Sharyn Hunter

Conceptualization of an evidence-based smartphone innovation for caregivers and persons living with dementia

Recent statistics released by Alzheimers Disease International has highlighted how prevalent dementia will become in the next couple of years. Along with the increased incidence of individuals being diagnosed with dementia, there has also been an increment in the number of informal carers for people living with dementia. A recent report highlighted that in Australia, there are an estimated of 200,000 informal carers as of 2011. Caring for people who are living with dementia is not an easy task. Previous studies have highlighted that as much as 65% of caregivers do experience symptoms suggestive of depressive symptoms in the process of care. With the rapid advances in technology, it is of no surprise that information technology and its related innovations have been used in dementia care. A review of the existing literature shows that much of these innovations are focused on the care of patients affiliated with dementia. However, clearly interventions focusing on the needs of the dementia cohort of patient are limited. There are currently more emerging studies demonstrating the efficacy of web-based interventional toolkits for carers who are caring for individuals with dementia. Whilst there are previous studies demonstrating the effectiveness of smartphone interventions for dementia patients, there remains a paucity of smartphone based interventions for caregivers who are living with people with dementia. This technical note describes the conceptualization of an evidence based smartphone intervention for patients living with dementia, as well as for carers of these patients.

The Professional Development Needs of Registered Nurses in Residential Aged Care

This paper reports on research which used a multiple-case study approach to investigate the responses of aged care nurses to changes in Australian health care policy following the introduction of the Aged Care Act 1997. Significant fiscal, social and environmental issues for Residential Aged Care (RAC) are the: need to respond to policy changes emphasizing efficiency in RAC facilities, nature of the needs of residents with increasing acuity, impact of decreasing numbers of Registered Nurses (RNs) working in the RAC environment, changing composition of the care team and RAC RN functions. The study explored the phenomenon of the contemporary practice of (RNs) within six RAC settings, focusing on changes in the practice of RNs. As a result of the research a number of issues pertinent to staff and role development of RNs were identified.

Pain Assessment and Management for Older Patients with Dementia in Hospitals: An Integrative Literature Review

Abstract: Previous studies have suggested that pain in older people with dementia is often underestimated and undertreated in acute hospitals. Undermanaged pain negatively affects a persons recovery and prolongs hospital stays. However, the issues related to pain assessment and management by nurses for this group have not been fully understood. (1) To synthesize evidence about pain assessment and management for older people with dementia in hospital settings, and (2) to discuss implications for nurses and their practice. Integrative literature review. A systematic search of evidence‐based research from six electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, ProQuest, Cochrane, JBI, and Scopus) was conducted for the period of 2006‐2016. Following Coopers integrative review framework and a systematic screening process, the articles included were analyzed and synthesized to identify the common issues and relationships. Fourteen empirical research articles were examined and synthesized. Two main categories were identified and include: the nursing practice of pain assessment in older patients with dementia is less than optimal, and the nursing practice of pain management for this group varies. The lack of initiation of pain assessment and use of pain assessment tools may contribute to the inadequate pain management by nurses. Whereas this review uncovered the extent and challenges related to pain assessment and management, previous studies were explorative and descriptive. The findings from the review provide nurses with an opportunity to establish empirical evidence that may improve nursing practice of pain assessment and management for older people with dementia in hospital settings.

The Association between Age, Comorbidities and Use of Radiotherapy in Women with Breast Cancer: Implications for Survival

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in the management and survival of patients with breast cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the association between age, comorbidities and use of RT in this population. Methods: Patients diagnosed with breast cancer from 2004–2013 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Cancer Database (NCDB). Follow-up time was measured from the date of diagnosis (baseline) to the date of death or censoring. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used as the measure of association. Results: Independently of comorbidities and other important outcome-related factors, patients >65 years of age who received RT survived significantly longer than those who did not receive RT (aHR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.52–0.54). However, as women aged, those with comorbidities were less likely to receive RT (adjusted p-trend by age < 0.0001). Conclusions: The development of decision-making tools to assist clinicians, and older women with breast cancer and comorbidities, are needed to facilitate personalized treatment plans regarding RT. This is particularly relevant as the population ages and the number of women with breast cancer is expected to increase in the near future.

Experiences of older people following the introduction of consumer-directed care to home care packages: A qualitative descriptive study

To explore the experiences of older people receiving home care package (HCP) support following the introduction of consumer‐directed care (CDC) by the Australian government on 1 July 2015.

Qualitative insights into the experience of pain in older Australian women with arthritis

To explore qualitative insights into the pain experience of older women with quantitatively derived pain profiles.

Moving on from adversity: an understanding of resilience in rural Thai older people

ABSTRACT Objective: This study explored the concept of resilience in rural Thai older people. Method: The study was exploratory and descriptive in design. Ethnographic fieldwork was undertaken in four rural Thai communities. Non-participant observation (340 h) and 35 semi-structured interviews with older people enabled the collection of qualitative data. Nvivo 10 was used to collate and organise the qualitative data. Data analysis was conducted thematically. Results: One major core theme and five qualitative sub-themes emerged from the data related to the theoretical construct of rural Thai elders’ resilience. The subthemes of the core theme ‘moving on’ include: (1) keep doing a job and earning a living; (2) having Jai-Yai to fight for life; (3) accepting a situation (Plong and Taam-Jai); (4) expressing difficulty; and (5) connecting with people, beliefs and customs. Conclusion: The concept of ‘moving on’ provides a subcultural viewpoint of older rural Thai people in the face of adversity in their everyday lives. Previous conceptions of resilience and older people focus on it being bouncing back from adversity. Bouncing back implies a setback, whereas ‘moving on’ found in this study is the process of continuous movement forward and getting on with ones life despite difficulties.