Shankare Gowda

Application of hydrazinium monoformate as new hydrogen donor with Raney nickel: a facile reduction of nitro and nitrile moieties

Abstract The nitro groups in aliphatic and aromatic nitrocompounds also containing reducible substituents such as ethene, acid, phenol, halogen, ester etc., are rapidly reduced at room temperature to corresponding amines by employing hydrazinium monoformate, a new hydrogen donor, in the presence of Raney nickel. It was observed that the nitrile function also undergoes reduction to methylamine (–CH 2 –NH 2 ). Hydrazinium monoformate is a more effective donor than hydrazine or formic acid and reduction of nitro and nitrile groups occurs without hydrogenolysis in the presence of low cost Raney nickel, compared to expensive metals like palladium, platinum or ruthenium. The reduction is reasonably fast, clean and high yielding.

Reductive cleavage of azo compounds catalyzed by commercial zinc dust using ammonium formate or formic acid

Abstract Azo compounds, both symmetric and unsymmetric, are cleaved to amine(s) by using commercial zinc dust and ammonium formate or formic acid in methanol, tetrahydrofuran or dioxane at room temperature. The reductive cleavage occurs without hydrogenolysis or hydrogenation of reducible moieties, such as -OH, -CH 3 , -OCH 3 , -COOH, -COCH 3 , halogen, etc. The cleavage is very fast, clean, cost effective and high-yielding if compared with earlier methods, such as those using cyclohexene/5% Pd on asbestos, cyclohexene/10% Pd C or hydrazine/10% Pd C or Raney nickel.

Nickel-Catalyzed Formic Acid Reductions. A Selective Method for the Reduction of Nitro Compounds

Abstract Aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds were selectively reduced to their corresponding amino derivatives in good yields using formic acid and raney nickel. This system is found to be compatible with several sensitive functionalities such as halogens, -OH, -OCH3, -CHO, -COCH3, -COC6H5, -COOH, -COOC2H5, -CONH2, -CN, -CH=CH-COOH, -NHCOCH3. The reduction can be carrid out not only with HCOOH but also with HCOONH4.

Hydrazinium Monoformate: A New Hydrogen Donor. Selective Reduction of Nitrocompounds Catalyzed by Commercial Zinc Dust

Abstract The nitro group in aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds also containing reducible substituents such as ethene, nitrile, acid, phenol, halogen, ester, etc., are selectively and rapidly reduced at room temperature to corresponding amines in good yields by employing hydrazinium monoformate, in the presence of commercial zinc dust. It was observed that, hydrazinium monoformate is more effective than hydrazine or formic acid and reduction of nitro group occurs without hydrogenolysis in the low cost zinc dust compared to expensive metals like palladium.

MAGNESIUM/HYDRAZINIUM MONOFORMATE: A NEW HYDROGENATION SYSTEM FOR THE SELECTIVE REDUCTION OF NITRO COMPOUNDS

ABSTRACT The nitro group in aliphatic and aromatic nitro compounds, which also contain reducible substituents such as alkenes, nitriles, carboxylic acids, phenols, halogens, esters, etc., is selectively and rapidly reduced at room temperature to the corresponding amine in good yield by employing hydrazinium monoformate in the presence of magnesium powder. It was observed that, hydrazinium monoformate is more effective than hydrazine or formic acid or ammonium formate and reduction of the nitro group occurs without hydrogenolysis in the presence of low-cost magnesium compared to expensive metals like palladium, platinum, ruthenium, etc.

Application of Lead and Ammonium Formate as a New System for the Synthesis of Azo Compounds

Aromatic nitro compounds containing additional reducible substituents such as acid, phenol, halogen, ester functions are reduced to the corresponding symmetrically substituted azo compounds by employing lead and ammonium formate in methanol or tetrahydrofuran or dioxane medium at reflux temperature. The conversion Occurs without hydrogenolysis or hydrogenation of -Cl. -OCH3, -OC2H5, -CO2H. moieties, which are prone to undergo reduction. The conversion is reasonably fast. clean and high yielding.

Reductive cleavage of azo compounds catalysed by commercial zinc dust and hydrazinium monoformate as a new hydrogen donor for heterogeneous catalytic transfer hydrogenation

Azo compounds are reductively cleaved to amine/s at reflux temperature within 15 min by employing less expensive commercial zinc dust and hydrazinium monoformate, a new hydrogen donor for catalytic transfer hydrogenation.

Magnesium-catalysed cost effective and rapid reductive cleavage of azo compounds using ammonium formate †

Azo compounds, both symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted, are reduced to the corresponding amine/s with low cost magnesium powder using ammonium formate within 20 minutes.

Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Azo Compounds to Hydrazo Compounds Using Inexpensive Commercial Zinc Dust and Hydrazinium Monoformate

Azo compounds are conveniently reduced to hydrazo compounds by using commercial zinc dust and hydrazinium monoformate at room temperature. Many reducible and hydrogenolysable groups like OCH3, OC2H5, OH, COOH, CH3, SO3Na and halogens are tolerated. The reduction is fast, clean, high‐yielding and inexpensive.