Seung-Kyu Baik

Study on Homopolar Superconductivity Synchronous Motors for Ship Propulsion Applications

Superconductivity synchronous motors compared with conventional motors can reduce the motor size and enhance the motor efficiency for low-speed and high torque applications under the space constraints for propulsion system. Especially, homopolar superconductivity synchronous motors (HSSMs) need less superconductor and lower magnetic flux density in superconductor field coil than air-cored superconductivity synchronous motors (ASSMs). In addition, mechanical structure is more simplified and stability is increased because the superconductor field coil of HSSMs is not rotated in operation. In this paper, we present the outline of HSSMs including structure, characteristics and operational principles with the conceptual design of HSSM.

Parametric Design for Superconducting Synchronous Motor With 3D Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Network Model

This paper proposes an effective parametric design for high temperature superconducting (HTS) synchronous motors with 3D equivalent magnetic circuit network (EMCN) method. Proposed design process consists of 5 steps which are electric design, mechanical design, characteristic analysis for field and armature, and motor characteristic analysis. Especially, in order to predict the performance of HTS synchronous motors, the variation of output power characteristics according to the variation of back electromotive force (BEMF) and inductance is analysed in electric design. Reliability of proposed design process and developed program is verified through the comparison of the results of commercial program using 3D finite element analysis (FEA) method.

Optimal Design of Superconducting Motor to Improve Power Density Using 3D EMCN and Response Surface Methodology

This paper proposes an effective design process for 1 MW HTS superconducting motor by using 3-dimensional equivalent magnetic circuit network method (3D EMCN) and response surface methodology (RSM). During the process, 3D EMCN is used with a simplified 3D analysis model to get electric parameters in short time. RSM is used for the motor optimal design to improve power density. The usefulness of this method is verified through the comparison of the performances of the optimal geometry and those of the initial geometry

Nondestructive Measurement of Critical Current Distribution of SmBCO Coated Conductor Using Hall Probe

The Hall probe measurement system was used to measure the critical current distribution of superconducting coated conductor. The system consists of reel to reel moving apparatus, 7 array Hall probe, a rotary encoder and permanent magnet. The magnetic field profile across the width of superconducting coated conductor using Beans critical state model was calculated. The effect of various parameters of the formulas on the magnetic field distribution and the effect of shape and size of artificial defects, which were formed on the surface of SmBa2Cu3O7-d(SmBCO) coated conductor using laser marking system, on the Hall probe magnetic field signal of the Hall probe measurement system was investigated.

Purification of the Coolant for Hot Roller by Superconducting Magnetic Separation

It is important to recycle industrial wastewater in the aspect of energy saving and minimizing the environment damage. Steel manufacture factories make an effort to purify and recycle wastewater from the manufacturing processes. A steel manufactory in Korea, POSCO (POhang iron and Steel COmpany) has also concerned about the treatment of wastewater for long time. The coolant of hot roller at steel making factory includes suspended solid (SS) like steel fines, iron oxide and emulsified oil. A laboratory-scale conduction cooled high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet was used for high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) systems. It consists of eight double-pancake sub-coils, two HTS current leads, a GM cryo-cooler and a cryostat without a radiation shield vessel. Sub coils were wound with 1 G HTS tapes of Sumitomo Electric Industries by wet-winding method. A Cryo-cooled high temperature superconducting magnet system with 70 mm room temperature bore and 250 mm of height was prepared. This magnet was used for batch type HGMS system. Superconducting HGMS system that had a purpose to purify the wastewater was assembled. Various magnetic seeding reactions were investigated to increase the reactivity of coagulation.

Purification of Wastewater From Paper Factory by Superconducting Magnetic Separation

It is environmentally important to recycle the wastewater, since paper factories use a large amount of water and equivalent amount of wastewater is generated. Conventional water treatment facilities like precipitation process need large-scale equipment and wide space to purify the wastewater of paper factory. In case of massive waste water, high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) parts are more effective to purify it rapidly and to occupy relatively small space, since large voids at filter with HGMS are adopted. In this respect, we prepared two types of superconducting magnets in order to apply HGMS parts for wastewater purification process. We made cryo-cooled Bi-2223 (HTS) superconducting magnet parts with room temperature bore in diameter of 70 mm and 200 mm in height. Also, cryo-cooled Nb-Ti superconducting magnet with room temperature bore in diameter of 100 mm and 600 mm in height was used for magnetic separator. Magnetic filters were designed by the analysis of magnetic field distribution at superconducting magnets. The faster wastewaters flow rate was, the worse the degree of clarity in treated water was. The ability of wastewater treatment in the case of magnetic separation used with 10 of magnetite particles was better than that in the case of 5 of magnetite particles.

Thermal Quench in HTS Double Pancake Race Track Coil

In large scale applications, such as SMES, motors and generators, High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) magnets are constructed with many stacks of the double-pancake coils connected in series. In spite of its higher thermal stability, HTS magnet can experience a severe quench, which can resulted from a very small portion. From HTS magnet design point of view, it is very important to predict the possibility of occurrence quench in the designed magnet to provide a suitable quench protection device. In this paper a highly instrumented HTS race track double-pancake coil was prepared to examine the quench development characteristics. It is wound using the Bi-2223 tape. Many voltage taps, cryogenic thermocouples and heater were installed in the winding. Conduction cooling method is adapted for the convenience of temperature. Quench development in the coil was measured under different operating current. The experimental details and results are presented in this paper.

Performance evaluation of HTS synchronous motor using finite element method

A 100 HP rated synchronous motor with superconducting rotating field winding has been designed based on the formulated equations established from 2 dimensional magnetic field distributions in a cylindrical coordinate. The cross-section was drawn based on calculated design results via Fortran program and then modeled with FEM (finite element method) to investigate the machine performances. First of all, the magnetic field distributions are analyzed in many ways according to the field directions and the armature currents. Especially after the rotating field winding is arranged with BSCCO-2223 high-temperature superconducting (HTS) pancake coils, the exerted magnetic field normally on the HTS tape is calculated through FEM. And the machine output power is calculated according to the torque angles that lie between the field and the armature main flux lines. Moreover, this paper includes the eddy-current loss variations of a copper damper located between the field and the armature coils. Finally, 3 dimensional magnetic field distribution is also calculated via FEM. The radial components of magnetic field are compared along the center line of an armature conductor section between 2 dimensional and 3 dimensional results. By the comparison we make sure that about 30% of machine output is added from the end effect of HTS field coil and more accurate design approach is possible.

Performance Analysis of a Superconducting Motor for Higher Efficiency Design

The superconducting motor shows several advantages such as smaller size and higher efficiency against conventional motor especially utilized in ship propulsion application. However, this size reduction merit appears in large capacity more than several MW. We are going to develop a 17-MW class synchronous motor with a rotating HTS (high-temperature superconducting) coil that is aimed to be utilized for ship propulsion, therefore it has a slow rotating speed of about 200 rpm. The ship propulsion motor must generate high electromagnetic torque instead of low-speed. Therefore, the rotor (field) coils have to generate large magnetic flux that results in large amounts of expensive HTS conductor for the field coil. In this paper, a 17-MW HTS motor for ship propulsion is designed with smaller manufacturing cost by HTS field coil length reduction because the HTS conductor cost is a critical factor in the construction cost of an HTS motor. Furthermore, the output performance of the machine is simulated based on the equivalent circuit model of the synchronous motor with back electromagnetic field values from three-dimensional magnetic field calculation. The simulation results are used to design higher efficiency motor.

Quench current improvement through shape modification of racetrack coil

Abstract Superconducting racetrack coils have different shapes from those of ordinary solenoid coils which have the same curvature along the windings. So they have different or worse performance from the viewpoint of quench characteristics due to the different structures. Racetrack coils also have round curvatures along their end portions; however, the main difference of their structures from solenoid coils exists in the straight portions. It is considered that the worse performance is due to the straight portions. In the round portions, there exists strong continuous constraint along the windings against the movement toward the perpendicular direction during coil excitation. On the contrary, in the straight portions, there is almost no constraining. As a result, especially in the case of dry magnet, they show even worse characteristics than solenoid counterparts. For the compensation of this worse performance, we proposed one idea to improve quench characteristics of racetrack coils. We manufactured one racetrack coil with an ordinary shape and the other with the proposed idea. By experiments we made sure that the proposed one had a higher quench current. Moreover, after we had made an application of the proposed idea to the four field coils of an actual 30 kVA superconducting generator, we could get very good output voltage and current waveforms.