Sesan Peter Ayodeji

A control system for a poundo yam flour processing plant

The use of control systems reduces the need for human involvement in food processing plants, reduces stress in the production process, and makes production more efficient and cleaner. A control system was designed for a poundo yam processing plant using the estimated time required by each machine in the plant and the sequence of operation. A flow chart was developed to analyse and study the timing and motion of individual machines and to control the operation of the machines. The C++ programming language was used to programme the programmable logic controller. A circuit was developed to control the electric motors, electric heaters and fans in the processing plant. Evaluation of the developed control system shows that it reduces the time spent per batch production from 7 hours to 5 hours 19 minutes (24.05% time reduction) and increases the efficiency of the plant from 73.4% to 84.90%. Human involvement was reduced by 75% (from 8 steps to just 2).

Application of Modularity Principles in the Press Tool Enterprise: Reconfigurability

This paper aims to explore the literature related to modularity in an enterprise in order to apply the idea of modularity into the business services context. The paper design follows an adductive logic beginning with the construction of a theoretical pre-understanding. Streams of literature that are applied are service marketing and operations and modularity research. Special attention is paid to some of the modularity dimensions such as in services, organizations, and customer interaction to build business competitiveness. To stay competitive, enterprises must apply systems or use principles that not only produce their goods with high productivity, but also allow for rapid response to market changes and consumer needs. A new business capability that allows for quick production launch of new products, with production quantities that might unexpectedly vary, becomes a necessity. Reviewing literature of modularisation of manufacturing products and semi- structured face to face interviews with some of the South African press tool enterprises provided rich data for setting up background for further research. The paper shows how businesses can use modularisation to meet customer demands and product mix, cost efficiently, and flexible.

Investigation of the properties and production of sawdust ceiling tile using polystyrene as a binder

In this research, a production and properties investigation of wood sawdust ceiling tile using polystyrene as a binder was carried out. The content by weight of the wood sawdust was 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% consisting of three composite samples for each of the six filler content percentages. The samples were prepared in accordance with the American Standard for Testing and Material (ASTM) for wear resistance, flexural and tensile properties as well as water resistance. From the results, it was observed that with the exception of the wear loss, 5% sample gave the best values next to the control sample in almost all the properties. For wear resistance, the value was 0.4568 g and was the sample with the best wear resistance. The result revealed that curing rate is highly influenced by the filler since it decreases as the filler content increases. Higher resistivity was recorded as the filler content increased and this may not be unconnected to the fact that air, being a poor conductor, is more in the composite where we have more filler content.

Minimising instability on manufacturing systems after random disruption

One of the major issues in manufacturing systems is to determine how to deal effectively with unexpected disruption during production operation, (e.g. material unavailability, machine breakdown, employee absenteeism, power failure and additional resources, etc.). This paper presents a comprehensive literature review which shows that existing methods and tools offer very few concepts that are sufficient to handle a variety of random disruptions in manufacturing industries. A scheduling model was developed, and random sampling and simulation runs were done to minimise instability of the production system after random disruption. The results indicate that the degree of failure in the production line fluctuates and additional resources are required in order to meet up with planned demand.

The effects of disruption on different types of tile manufacturing Industry-layouts: An empirical investigation on tile manufacturing industry

Almost all manufacturing facilities need to use production scheduling systems to increase productivity and reduce production costs. Most manufacturing industries invest huge amount of money to manufacture and supply products on time in order to meet customers demand and objectives but due to unforeseen disruptions, these objectives are difficult to achieve. In Real-life, production operations are subject to a large number of unexpected disruptions that may invalidate an original schedule. This work considered effects of disruption on different types of industry-layouts that are seldom been used in manufacturing industries namely: fixed, product, production and process industry-layouts. Questionnaires were used for data collection from a number of companies in Cameroon and reliably theory, simulation softwares were using to analyze the data. The study reveals that, disruptions varies per industry-layout and the leading sources of disruptions are machine breakdown, power failure, employees absenteeism and material shortage. It is concluded that disruption of one type may not greatly affect productivity of a certain industry-layout whilst similar disruptions can have devastating effects on another type and also, the impacts of disruption are dependent on the Industry-layouts.

Corner features extraction: underwater SLAM in structured environments

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a method to extract corner features for map building purposes in man-made structured underwater environments using the sliding-window technique. Design/methodology/approach – The sliding-window technique is used to extract corner features, and Mechanically Scanned Imaging Sonar (MSIS) is used to scan the environment for map building purposes. The tests were performed with real data collected in a swimming pool. Findings – The change in application environment and the use of MSIS present some important differences, which must be taken into account when dealing with acoustic data. These include motion-induced distortions, continuous data flow, low scan frequency and high noise levels. Only part of the data stored in each scan sector is important for feature extraction; therefore, a segmentation process is necessary to extract more significant information. To deal with continuous flow of data, data must be separated into 360° scan sectors. Although the vehicl...

The Effect of Unforeseen Disruption on Different Types of Manufacturing Industry-Layout

Consistency and on timely delivery are among some of the factors that can keep a customer loyal and committed to a manufacturing industry. Almost all manufacturing facilities need to use production scheduling systems to increase productivity, reduce production costs and time. Most manufacturing industries invest huge amount of money to manufacture and supply products on time in order to meet customers demand and objectives but due to unforeseen disruptions, these objectives are difficult to achieve. In Real-life, production operations are subject to a large number of unexpected disruptions that may invalidate an original schedule. Being able to cope or react to these disruptions determines a company’s out-put and profitability. Productivity expression and simulation models are employed to assist in determining operational characteristics and also by comparing results from undisrupted system with that which is disrupted. These proposed models are tested on different tile manufacturing industry lay-outs in CMR and it is demonstrated that the leading source of disruption varies with different industry-layout and geographical regions. The study revealed that, the most common cause of disruption are power failure, machine breakdown, advert whether and employees absenteeism).This can be concluded from an industrial engineering point of view that, disruption during tile manufacturing is the main cause of low productivity or out-put in CMR tile manufacturing industries.

The deterioration of production schedules during unforeseen disruptions

In most real-world environments, production scheduling is an ongoing process where the presence of a variety of unforeseen disruptions is usually inevitable, and continually forces reconsideration and revision of pre-established schedules. Many of the approaches developed to solve the problem of production scheduling are often unfeasible in real-world, and near-optimal schedules with respect to the estimated data may become obsolete when they are released to the production lines or shop floor. This paper outlines the impact of unforeseen disruptions that affect manufacturing systems during production, and being able to cope or react to this determines a companys output and profitability. The theories of multifactor productivity and line balancing are employed to determine how disruptions affect productivity output and the result reveals that when disruptions occur continuously with time, the total productivity output decreases as time goes on and, on the other hand, total production time increases and requires more resources to meet the planned capacity demand (PCD).

ANIMATED SIMULATION OF PILOT SOYA BEANS OIL PRODUCTION PROCESS PLANT

This project aims at designing a process layout for soya beans production process plant and simulated animation of the production of soya beans oil for the purpose of serving as teaching and training aids for industrial engineering students and newly employed unskilled labour. The work emphasizes the qualitative techniques involved in the determination of an optimal process layout for a soya beans oil production process plant. Detailed breakdown of the different processing requirements and sequences of operation obtained were used to produce process flow diagram. Diamond Grid chart and Rel Chart data presentation were used to evaluate the process layout through closeness and reason rating of machines. Block diagramming was used to visualize the amount of movement that occurs between machines. Machines were moved around for minimizing the distance travelled between them so as to reduce material handling and increase productivity. The process layout plan was designed from resulting block diagram with ArchiCAD. Autodesk Inventor was used to model the production process facilities and imported into Autodesk 3DS Max design where it was simulated, animated and rendered to obtain a clearly shown video describing the production of crude soya beans oil. The animation was tested and the result was satisfactory in training unskilled labours the processes entailed in the production of soya beans oil.