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Featured researches published by Séverine Kirchner.


Environmental Research | 2011

Quantitative assessments of indoor air pollution and respiratory health in a population-based sample of French dwellings.

Cécile Billionnet; Séverine Kirchner; Bénédicte Leynaert; Isabella Annesi-Maesano

BACKGROUND Various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been related to respiratory health effects, but have generally been assessed individually without taking into account the fact that such pollutants are highly correlated to one other. AIMS We investigated the effects of exposure to various VOC, and considered their combined effect on adult asthma and rhinitis. METHOD A national cross-sectional representative survey conducted by the Indoor Air Quality Observatory objectively assessed 20 VOCs in 490 main dwellings in France. A standardized questionnaire determined the prevalence of asthma and rhinitis among 1012 inhabitants of the dwellings (≥ 15 years). Marginal models for binary outcome were used to relate VOCs exposure to asthma and rhinitis, controlling for potential confounders. A global score representing the number of VOCs in each dwelling with an elevated concentration (using the 3(rd) quartile value of the distribution as a threshold value) was then derived as a measure of the combined effect of VOCs. Specific scores were built using a similar approach, grouping VOCs by family. RESULTS Asthma (8.6%) was significantly associated with N-undecane and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene and rhinitis (38.3%) with ethylbenzene, trichloroethylene, m/p- and o-xylene. The global VOC score was associated with a significant risk of asthma and rhinitis (odds ratio (OR) of 1.40 and 1.22, respectively, for 5 additional VOCs with high exposure level). Both specific scores for aromatic hydrocarbons and aliphatic hydrocarbons were associated with a significantly risk of asthma (OR=1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.24 and OR=1.41; 95% CI=1.03-1.93, respectively). The specific VOC score for halogenated hydrocarbons was associated with a significant risk of rhinitis (OR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.07-1.54). CONCLUSION We have shown that high concentrations of VOCs in homes were associated with an increasing prevalence of asthma and rhinitis in adults.


International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health | 2013

Positive associations between respiratory outcomes and fungal index in rural inhabitants of a representative sample of French dwellings.

M. Hulin; Stéphane Moularat; Séverine Kirchner; Enric Robine; Corinne Mandin; Isabella Annesi-Maesano

Our study aims at estimating exposure to molds at home, based on microbial Volatile Organic Compounds (MVOCs) assessment, and evaluating its effect on respiratory diseases in a representative sample of dwellings. In the framework of a national campaign, indoor pollution was monitored in a sample of the 24 million dwellings of metropolitan France (n=567). 727 subjects answered to a standardized questionnaire on respiratory diseases and had MVOCs sampled in their bedrooms and a fungal index (FI) defined. Among the 431 dwellings with complete data, one out of three was contaminated by molds as assessed by a positive FI: 27.0% in urban, 38.2% in periurban and 34.9% in rural dwellings respectively. Positive associations were observed between fungal index and current asthma (8.6%) and chronic bronchitis-like symptoms (8.4%), especially in rural areas (OR=2.95, 95%CI (1.10; 7.95) and 3.35, 95%CI (1.33; 8.48) respectively). Our study, based on objective assessments of fungal contamination, is in agreement with previous results suggesting mold-related respiratory effects. Moreover associations found among rural population could indicate specific pollution and impact in this environment.


Human and Ecological Risk Assessment | 2010

Children's Indoor Leisure Activities in France: Time Budget Data for Indoor Air Risk Assessment

Marie-Thérèse Guillam; Nadège Thomas; Vincent Nedellec; Mickael Derbez; Séverine Kirchner; Gaëlle Pédrono; Claire Segala

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the time spent by children (0– 18 years old) in indoor places of leisure and also day-care centers. The sampling scheme was stratified by geographic region and size of town. This study was performed from September 2005 to March 2006. Families were asked to complete a diary by phone on their childrens activities during the last week of school and the last week of a vacation period. The time spent in each place was then extrapolated for the winter period. We then evaluated the overall attendance and time (means and quartiles) spent by all of the children, and by those of children attending places. Information was collected on 2780 children. Gymnasiums were frequented the most (52.3% during the winter period) and were the places in which children spend the greatest amount of time (average: 19 min/day). Other places frequented the most included bars/restaurants (46.5%; average: 9 min/day), cinemas/theaters (42.2%; average: 10 min/day), and indoor pools (25.4%; average: 12 min/day). Our results should help in the prioritization of specific projects investigating exposure in children during indoor leisure activities and the evaluation of the risks associated with air pollutants in these places.


Environnement Risques & Sante | 2008

Création de la Société française de santé et environnement

Denis Bard; Pierre-André Cabanes; Alain Grimfeld; Francelyne Marano; Séverine Kirchner

Auteur(s) : Denis Bard, Pierre-Andre Cabanes, Alain Grimfeld, Francelyne Marano, Severine Kirchner Institutionnalisee par la creation d’une agence nationale (l’Afsse, devenue l’Afsset1) en 2001, la sante environnementale est aujourd’hui un champ d’expertise reconnu pour lequel des formations universitaires initiales existent. De nombreuses autres agences ou institutions (Afssa, InVS, Ineris, CSTB, INRS, IRSN2 et d’autres encore) contribuent a des degres divers a ce champ d’expertise, [...]


Pollution atmosphérique | 1970

Indicateur lumineux du confinement de l’air intérieur : suivi expérimental dans 70 salles de classe

Claire Dassonville; Corinne Mandin; Jacques Ribéron; Guillaume Wyart; Olivier Ramalho; Séverine Kirchner

Dans les salles de classe, il est necessaire de renouveler l’air pendant la presence des enfants pour eviter un confinement de l’air trop important pouvant etre a l’origine d’effets sanitaires et d’une baisse de performance des ecoliers. En l’absence de systeme mecanique de ventilation, ce renouvellement de l’air necessite une ouverture reguliere des ouvrants, en veillant toutefois a limiter l’exposition aux contraintes exterieures (bruit, froid, etc.). Afin d’optimiser cette ouverture, le Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB) a mis au point, dans le cadre du programme scientifique de l’Observatoire de la Qualite de l’Air Interieur (OQAI), un indicateur lumineux du confinement de l’air interieur, base sur la mesure en continu du dioxyde de carbone et un affichage tricolore immediat. Il permet ainsi d’alerter l’enseignant sur l’etat de confinement dans la salle de classe en temps reel. Cet indicateur a ete deploye dans 70 salles de classes d’ecoles maternelles et elementaires de trois regions francaises aux climats contrastes, de fevrier a juin 2010. L’etude a montre la bonne appropriation de cet outil par les enseignants. Neanmoins, des freins a l’aeration par ouverture des fenetres subsistent encore, tout comme l’arret de l’indicateur lumineux conduit rapidement a un retour aux pratiques qui precedaient son utilisation. En tout etat de cause, l’utilisation de l’indicateur lumineux a montre une reduction du confinement de l’air interieur (diminution de l’indice de confinement ICONE de 0,5 a 1,5 point). A ce titre, et meme s’il ne constitue pas une solution adaptee a toutes les situations et toutes les personnes, cet outil fait partie des moyens aujourd’hui disponibles de sensibilisation vis-a-vis de la qualite de l’air interieur dans les lieux d’enseignement.


Atmospheric Environment | 2008

Size distribution and emission rate measurement of fine and ultrafine particle from indoor human activities

Evelyne Gehin; Olivier Ramalho; Séverine Kirchner


Atmospheric Environment | 2005

Performances of the Radiello® diffusive sampler for BTEX measurements: Influence of environmental conditions and determination of modelled sampling rates

Anne Pennequin-Cardinal; Hervé Plaisance; Nadine Locoge; Olivier Ramalho; Séverine Kirchner; Jean-Claude Galloo


Building and Environment | 2014

Indoor air quality and comfort in seven newly built, energy-efficient houses in France

Mickael Derbez; Bruno Berthineau; Valérie Cochet; Murielle Lethrosne; Cécile Pignon; Jacques Ribéron; Séverine Kirchner


Talanta | 2005

Dependence on sampling rates of Radiello® diffusion sampler for BTEX measurements with the concentration level and exposure time

Anne Pennequin-Cardinal; Hervé Plaisance; Nadine Locoge; Olivier Ramalho; Séverine Kirchner; Jean-Claude Galloo


Environnement Risques & Sante | 2007

État de la qualité de l’air dans les logements français

Séverine Kirchner; Jean-François Arenes; Christian Cochet; Mickael Derbez; Cédric Duboudin; Patrick Elias; Anthony Gregoire; Béatrice Jédor; Jean-Paul Lucas; Nathalie Pasquier; Michèle Pigneret; Olivier Ramalho

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Frédéric Dor

Institut de veille sanitaire

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