Shaiful Rizal Masrol

Green Strength Optimization in Metal Injection Molding Applicable with a Taguchi Method L9 (3)4

Recently Metal injection molding is selected as a vital process in producing large amount of small part with complex geometry and intricate shape. This process is lead to solve cost effective issue in manufacturing fields. Feedstock composition behavior categorized as one of impact factor in determines the victories in metal injection molding process. Thus this paper is focused on optimizing the strength of green part by applied Taguchi Method L9 (34) as optimization tools during injection process. The composition of feedstock is 55% powder loading (PL) were injected by injection molding machine .Several injection parameter were optimized such as injection temperature (A), barrel temperature (B), injection pressure (C) and Speed (D) The results analyzed by using Signal to Noise Ratio (S/N ratio) terms. The highest green strength is A2, B2, C2, and D2

Soda Anthraquinone Pulping of Oil Palm Male Flower Spikes

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). The evaluation of the pulping process was studied based on the chemical Soda Anthraquinone pulping process. 60 gsm papersheet of oil palm male flower spikes were prepared from unbeaten and unbleached OPMFS Soda-AQ pulp. All optical, physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to TAPPI and MS ISO standards. OPMFS pulp recorded value of 6.42 s, 353 ml, 76.5 %, 36.7 % and 9.35 for drainage time, freeness, moisture content, screened yield percentage and Kappa number respectively. OPMFS paper sheet recorded value of 56.99 g/m2, 131.11 µm and 0.43 g/m3 for grammage, bulking thickness and apparent bulk density respectively. Unbleached OPMFS paper also recorded 26.49 % and 43.50 % for brightness and opacity. For mechanical characteristics, OPMFS paper recorded 39.10 N.m/g, 8.32 mN.m2/g, 3.15 kPa.m2/g and 38.50 for tensile index, tear index, burst index and folding endurance (no.) respectively. This research demonstrate some potential characteristics of oil palm male flower spikes (OPMFS) paper to be investigated as a newly explored non-wood based raw material for papermaking.

Effect of beating process to soda anthraquinone pulp of oil palm male flower spikes fibre

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of beating process to the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). OPMFS pulp was prepared according to chemical Soda-AQ pulping process. 60 gsm handsheet of oil palm male flower spikes paper were prepared from OPMFS pulp with four different beating times which are 0 revolution, 1000 revolutions, 2000 revolutions and 3000 revolutions. All physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to TAPPI and MS ISO standards. The results show that overall physical and mechanical characteristics of POMFS paper were influenced and enhanced by beating process between 0 until 3000 revolutions. This research demonstrate some potential characteristics of palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS) paper to be investigated as a newly explored non-wood based raw material for papermaking raw material for papermaking.

Optimisation of Processing Condition Using Taguchi Method on Warpage for HDPE-Clay Composite

Injection molding is one of the most important processes in manufacturing nowadays. Thus, attention must be give towards the optimization of the product defects. Parameters have been chosen by screening tests to improve the process quality. The main purpose of this study is to optimize the processing condition using Taguchi Method on shrinkage for HDPE-Clay specimen. The experiment starts by preparing the mixture between HDPE and clay. Then, screening test is conducted to obtain the parameters. The parameters are melt temperature, injection speed, injection pressure and cooling time. By using the array orthogonal L9 (34), signal to noise ratio and ANOVA were conducted. Based on the S / N ratio analysis, best combination can be produced for warpage (melt temperature: 190°C, injection speed: 40%, injection pressure: 30% and cooling time: 3 seconds). While for ANOVA, melt temperature is most significant with 60.28% for warpage.

Effects of Soda-Anthraquinone Pulping Variables on the Durian Rind Pulp and Paper Characteristics: A Preliminary Test

Good combination of pulping variables is required to obtain the quality pulp and paper characteristics. Thus, in this preliminary work, naturally dried durian rind were pulped under Soda-Anthraquinone (Soda-AQ) pulping process with 18% to 22% alkali charge, 0% to 0.1% Anthraquinone (AQ) charge, 90 minutes to 150 minutes of cooking time and 150°C to 170°C to investigate the effect of pulping variables on the characteristics of the pulp and paper. Pulping condition with 0% of AQ charge was also conducted for comparison. Results indicated that the best screen yield percentage, reject yield percentage, freeness, drainage time, tear index, number of folds and optical properties were shown by the pulp produced with combination of the highest active alkali (22%), AQ charge (0.1%), cooking time (150 minutes) and cooking temperature (170°C) except apparent density, tensile index and burst index. This preliminary result shows that the optimum quality of durian rind pulp as a potential papermaking raw material pulp could be produced by selecting the good combination of pulping variables which influences the pulp and paper characteristics.

Soda-Anthraquinone Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr.) Rind Linerboard and Corrugated Medium Paper: A Preliminary Test

A preliminary test was conducted to investigate the characteristics of linerboard and corrugated medium paper made from durian rind waste. Naturally dried durian rinds were pulped according to Soda-Anthraquinone (Soda-AQ) pulping process with a condition of 20% active alkali, 0.1% AQ, 7:1 liquor to material ratio, 120 minutes cooking time and 170°C cooking temperature. The linerboard and corrugated medium paper with a basis weight of 120 gsm were prepared and evaluated according to Malaysian International Organization for Standardization (MS ISO) and Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI). The results indicate that the characteristics of durian rind linerboard are comparable with other wood or non-wood based paper and current commercial paper. However, low CMT value for corrugated medium and water absorptiveness quality for linerboard could be improved in future. Based on the bulk density (0.672 g/cm3), burst index (3.12 kPa.m2/g) and RCT (2.00 N.m2/g), the durian rind has shown a good potential and suitable as an alternative raw material source for linerboard industry.

Hand-Arm Vibration of Unskilled Oil Palm Motorised Cutter Operator

The portable petrol driven oil palm motorised cutter or CANTAS has been identified as a type of machine that generates hand-arm vibration. These vibrations can cause complex vascular, neurological and musculoskeletal disorder known as hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) when over exposure of daily usage. The objective of this study is to investigate the vibration level at different angles during the operational of the CANTAS including idle and full throttle conditions. The CANTAS vibration experiments were carried out at a farm in Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor. A student participated as the unskilled worker and was assisted by two technical staffs to conduct the vibration measurements. The measurement was taken during the operations of cutting first fronds, second fronds and a fruit bunch during idle and full throttle conditions and by varying the inclination angle. The inclinations of cutting angle were varied from 45º, 60º and 75º. The hand-arm vibration value, ahv achieved 10.93 ±1.2 m/s2 and 7.94 ± 1.0 m/s2 for unskilled user during operation of two bunches and one pruning frond for all angles at point 1 and point 2 handle respectively. Mean vibration values at both point of handles resulted in vibration values of 10.12±3.8m/s2 at 450, 9.15±3.0m/s2 at 600 and 9.03±1.8m/s2 at 750. Increasing the angle overall results in decreasing the level of vibration at both handle points.

Stress Concentration Analysis of Plate with Circular Hole: Elasticity Theory and Finite Element Comparison

Stress concentration factor for a plate with circular free stress hole subjected to a uniform far field tension in single direction was investigated in this study. The stress concentration level along X and Y axis was determined by the elasticity theoretical method. Finite element analysis using LISA free source software was validated by the elasticity theoretical results. It was found that finite element analysis stress concentration factor results shows similar pattern as theoretical but higher near of the hole. Plain strain analysis with Quad 8 element type showed better results compared to plain stress with Quad 4 element type and plain strain with Quad 4 element type.

Vibration analysis of unbalanced and misaligned rotor system using laser vibrometer

Rotor unbalance and shaft misalignment are common major concerns in rotating system. In this study, vibration analysis for unbalanced rotor and misaligned shaft components using non-contact laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) were examined. The vibration acceleration magnitude (m/s2) and FFT spectrum from the both fault detections were recorded by the portable laser Doppler vibrometer and analysed by the vibration analysis software. The result shows that combination of unbalance and parallel misalignment fault conditions can produce higher vibration thus reduce the life span of the rotor system. In this case, the unbalance fault condition combined with parallel misaligned rotor gave highest vibration magnitude followed by simply unbalanced rotor and parallel misalignment fault only. This experiment shows that the non-contact method has successfully detected the unbalance and parallel misalignment fault in the rotor system.