Shahrakbah Yacob

Reduction of Methane Released from Palm Oil Mill Lagoon in Malaysia and Its Countermeasures

Palm oil industry in Malaysia is one of the potential candidates for the CDM project because large amount of methane is emitted from the lagoons and open digesting tank of the wastewater treatment system. Therefore the first objective of the project is to investigate the actual GHG emission from the lagoons and open digesting tank in palm oil mills in order to establish the baseline for CDM project. Results indicated that methane contribution to biogas released from the open digesting tank and lagoon systems were 35% and 45%, respectively. These values are much lower than the reported value of 65% obtained by complete anaerobic condition of lab-scale experiments. Based on actual methane release measurement and information gathered from palm oil mill about wastewater treatment, significant amount of methane emission to the atmosphere can be reduced with the installation of new closed digesting tank system converted from the open digesting tank such as just by covering it with applying CDM. It is estimated that a total of RM2.6 million could be obtained from the selling of electricity generated from biogas generation and Certified Emission Reduction(CER).

Kitchen Refuse Fermentation

Controlled fermentation has been used for kitchen waste treatment. The most important factors affecting methane production from kitchen waste is organic loading rate and hydraulic detention time. Two main types of fermentation of kitchen waste are natural fermentation and controlled fermentation. The fermentation products are poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and poly-lactate (PLA).