aim:  Most screening examinations in Japanese general hospitals are carried out by high‐definition television‐incompatible (non‐HD) scopes and non‐magnifying endoscopes. We evaluated the narrow‐band imaging (NBI) real‐time diagnostic yield of esophageal neoplasia in high‐risk patients at a general hospital.

Mo1936 Characteristics of Colorectal Tumours in Asymptomatic Patients With Negative Immunochemical Faecal Occult Blood Test Results

The immunochemical faecal occult blood test (iFOBT) is a simple, non-invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening method for reducing CRC-related mortality. However, the sensitivity of iFOBT is imperfect and certain colonic neoplasms that require removal may be missed. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and character- istics of CRC in asymptomatic, iFOBT-negative patients who underwent opportunistic screening. A total of 919 subclinical patients (276 iFOBT-positive and 643 iFOBT-negative) in the health screening program of our hospital underwent total colonoscopy (TCS) within 2 years after iFOBT. The patients were divided into an iFOBT-positive and an iFOBT-negative group and the TCS findings were compared between the two groups. Although the incidence of advanced neoplasia (CRC, high‑grade dysplasia, adenoma sized ≥10 mm and tubulovil- lous adenoma) was significantly higher in the iFOBT‑positive group, these lesions were also found in 6.3% of iFOBT-nega- tive patients. The lesions tended to be proximally located and non-protruding. In conclusion, screening with iFOBT remains clinically significant. However, colonoscopy is indispensable for reducing the incidence and mortality of CRC.

Structure of sericenine

The configuration of the double bonds in sericenine, a component of the leaf of Neolitsea sericea Koidz., has been elucidated by application of the Nuclear Overhauser Effect, thus completing the assignment of structure.