Selma Tukel

Radiological findings in the diagnosis of genitourinary candidiasis.

Abstract The presence of fungus balls within the collecting system is an important clue to the radiological diagnosis of genitourinary candidiasis. In this report, an 8-month-old infant with this opportunistic infection is described. Emphasis is placed on the radiological findings of renal candidiasis, including previously unreported MR appearances. Sonographic and Doppler findings of accompanying Candida epididymitis are also described.

Adenomyoepithelioma of the breast.

A denomyoepithelioma (AME) is a rare tumor characterized by a balanced bicellular pattern of proliferating epithelial and myoepithelial cells. 1,2 Although it is considered benign in nature, local recurrences and nodal and distant metastases have been reported. 1-6 Current treatment of AME involves total surgical excision of the tumor and a margin of uninvolved tissue as well as long-term follow-up, 7,8 In our case, the radiologic and color Doppler sonographic findings suggested carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the color Doppler sonographic features of AME of the breast.

Radiologic-pathologic conference of the University of Ankara Medical School: metaplastic breast carcinoma with osteochondrosarcomatous differentiation.

5Department of Surgery, Ankara University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. 75-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of painless palpable mass in her right breast. Mammography revealed a 4-cm oval calcified mass in the upper outer right breast (Figs. 1A and 1B). A second 1cm lobulated mass was detected in the 12o’clock region. The patient underwent incisional biopsy of the palpable mass, which revealed invasive ductal cancer with osteochondrosarcomatous differentiation (Fig. 1C). Chest radiography and a bone scan were negative for distant metastasis. The patient underwent a right mastectomy. Histopathologic evaluation revealed a second 1.5cm focus of osteochondrosarcomatous metaplastic cancer in the 12-o’clock position in addition to residual metaplastic cancer at the A

Investigation of mean glandular dose versus compressed breast thickness relationship for mammography

The relationship between the mean glandular dose (MGD) and the compressed breast thickness (CBT) is commonly used for the presentation of mammographic dose survey results and could also be useful for the assessment of individual breast doses retrospectively in case of lack of necessary dosimetric instrumentation. The high data scattering from the best fit reduces the reliability of this technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of this relationship using the data collected from a patient survey and phantom experiment. Patients were divided into three different groups according to their breast glandularities, which were predicted from the inspection of previous mammograms. X-ray beam qualities that will be used in patient examinations were determined according to breast thickness and predicted glandularities. The MGD versus CBT relationship for all the examined patients resulted in a poor correlation (R2 = 0.28). This relationship was separately obtained for each glandularity group and also for sub-groups of specific beam qualities. The best correlation (R(2) = 0.73) was obtained for the fatty breast group and Mo/Mo combination. A low correlation (R2 = 0.34) was observed in the mid-glandularity group due to inclusion of a wide range of glandularities in this group. In the case of the dense breast group, although the glandularity range was narrow, there were e still high data scattering (R2 = 0.25). This was probably due to the use of Mo/Rh and Mo/Mo combinations. This is validated by obtaining the MGD-CBT relationship specific to Mo/Mo combination (R2 = 0.61).

Ductal Dilatation as the Manifesting Sign of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

Several established mammographic criteria of malignancy are known, including the presence of a mass lesion with spiculated or irregular margins, architectural distortions, suggestive microcalcifications, and asymmetric density or breast tissue. A pattern of unilaterally dilated ducts has previously been shown to have a very low positive predictive value for cancer. 1 - 5 The few reports of studies that have investigated the possible relationship of ductal dilatation and . malignancy concluded that ductal dilatation alone cannot be an indicator of malignancy and can be deemed suggestive only when it is associated with one of the more widely accepted findings of malignancy. 6 , 7 These include worrisome calcifications or a mass noted on mammography and clinical symptoms such as nipple discharge and a palpable abnormality. Sonography is an important tool that can be used as an adjunct to mammography for detection and staging of breast cancer, although sonographic evaluation of suggestive dilated ducts is not routine in clinical practice. In this report, we describe the mammographic and sonographic findings in a patient with multifocal invasive ductal carcinoma that manifested as unilateral dilated ducts involving a single segment, the diagnosis of which was prompted primarily by sonographic findings. A previous patient is described within the context of this report to enable comparison of these features with those of a benign breast lesion manifesting as a solitary dilated duct that proved to be a benign papilloma. To our knowledge, descriptive sonographic findings of a breast lesion suggestive of malignancy in the setting of mammographic findings of dilated ducts have not been reported.

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma metastatic to the breast

A 12-year-old girl was initially seen with a soft tissue mass in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast and a soft tissue mass within the right soleus muscle. Mammography showed a 5-cm round mass in the upper outer right breast (Fig 1, A). On sonography, the mass was hypoechoic and solid with lobulated margins. Color Doppler sonography showed the lesion to be highly vascular (Fig 1, B). Magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-demarcated mass that was hypointense on T1-weighted images (Fig 1, C) and