Sergei A. Manuilov

Off-resonant manipulation of spins in diamond via precessing magnetization of a proximal ferromagnet

We report the manipulation of nitrogen vacancy (NV) spins in diamond when nearby ferrimagnetic insulator, yttrium iron garnet, is driven into precession. The change in NV spin polarization, as measured by changes in photoluminescence, is comparable in magnitude to that from conventional optically detected magnetic resonance, but relies on a distinct mechanism as it occurs at a microwave frequency far removed from the magnetic resonance frequency of the NV spin. This observation presents a new approach to transferring ferromagnetic spin information into a paramagnet and then transducing the response into a robust optical signal. It also opens new avenues for studying ferromagnetism and spin transport at the nanoscale.

Damping of Confined Modes in a Ferromagnetic Thin Insulating Film: Angular Momentum Transfer across a Nanoscale Field-Defined Interface

We observe a dependence of the damping of a confined mode of precessing ferromagnetic magnetization on the size of the mode. The micron-scale mode is created within an extended, unpatterned yttrium iron garnet film by means of the intense local dipolar field of a micromagnetic tip. We find that the damping of the confined mode scales like the surface-to-volume ratio of the mode, indicating an interfacial damping effect (similar to spin pumping) due to the transfer of angular momentum from the confined mode to the spin sink of ferromagnetic material in the surrounding film. Though unexpected for insulating systems, the measured intralayer spin-mixing conductance g_↑↓=5.3×10(19)  m(-2) demonstrates efficient intralayer angular momentum transfer.

Spatially resolved detection of complex ferromagnetic dynamics using optically detected nitrogen-vacancy spins

We demonstrate optical detection of a broad spectrum of ferromagnetic excitations using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in an ensemble of nanodiamonds. Our recently developed approach exploits a straightforward CW detection scheme using readily available diamond detectors, making it easily implementable. The NV center is a local detector, giving the technique spatial resolution, which here is defined by our laser spot, but in principle can be extended far into the nanoscale. Among the excitations, we observe the propagating dipolar and dipolar-exchange spinwaves, as well as dynamics associated with the multi-domain state of the ferromagnet at low fields. These results offer an approach, distinct from commonly used optically detected magnetic resonance techniques, for spatially resolved spectroscopic study of magnetization dynamics at the nanoscale.

Spin pumping from spinwaves in thin film YIG

We report on the efficiency of spin pumping from parametrically excited propagating high-k spinwaves in a YIG(25 nm)/Pt(5 nm) bilayer. We observe clear signals, detected using the inverse spin Hall effect. The measured spin pumping efficiency and microwave thresholds needed for parametric excitation indicate that spin pumping is insensitive to the spinwave wavevector magnitude and propagation direction in the range 0≤k≲20 μm−1. This finding is consistent with the fact that for thin films, the variation of spin wave amplitude across the film thickness is only weakly dependent on the wavevector. Our results are promising for the development of spin-based devices operated by spinwaves.

Experimental and numerical understanding of localized spin wave mode behavior in broadly tunable spatially complex magnetic configurations

Spin wave modes confined in a ferromagnetic film by the spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field generated by a scanned micromagnetic tip of a ferromagnetic resonance force microscope (FMRFM) enable microscopic imaging of the internal fields and spin dynamics in nanoscale magnetic devices. Here we report a detailed study of spin wave modes in a thin ferromagnetic film localized by magnetic field configurations frequently encountered in FMRFM experiments, including geometries in which the probe magnetic moment is both parallel and antiparallel to the applied uniform magnetic field. We demonstrate that characteristics of the localized modes, such as resonance field and confinement radius, can be broadly tuned by controlling the orientation of the applied field relative to the film plane. Micromagnetic simulations accurately reproduce our FMRFM spectra allowing quantitative understanding of the localized modes. Our results reveal a general method of generating tightly confined spin wave modes in various geometries with excellent spatial resolution that significantly facilitates the broad application of FMRFM. This paves the way to imaging of magnetic properties and spin wave dynamics in a variety of contexts for uncovering new physics of nanoscale spin excitations.

The magnetic particle in a box: Analytic and micromagnetic analysis of probe-localized spin wave modes

The dipole field from a probe magnet can be used to localize a discrete spectrum of standing spin wave modes in a continuous ferromagnetic thin film without lithographic modification to the film. Obtaining the resonance field for a localized mode is not trivial due to the effect of the confined and inhomogeneous magnetization precession. We compare the results of micromagnetic and analytic methods to find the resonance field of localized modes in a ferromagnetic thin film, and investigate the accuracy of these methods by comparing with a numerical minimization technique that assumes Bessel function modes with pinned boundary conditions. We find that the micromagnetic technique, while computationally more intensive, reveals that the true magnetization profiles of localized modes are similar to Bessel functions with gradually decaying dynamic magnetization at the mode edges. We also find that an analytic solution, which is simple to implement and computationally much faster than other methods, accurately describes the resonance field of localized modes when exchange fields are negligible, and demonstrating the accessibility of localized mode analysis.

Dual-frequency ferromagnetic resonance to measure spin current coupling in multilayers

Spin pumping is a method for injecting a pure spin current into a non-magnetic metal (NM) by inducing precession of a neighboring ferromagnet (FM) at its ferromagnetic resonance frequency. A popular method to detect spin current uses the Inverse Spin Hall Effect (ISHE) to convert the spin current to a detectable charge current and hence a voltage. In order to better understand the role of time independent and high frequency contributions to spin pumping, we sought to detect we attempt to detect spin currents by using a second microwave frequency to detect changes in linewidth of a second ferromagnet due to the spin-torque induced by the spin current from the first ferromagnet. This dual resonance is achieved by pairing a custom broadband coplanar transmission line with the high-Q resonant cavity of a commercial electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer. This technique is general enough that it should enable the investigation of spin currents in any FM-NM-FM system, for any orientation of external field, and is not sensitive to voltage artifacts often found in ISHE measurements. We find that the condition for simultaneous resonance generates a dc spin current that is too small to produce a measurable change in linewidth of the second ferromagnet, confirming the dominance of ac spin currents in linewidth enhancement measurements.