Sermin Kesebir

A comparison of anxiety, depression and attachment in tender age and adult pregnancy in Southeastern Anatolia Region.

Object: nThe aim of this study is to compare anxiety, depression and attachment in tender age and adult pregnants in a township of Southeastern Anatolia Region. nMethod: nThe study was conducted in a hospital in southeast of Turkey. 56 patients of obstetrics and gynecology clinic who did not have a psychiatric diagnosis and who were there for a routine assessment were involved in the study. Only the patients who could communicate Turkish at a sufficient level contributed to the study. Help was received from a hospital employee who was fluent in Kurdish and Arabic when necessary. Tender age and adult pregnant were evaluated by Hamilton Anxiety and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Adult Attachment Style Scale (AAS) and sociodemographic questionnaire. nResults: nBetween two groups statistically no significant difference was found in mother care, mother overprotection and father care subscales of parental bonding instrument (PBI); however father overprotection subscales were found to be significantly higher in tender age pregnant women compared to adult pregnant women. Statistically no significant difference was found between two groups with regards to Hamilton Depression scale and Hamilton Anxiety scale total scores. Avoidant attachment style was found to be associated with depression in tender age pregnant women although such association was not found for the group of adult pregnant women. nConclusion: nA secure attachment style during pregnancy will be passed on to the child by mother and the child as an individual under the influence of this bonding pattern will have its greater effects in its life and this primary attachment status will be transmitted to offspring. That is why it is important to break insecure attachments in risk groups and therefore developing new healthy attachment patterns should be aimed. The problems in the southeast of Turkey such as the language barrier and low literacy rate as well as the difficulty in applying the questionnaire make it difficult to conduct studies. Future research especially with women in this area is needed.

Parkinsonism secondary to duloxetine use: a case report.

In literature, there are more than hundred cases of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) associated with selective serotonin reuptake intibitors (SSRI) whereas EPS case reports associated with serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) are in a relatively small number. A SNRI group drug duloxetine that is used for indication of major depression since 2004 is a double acting antidepressant that acts by blocking serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake. Side effects of duloxetine on extrapyramidal system are not expected due to low affinity to D2 receptors. In this case, report manifestations of parkinsonism developed in a patient who used duloxetine for major depression are presented. Since any duloxetine induced EPS case has not reported so far, we have thought that this case can contribute to the literature.

Identity and temperament characteristics in the categorization of depressive pole

Objective: The present study aims to investigate the identity problems and affective temperaments in dysthymia and major depression. Methods: Each participant was assessed clinically by SCID-I and SCID-II interviews, Hamilton Depression Scale, DSM-V criteria for personality functioning, and a series of self-report inventories for affective temperament (TEMPS-A) and identity confusion (IFAIC). Results: In this study, we didnx92t found significant difference among IFAIC scores of the depressive groups. However, there is big difference between the early and late onset dysthymia. Depressive-anxious temperament score is lowest in episodic major depression and highest in early onset dysthymia. Depressive-anxious temperament score of late onset dysthymia is lower than the scores of early onset dysthymia and chronic major depression. Similar result is also eligible for irritable temperament. According to these results, temperament profiles of early onset dysthymia are much more similar to chronic major depressive patients other than late onset dysthymia. Conclusion: Chronic major depression and dysthymia show similar temperament and identity characteristics. However, there are significant differences in identity development and temperaments other than hyperthymic temperament between early onset dysthymia and late onset dysthymia. Because of that, division of chronic depression in to two subcategories will be helpful.