Sharon Zumbrunn

Conversations with Leaders: Principles of Effective Writing Instruction.

Findings from research demonstrate that student writing proficiency and classroom writing instruction is a national concern (Applebee & Langer, 2006, 2009; Graham, Harris, Fink-Chorzempa, & MacArthur, 2003; Persky, Daane, & Jin, 2003). This qualitative study explored principles of effective writing instruction through the perspectives of leading authorities in the field of writing. Five major themes of effective writing instruction emerged: (1) Effective writing instructors realize the impact of their own writing beliefs, experiences, and practices; (2) Effective writing instruction encourages student motivation and engagement; (3) Effective writing instruction begins with clear and deliberate planning, but is also flexible; (4) Effective writing instruction and practice happens every day; and (5) Effective writing instruction is a scaffolded collaboration between teachers and students. This article summarizes recommendations for best practices in the writing classroom.