Shama Campbell

Estimated Generation of Freight Trips Based on Land Use

The effects of land use and business size (quantified as number of employees) on freight trip generation were analyzed. Standard trip generation rates, ordinary least squares, and multiple classification analysis were applied to a New York City data set. Three land use classification codes—the City of New York zoning resolution (NYCZR), the Land-Based Classification Standards (LBCS), and the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) manual—were used. The authors developed models for NYCZR and function and activity of LBCS and used the ITE manuals trip rates. Root mean square error analysis was used to compare the performance of these models. It was found that models for NYCZR and LBCS land use classification codes provide better alternatives to ITE trip rates because they give more accurate estimates of freight trip attraction, cover a wider range of land use classifications, and are exclusively for freight trip attraction.

Transferability of Freight Trip Generation Models

The main objectives of this paper are to assess and define ways to enhance the transferability of freight trip generation (FTG) models. After the key premises that should guide the development of FTG models have been presented, the paper assesses transferability in two ways. The first is through analyses of how well representative FTG models are able to estimate the actual FTG for a number of external validation cases. The second is through FTG econometric models that assess the statistical significance of binary variables that represent specific geographic locations. In addition, the paper introduces and assesses the accuracy of a synthetic correction procedure that is intended to improve the transfer-ability and quality of the estimates provided by the FTG rates available in the literature. The results show that the models developed as part of the National Cooperative Freight Research Programs Project 25, Freight Trip Generation and Land Use, have better prediction capabilities than the models included in other compilations. In addition, the synthetic correction procedures improve transferability, and no locational effects are present in the test data.

Freight Generation and Freight Trip Generation Models

This chapter provides an overview of freight generation (FG) and freight trip generation (FTG) modeling for urban areas. To this effect, the authors discuss the literature, propose a logistical interpretation of FG and FTG, summarize the key factors for effective FG and FTG modeling, and describes the FTG models developed for New York City. The chapter concludes with statements of conclusions.

Fostering the Use of Unassisted Off-Hour Deliveries: Operational and Low-Noise Truck Technologies

The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the technologies available for use in unassisted off-hour deliveries (i.e., deliveries made outside of regular business hours without the presence of receiving staff). The focus is on technologies that monitor and provide access, on some level, to the establishment and those that lessen or eliminate the noise created by delivery trucks and equipment. This paper also touches on the costs and benefits to companies that use unassisted off-hour deliveries and, ultimately, the question of who should cover the costs of the technologies. This issue is tied to the discussion of policy implications and how the public sector can help increase the adoption of these delivery programs.

Freight Trip Generation and Land Use

This report provides a comprehensive discussion of how the freight system, and specifically freight trip generation and land use, relate. The report consolidates available freight trip generation models in an electronic database to assist practitioners interested in using these models; identifies the most appropriate approaches to develop and apply freight trip generation models; and estimates establishment-level freight trip generation models in a number of case studies. The case studies confirm the superiority of economic classification systems over standard land use classification systems as the foundation for estimating freight trip generation.

The New York City Off-Hour Delivery Program: A Business and Community-Friendly Sustainability Program

The New York City Off-Hour Delivery (NYC OHD) program is the work of a private-public-academic partnership—a collaborative effort of leading private-sector groups and companies, public-sector agencies led by the New York City Department of Transportation, and research partners led by Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. The efforts of this partnership have induced more than 400 commercial establishments in NYC to accept OHD without supervision. The economic benefits are considerable: the carriers have reduced operational costs and parking fines by 45 percent; the receivers enjoy more reliable deliveries, enabling them to reduce inventory levels; the truck drivers have less stress, shorter work hours, and easier deliveries and parking; the delivery trucks produce 55–67 percent less emissions than they would during regular-hour deliveries, for a net reduction of 2.5 million tons of CO2 per year; and citizens’ quality of life increases as a result of reduced conflicts between delivery trucks, cars, bicycles, an...

Vehicle-Trip Estimation Models

This chapter discusses the techniques available for estimation of vehicle trips, both loaded and empty, using the output of commodity-based models. To this effect, the chapter analyses the interconnections between mode and vehicle choice and the generation of loaded trips. In doing this, the chapter establishes the importance of producing solid estimates of the average amount of cargo that they transport. The chapter critically reviews the methodologies available for estimation of empty trips, analyses the empirical evidence, and produces a set of recommendations intended to help practitioners and researchers select the most appropriate modelling techniques. The chapter ends with concluding remarks.