Selami Candan

Protective role of antioxidant vitamin E and catechin on idarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Idarubicin is an anthracycline antibiotic extensively used in acute leukemia. In the present study we investigated whether vitamin E and catechin can reduce the toxic effects of idarubicin. Vitamin E (200 IU kg(-1) week(-1)), catechin (200 mg kg(-1) week(-1)), idarubicin (5 mg kg(-1) week(-1)), idarubicin + vitamin E (200 IU kg(-1) week(-1)), and idarubicin + catechin (200 mg kg(-1) week(-1)) combinations were given to male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 210 to 230 g (N = 6/group). Idarubicin-treated animals exhibited a decrease in body and heart weight, a decrease in myocardial contractility, and changes in ECG parameters (P<0.01). Catechin + idarubicin- and vitamin E + idarubicin-treated groups exhibited similar alterations, but changes were attenuated in comparison to those in cardiac muscle of idarubicin-treated rats (P<0.05). Superoxide dismutase and catalase activity was reduced in the idarubicin-treated group (P<0.05). Glutathione peroxidase levels were decreased in the idarubicin-treated group (P<0.05) and reached maximum concentrations in the catechin- and catechin + idarubicin-treated groups compared to control (P<0.01). Malondialdehyde activity was decreased in the catechin + idarubicin-treated groups compared to control and increased in the other groups, reaching maximum concentrations in the vitamin E-treated group (P<0.01). In electron microscopy studies, swelling of the mitochondria and dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of myocytes were observed in the idarubicin-treated groups. In groups that were given idarubicin + vitamin E and idarubicin + catechin, the only morphological change was a weak dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. We conclude that catechin and vitamin E significantly reduce idarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.

Morphology of eggs and spermatheca of Odontotarsus purpureolineatus (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae)

The morphology of the spermatheca and eggs of Odontotarsus purpureolineatus were studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The spherical eggs were about 1.35 mm long and 1.09 mm wide. The egg batches generally consist of 13–14 eggs. The egg surface is covered by polygonal (hexagonal and pentagonal shapes prevail) ridges and tiny chorionic tubercles. There were 8–10 aero-micropylar processes between the polygons. The spermatheca of O. purpureolineatus is characterized by a spherical spermathecal bulb, a pumping region, a flange of pump and dilation of spermathecal duct. Spermathecal processes and a median spermathecal dilation with sclerotized rod are missing. The spermathecal bulb and the pumping region possess many pores.

The morphology and histology of the male reproductive system in Dolycoris baccarum Linnaeus 1758 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)--light and scanning electron micoscope studies.

The male reproductive system of Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus 1758) is studied morphologically and histologically using both light and scanning electron microscopes (SEM). The reproductive system of the male D. baccarum consists of a pair of testis, a pair of vas deferens, a pair of seminal vesicles, accessory glands (mesadenia, ectadenia), a bulbus ejaculatorius, a pair of ectodermal sacs, and a ductus ejaculatorius. The number of testicular follicles varies from four to six. The testicular follicles have three different development zones (growth zone, maturation zone, differentiation zone). The testes are connected to the seminal vesicles by the vas deferens. Vas deferens and seminal vesicles, which are fine-long and cylindrical. The seminal vesicle is connected with bulbus ejaculatorius which is balloon-shaped and surrounded with accessory glands. The bulbus ejaculatorius is continuous with ductus ejaculatorius which connected to the aedeagus.

Spermathecal Morphology of Enoplops disciger (Kolenati, 1845) (Heteroptera: Coreidae)

Abstract The morphology of the spermatheca Enoplops disciger (Kolenati, 1845) (Heteroptera: Coreidae) was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The spermatheca of E. disciger is characterized by the presence of a T-shaped or reniform, sclerotized spermathecal bulb, whose surface is covered by many pores, a fairly short, spirally twisted spermathecal duct; a single flanged spermathecal pump; and two lateral sclerotized rings.

Surface morphology of the spermatheca of Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae).

ABSTRACT: The morphology of the spermatheca of Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) was examined using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The spermatheca of D. baccarum is characterized by the presence of a spherical spermathecal bulb that appears sclerotized and is covered with multiple pores. The spermathecal duct, pumping region with distal and proximal flanges and dilation of spermathecal duct are illustrated. The pumping region contains both distal and proximal flanges. The spermathecal dilation is striated and the walls are muscular. The proximal area of the spermathecal duct is fairly long relative to the distal area and is close to the opening of the vagina. Two alternately placed V-shaped sclerites and two ring sclerites occur in the genital chamber.

External Morphology of Eggs of Tipula (Lunatipula) decolor, Tipula (Lunatipula) dedecor, and Tipula (Acutipula) latifurca (Diptera: Tipulidae)

Abstract External morphology of eggs of Tipula (Lunatipula) decolor Mannheims, Tipula (Lunatipula) dedecor Loew, and Tipula (Acutipula) latifurca Vermoolen were studied with both light and scanning electron microscopy. Mating pairs of these species were collected and maintained under laboratory conditions. Eggs were laid singly and were usually well separated from each other in cotton fiber batting. Eggs of these species are oval and black. The surface of the egg of T. decolor was covered by chorionic protrusions of similar size, and there was a single micropylar opening at the anterior end of egg. The egg surface of T. dedecor was covered with low protrusions with sharp tips, and there were numerous micropylar openings at the anterior end of egg. The egg surface of T. latifurca was smooth and lacked chorionic protrusions, and the anterior end of egg has a disc-shaped structure formed by coiled terminal filament.

Ultrastructure of male reproductive system of Eurydema ventrale Kolenati 1846 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae).

The male reproductive system of Eurydema ventrale Kolenati 1846 is studied morphologically and histologically by using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The reproductive system of the male E.ventrale consists of a pair of testis, a pair of vas deferens, a pair of seminal vesicles, accessory glands, a bulbus ejaculatorius, a pair of ectodermal sacs, and a ductus ejaculatorius. The testicular follicles have three different development zones (growth zone, maturation zone, and differentiation zone). The testes are connected to the seminal vesicles by the vas deferens that is a specialized in sperm storage. Sperm have an elongated head and a tail (flagellum) with an axonema and two mitochondrial derivatives. Vas deferens and seminal vesicles are fine, long, and cylindrical. The seminal vesicle is connected with bulbus ejaculatorius, which is balloon shaped and surrounded with accessory glands. The bulbus ejaculatorius is continuous with ductus ejaculatorius which is connected to the aedeagus. Microsc. Res. Tech. 78:643–653, 2015.

MORPHOLOGY AND SURFACE STRUCTURE OF EGGS AND FIRST INSTAR LARVAE OF DIELOCROCE BAUDII (NEUROPTERA: NEMOPTERIDAE) FROM TURKEY

ABSTRACT The morphology of eggs and first instar larvae of Dielocroce baudii (Griffini 1895) are described and illustrated for the first time using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy. The eggs are elongate and cylindrical with rounded ends and bear a small terminal micropylar knob. The chorion has two types of small protrusions. Newly emerged larva of D. baudii are characterized by an elongated tapering head, long pale prothorax, and prominent pale dark orange marks on the metatergites. The body is covered with short setae and dolichasters.

Histological and ultrastructural features of the rectum in Poecilimon cervus Karabağ, 1950 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

The morphology and ultrastructure of the rectum in Poecilimon cervus Karabağ, 1950 (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) were analyzed by light microscope, scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM). The rectum is the final part of the digestive tract that plays an important role in water reabsorption in insects and so provides osmoregulation. In the transverse sections, six rectal pads and columnar epithelium can be distinguished. The cuticular intima lines the lumen at the apical side of the epithelium. In the cytoplasm, there are numerous mitochondria, some endocytic vesicles, secreting vesicles whose sizes differ according to the area in the cell, and a nucleus with globular in shape. With this study, we aimed to demonstrate the ultrastructure of the rectum of P. cervus and differences or similarities of with other species.

Structural and ultrastructural features of the Malpighian tubules of Dolycoris baccarum (Linnaeus 1758), (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

The morphology and ultrastructure of the Malpighian tubules of Dolycoris baccarum were analyzed by scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy in order to determine their functional organization. The Malpighian tubules are compared with similar structures of other insects based on cell structure and functional organization. The Malpighian tubules of D. baccarum extend from the midgut–hindgut region of the digestive tract. The Malpighian tubules are divided into two regions: the proximal segment is short and flattened and the distal segment is long, stringy in shape and free in hemolymph. The tubules are generally long and narrow. There is a large number of trachea around the tubules. They consist of a single layer of epithelial cells. It is observed in the TEM observation that the epithelial cells have numerous microvilli at the apical side of the cells. At the basal side of the cells, there is a great number of membrane foldings and mitochondria among them. Besides some spherites, mitochondria, lysosome‐like bodies, and large or small granules can be distinguished in the cells. With this study, we aimed to demonstrate the ultrastructure of the Malpighian tubules of D. baccarum and differences or similarities with other species.