Seongki Min

Flow Characteristics Within and Downstream of Spherical and Cylindrical Dimple on a Flat Plate at Low Reynolds Numbers

A comprehensive experimental study has been performed in the U.S. Air Force Academy water tunnel to obtain a better understanding of the complicated flow patterns in shallow dimple configurations (h/D ≤ 0.1), including single cylindrical and spherical dimples, as well as single spanwise rows of dimples. The flow patterns, in-dimple separation zone extent, and bulk flow oscillation frequencies have been measured at low Reynolds number conditions. Three different single dimples and two single rows of dimples have been tested over a range of Reynolds numbers ReD of 3,170 to 23,590 including laminar and turbulent flow patterns downstream of a dimple. To visualize the fine flow features, five different colors of dye were injected through five cylindrical ports machined at locations upstream and inside the dimples. The measured results revealed unsteady and three-dimensional flow features inside and downstream of the dimple. The Reynolds number, dimple shape and the presence of adjacent dimples all play important roles in determining the nature of the flow pattern formation. Some preliminary conclusions regarding the laminar-turbulent flow transition after a dimple are presented.Copyright

A Study on a Modeling and Simulation Program of an Environmental Control System with a Phase Change Heat Exchanger

A study on the modeling and simulation of an environmental control system (ECS) is described in this paper. While a conventional ECS mainly consisted of an air cycle machine and heat exchangers, a new concept of a phase change heat exchanger was added to improve the transient performance of the ECS. As a result, an ECS modeling program including the phase change heat exchanger is newly developed to estimate its effect in various flight conditions such as take-off, maneuver, cruise, and landing. The simulation result regarding a virtual flight profile has confirmed the new ECS fulfilled the requirement by showing the temperature of the cooling air returned from the bay was always kept below 80℃. Through this study, the new ECS concept with PCHE was verified successfully.

Measurements on Transient Mixing Concentrations of Two Fuel Oils using a Quantitative Flow Visualization Technique

Transient mixing states of two different fuel oils, dimethylformamide (DMF) oil and JetA1 oil, were investigated by using a color image processing and a neural network. A tank (, ) was filled with JetA1 oil. The DMF oil was filled at a top tank, and was mixed with the JetA1 oil in the tank mixing tank via a sudden opening which was performed by nitrogen gas with 1.9 bar. An impeller was rotated with 700 rpm for mixing enhancements of the two fuel oils. To visualize the mixing state of the DMF oil with the JetA1 oil, the DMF oil was coated with Rhodamine B whose color was red. A LCD monitor was used for uniform illumination. The color changes of the DMF oil were captured by a camcoder and the images were transferred to a host computer for quantifying the information of color changes. The color images of two mixed oils were captured with the camcoder. The R, G, B color information of the captured images was used to quantify the concentration of the DMF oil. To quantify the concentration of the DMF oil in the JetA1 oil, a calibration of color-to-concentration was carried out before the main experiment was done. Transient mixing states of DMF oil with the JetA1 oil since after the sudden infiltration were quantified and characterized with the constructed visualization technique.

An Approach for the Integrated Performance Analysis of a Small Turbofan engine with Variable Inlet Guide and Variable Stator Vane

The present study is aimed to develop an integrated performance analysis approach for the application of a compressor with variable inlet guide vane (VIGV) and vairable stator vane (VSV) in a small turbofan engine. For the integrated analysis approach, an engine performance analysis program, NPSS and a computer program used for predicting of axial flow compressor performance based on stage stacking method, STGSTK were linked with an optimisation package, Isight. This enables off-design performance analysis for the turbofan engine with VIGV and VSV hence provides the capability to predict stable operation condition of the engine with acceptable surge margin.

Optimization of Turbofan Engine Design Point by using Seven Level Orthogonal Array

aerokim@dreamwiz.comABSTRACT For design optimization, engineers should require the accurat e information of design space and then explore the design space and carry out optimization. Recently, the total design framework, based on design of experiments and optimization, is widely used in indus try areas to explore the design space above all. For optimizing turbofan engine design point, the res ponse surface model is constructed by using the 7 level orthogonal array which satisfies the statisti cal uniformity and orthogonality and gets the dense design space information. The multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal solution within the given constraints for finding global optima l one in response surface model. The optimal solution from response surface model is verified with G asTurb simulation result.초 록 설계 최적화를 위해서 설계자는 우선적으로 설계영역 전반에 걸쳐 정확한 정보를 획득하고, 설계영역 탐색을 실시한 후에 최적화를 실시해야 한다. 최근에 설계영역 탐색을 우선적으로 실행하기 위하여 실험계획법과 반응표면모델에 최적화를 적용하는 통합설계 프레임워크의 적용이 산업체 전반으로 일반화되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 터보팬 엔진 설계점 최적화를 위하여, 설계영역의 정보를 조밀하게 얻을 수 있으며 통계학적인 직교성과 균형성을 모두 만족하는 7 수준 직교배열을 생성한 후에 반응표면모델을 구축한다. 구축된 반응표면모델에 전역 최적값을 찾기 위하여 다목적 유전자알고리즘을 적용하여 주어진 제한조건을 만족하는 최적값을 찾아 GasTurb 결과와 검증을 수행한다.Key Words: Turbofan(터보팬), Orthogonal Array( 직교배열), Design of Experiments(실험계획), Response Surface Model(반응표면모델), Optimization(최적화)Received 27 November 2012 / Revised 18 March 2013 / Accepted 25 March 2013

Measurements of Transient Mixing Concentrations between Solid Powder and Liquid Fuel

Concentration fields of solid powder in a liquid fuel were quantitatively measured by a visualization technique. The measurement system consists of a camcoder and three LCD monitors. The solid powder (glass powder) were filled in a head tank which was installed over a main mixing tank (, ). The main mixing tank was filled with JetA1 fuel oil. With a sudden opening of the upper tank by pressurized nitrogen gas with 1.9 bar, the solid powder were poured into the JetA1 oil. An impeller type agitator was being rotated in the mixing with 700 rpm for the enhancements of mixing. Uniform visualization for the mixing flow field was made by the light from the three LCD monitors, and the visualized images were captured by the camcoder. The color images captured by the camcoder The color information of the captured images was decoded into three principle colors R, G, and B to get quantitattive relations between the concentrations of the solid powder and the colors. To get better fitting for the strong non-linearity between the concentration and the color, a neural network which has strong fitting performances was used. Analyses on the transient mixing of the solid powders were quantitatively made.

A Study on the Performance Prediction Method for an Axial Compressor with Variable Inlet Guide Vane

In this study, numerical method, stage stacking method based on the result of numerical method and scaled stage stacking method have been applied to predict the performance of a multi-stage axial compressor with inlet guide vane. The results obtained through three different methods for off-design conditions were compared with performance test data. And the effect the angle of variable inlet guide vane was also investigated. The three-dimensional numerical simulation has been performed by using flow analysis program, 6.3 and the performance prediction based on the stage stacking method has been performed with compressor analysis code from NASA.

A Study on Modeling Program Development of an Environmental Control System Using AMESim S/W

A modeling and simulation program for an environmental control system (ECS) of a pod installed under wings of an aircraft was developed in order to estimate the system‘s performance during a flight. First, through the system configuration analysis in the main operational condition of the aircraft system, an ECS configuration adopting an air cycle machine (ACM) was selected. Therefore the modeling program was developed to simulate the ECS with an ACM. Second, the sensitivity analyses on performance variation of main components were conducted to complete the conceptual design of the ECS. A design point for the system and its components was obtained through the analysis with the modeling and simulation program. The design point for the system and components was obtained through the analysis with the modeling and simulation program. Third, in order to study the feasibility of the ECS configuration, off-design performances of the ECS on various flight conditions, such as take off, maneuver, cruise and landing etc were estimated. Dynamic characteristics were analyzed by transient performance evaluations.