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Dive into the research topics where Shawn D. Balding is active.

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Featured researches published by Shawn D. Balding.


Journal of Dermatological Science | 1998

Analysis of antigens targeted by circulating IgG and IgA autoantibodies in 50 patients with cicatricial pemphigoid.

Hector Murakami; Shoji Nishioka; Jane Setterfield; B. Bhogal; M.M. Black; Detlef Zillikens; Kim B. Yancey; Shawn D. Balding; George J. Giudice; Luis A. Diaz; Takeji Nishikawa; Chie Kiyokawa; Takashi Hashimoto

In this study we investigated sera from 50 typical cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) patients. By indirect immunofluorescence on 1 M NaCl-split human skin sections, IgG of 17 sera and IgA of 22 sera reacted with the epidermal side of the split, while IgG of two sera reacted with the dermal side. These latter two sera were later confirmed to be anti-epiligrin CP. By immunoblotting of epidermal extracts, IgG of 14 sera reacted with the 230 kD bullous pemphigoid (BP) antigen (BP230). IgG of 15 sera and IgA of 11 sera reacted with the 180 kD BP antigen (BP180). Interestingly, a bacterial fusion protein containing the BP180 NC16a domain was recognized by IgG of 18 sera but not by IgA of any sera. Fusion proteins containing the C-terminal region of BP180 were recognized by IgG of 20 sera, but it was detected by IgA of only two sera. Our results suggest that, although CP sera show very low titers of autoantibodies, a considerable number of sera contain IgG antibodies to BP180 (either NC16a or C-terminal domain), confirming previous studies. In addition, we showed that greater numbers of IgA antibodies react with BP180, seemingly with different types of epitopes from those for IgG antibodies. Because the specificity of IgG antibodies is not very different from those in BP, IgA antibodies may play a specific role for the development of characteristic clinical features in CP. Future studies should elucidate the pathogenic role of the IgA antibodies in CP.


Vision Research | 1998

L-cone pigment genes expressed in normal colour vision

Stacy A. Sjoberg; Maureen Neitz; Shawn D. Balding; Jay Neitz

To directly test the hypothesis that only two pigment genes are expressed from the X-chromosome array, we examined expressed M and L pigment gene sequences from > 100 male eye donors. In this sample, there were eight men who expressed high levels of more than one L pigment gene in addition to M pigment genes. The fact that these eyes expressed both L and M pigment genes at significant levels suggests they were from men with normal colour vision. We reject the hypothesis that only two pigment genes from one X-chromosome array can be expressed.


Visual Neuroscience | 2006

Topography of long- and middle-wavelength sensitive cone opsin gene expression in human and Old World monkey retina

Maureen Neitz; Shawn D. Balding; Carrie McMahon; Stacy A. Sjoberg; Jay Neitz

The topographical distributions of the relative ratio of long- (L) and middle- (M) wavelength sensitive cone opsin messenger RNA (mRNA) in human and baboon retinas were mapped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The L:M mRNA ratio increased in a central-to-peripheral gradient in both species, being quite pronounced for humans.


Vision Research | 1998

Pigment gene expression in protan color vision defects

Shawn D. Balding; Stacy A. Sjoberg; Jay Neitz; Maureen Neitz

We screened 150 male eye donors and identified four who did not have or express L pigment genes, consistent with each of them having a congenital protan color vision defect. One donor was identified as a protanope because he had and expressed a single X-chromosome photopigment gene that encoded an M pigment. Three were categorized as protanomalous because each expressed significant levels of genes specifying two spectrally different M pigments. The first gene in each of the protanomalous arrays was expressed the most and encoded an M pigment that differed in amino acid sequence from M pigments in color normal men.


Journal of Investigative Dermatology | 1997

Tight Clustering of Extracellular BP180 Epitopes Recognized by Bullous Pemphigoid Autoantibodies

Detlef Zillikens; Pamela A. Rose; Shawn D. Balding; Zhi Liu; Monica Olague-Marchan; Luis A. Diaz; George J. Giudice


Journal of Investigative Dermatology | 1996

Cicatricial Pemphigoid Autoantibodies React with Multiple Sites on the BP180 Extracellular Domain

Shawn D. Balding; Catherine Prost; Luis A. Diaz; Philippe Bernard; Christophe Bedane; Daniel Aberdam; George J. Giudice


Journal of Investigative Dermatology | 1997

Bullous Pemphigoid and Cicatricial Pemphigoid Autoantibodies React with Ultrastructurally Separable Epitopes on the BP180 Ectodomain: Evidence that BP180 Spans the Lamina Lucida

Christophe Bedane; James R. McMillan; Shawn D. Balding; Philippe Bernard; Catherine Prost; Jean Marie Bonnetblanc; Luis A. Diaz; Robin A.J. Eady; George J. Giudice


Biochemistry | 1997

A recombinant form of the human BP180 ectodomain forms a collagen-like homotrimeric complex.

Shawn D. Balding; Luis A. Diaz; George J. Giudice


Journal of Investigative Dermatology | 1997

LAD-1 is absent in a subset of junctional epidermolysis bullosa patients

M. Peter Marinkovich; Hoang H. Tran; Sudha K. Rao; George J. Giudice; Shawn D. Balding; Marcel F. Jonkman; Hendri H. Pas; Joseph McGuire; G. Scott Herron; Leena Bruckner-Tuderman


Journal of Investigative Dermatology | 1996

Characterization of generalized atrophic benign junctional epidermolysis bullosa (GABJEB) keratinocyte cell lines with heterogenous molecular defects.

M Janoff; G Guidice; Shawn D. Balding; Marcel F. Jonkman; H Par; Leena Bruckner-Tuderman; P Marinkovich

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George J. Giudice

Medical College of Wisconsin

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Luis A. Diaz

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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Jay Neitz

University of Washington

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Maureen Neitz

University of Washington

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Stacy A. Sjoberg

Medical College of Wisconsin

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Marcel F. Jonkman

University Medical Center Groningen

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