Sherman S. Hendrix

Tilapia (Teleostei: Cichlidae) status in Nicaraguan natural waters

We surveyed the watersheds covering more than 80% of the surface area of Nicaragua, and review the history of deliberate introductions and unintentional invasion of tilapias, Oreochromis spp., into the freshwater of Nicaragua. The species have become widely established, with a range of negative consequences for the rich natural fish fauna of this Central American country. Tilapias compete directly with native cichlids in a number of ways, and have also supplanted native species as food fish in local markets. We suggest that introduced tilapias may have been responsible for the outbreak of blindness in native cichlids. We make recommendations on the management of these exotic species and on further introductions.

Marine aspidogastrids (Trematoda) from fishes in the northern Gulf of Mexico.

Of the aspidogastrids Multicalyx cristata, Lobatostoma ringens, Cotylogaster basiri, and C. dinosoides sp. n., the last two had not been previously known from the Gulf of Mexico. The latter differs from other members of its genus by having relatively large equatorial marginal alveoli in comparison to those at the anterior and posterior ends of the holdfast. It also possesses extensive transverse musculature connecting opposed lateral alveoli. New host records are included for all four species, and we report preadults of what appear to be the first two species.

Phylogenetic Positions of the Bothitrematidae and Neocalceostomatidae (Monopisthocotylean Monogeneans) Inferred from 28S rDNA Sequences

Abstract A molecular phylogeny was inferred from newly obtained partial (D1 domain) 28S rDNA gene sequences of Bothitrema bothi (Bothitrematidae), Neocalceostoma sp. (Neocalceostomatidae), Bravohollisia sp. (Ancyrocephalidae), and other already available sequences of Ancyrocephalidae, Anoplodiscidae, Pseudodactylogyridae, and Sundanonchidae, with the Diplectanidae as outgroup. Bothitrema, Anoplodiscus, and Sundanonchus formed a very robust clade that was the sister group to a group that included all other species examined. In this latter group, Neocalceostoma and Thaparocleidus were basal to a clade in which the Ancyrocephalidae and Pseudodactylogyridae were sister groups. Molecular results that suggest inclusion of the families Bothitrematidae, Anoplodiscidae, and Sundanonchidae in the same group partially contradict a previous morphological analysis of Boeger and Kritsky in which the first 2 were placed in the Gyrodactylidea and the third in the Dactylogyridea.

THE LIFE HISTORY AND BIOLOGY OF PLAGIOPORUS HYPENTELII HENDRIX 1973 (TREMATODA: OPECOELIDAE)

Plagioporus hypentelii utilizes the pleurocerid snail, Leptoxis (Mudalia) carinata, as first intermediate host. Effects of snail sex and age are noted on the daughter sporocyst burden. Males, as well as 1- and 2-year-old snails have significantly higher intensities of infection. Cotylomicrocercous cercariae are released from snails after the onset of darkness of an LD 12:12 hr photoperiod. Reversal of the photoperiod causes an almost immediate reversal of the emergence pattern. Cercariae encyst in the alderfly larva, Sialis infumata under natural conditions and in Culex pipiens larvae under ex- perimental conditions. Week-old metacercariae are experimentally infective to swordtails, Xiphophorus helleri, and immature specimens of P. hypentelii recovered agree with young worms taken from the natural fish host, Hypentelium nigricans. A seasonal change in the intensity of infection is noted for adult worms in H. nigricans.

Evaluation of the Status of Texanocotyle pogoniae and Laterocotyle padreinsulae (Trematoda: Aspidogastridae)

Simpson and McGraw (1979, Southwest. Nat. 24: 557-562) erected two genera for two new species of aspidogastrid trematodes infecting the black drum, Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus), along the Texan Gulf of Mexico coast. Examination of holotypes and paratypes of each reveals that the two species have been described previously and that the genera are invalid. We consider Texanocotyle pogoniae Simpson and McGraw, 1979 a subjective junior synonym of Cotylogaster basiri Siddiqi and Cable, 1960. Therefore, Texanocotyle Simpson and McGraw, 1979 becomes a junior synonym of Cotylogaster Monticelli, 1892. Simpson and McGraw (1979, loc. cit.) based their generic determination primarily on the presence of tubular, rather than follicular, vitellaria. Whereas the holotype (USNM Helm. Coll. No. 76461) appeared poorly fixed, some follicles were clearly present. The examined paratypes (USNM Helm. Coll. No. 76462; Lamar University PC 1701 I-1 and PC 1726 1-4) showed them more clearly in a narrow inverted U-shaped form unlike that in their illustration. A true cirrus sac was lacking as discussed in a redescription of C. basiri by Hendrix and Overstreet (1977, J. Parasitol. 63: 810-817). Additionally, pigmented eyespots occurred in Simpson and McGraws specimens even though dispersed in some individuals. Simpson and McGraw had mature specimens and in the two paratypes from Lamar, well-developed embryos in utero each had two eyespots. Although difficult to determine in the examined specimens and not mentioned in their description, the number of peripheral alveoli appeared to range from 46 to 58. Cotylogaster basiri is now known from Puerto Rico (Siddiqi and Cable, 1960, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico and Virgin Islands 17: 257-369), Jamaica (Nahhas and Cable, 1964, Tulane Stud. Zool. Bot. 11: 169-228), Mississippi, Louisiana (Hendrix and Overstreet, 1977, loc. cit.), and Texas (Simpson and McGraw, 1979, loc. cit.), with Pogonias cromis as one of its hosts. We have collected specimens from P. cromis in Mississippi also. Laterocotyle padreinsulae Simpson and McGraw, 1979 agrees in all aspects with and is considered a subjective junior synonym of Cotylogaster dinosoides Hendrix and Overstreet, 1977, making Laterocotyle Simpson and McGraw, 1979 a junior synonym of Cotylogaster. Simpson and McGraw described L. padreinsulae as having marginal alveoli directed laterally rather than ventrally and having one rather than two testes. Based on the holotype (USNM Helm. Coll. No. 76463) and paratypes (USNM Helm. Coll. No. 76464; Lamar University PC 1720 1-4 and PC 1726 1-1), the alveoli, numbering 39 to 42 when counting those at the anterior margin, faced the same as in specimens from Mississippi and the worms had two testes. Specimens were not well developed, and perhaps Simpson and McGraw mistook the anterior testis for the ovary because in some specimens it partially obscured the ovary. The holotype from Texas had poorly-developed eggs reaching as large as 56 by 29 ,tm. Three additional specimens from the intestine of the drum in Mississippi

A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF MACRODEROIDIDAE, AND OTHER DIGENEANS FROM FISHES OF LAKE MALAWI, AFRICA

Malawitrema staufferi n. gen., n. sp., an unusual digenean, is described from Clarias mossambicus (type host) and Bagrus meridionalis from Lake Malawi. It has a small, pyriform body, with a spinous tegument. The ceca are relative short, not reaching to the testes. The 2 testes are symmetrical in the middle hind body. The cirrus sac is long and narrow, reaching into hind body. The genital pore is median, immediately anterior to the ventral sucker. The ovary is pretesticular, and a canalicular seminal vesicle and Laurers canal are present. The uterus usually reaches distinctly posteriorly to testes. The eggs are small. The follicular vitellarium is in 2 small fields just anterior to testes. The ventrally subterminal excretory pore leads to a claviform vesicle. This species does not fit clearly into any known family of digeneans and is placed in the Macroderoididae as a temporary measure. Other digeneans reported from Lake Malawi include Haplorchoides cahirinus (Looss, 1896) in C. mossambicus and B. meridionalis; Astiotrema turneri Bray, van Oosterhout, Blais & Cable, 2006 in Protomelas annectens, P. cf. taeniolatus, Labeotropheus fuelleborni, Ctenopharynx (Otopharynx) pictus, and Pseudotropheus zebra; Glossidium pedatum Looss, 1899 in C. mossambicus and B. meridionalis; and an unidentifiable sanguinicolid from Bathyclarias nyasensis.

Jane Eva Huffman-Roscoe B.A., M.A., Ph.D., M.P.H., C.W.F.S.

Jane Eva Huffman-Roscoe died in Knowlton, New Jersey at the age of 65 after a lengthy battle with cancer that forced her to retire from East Stroudsburg University (ESU) in June of 2015 as Distinguished Professor of Biological Sciences, a position awarded to her in 2007. Over almost three decades as a dedicated scientist and teacher, Dr. Huffman led by example both colleagues and research students. She was chairperson for 140 theses produced by her graduate students. In 2005, Jane established and became the director of the Northeast Wildlife DNA Laboratory at East Stroudsburg University. The DNA lab became an important resource for forensic analysis of wildlife DNA for various state law enforcement agencies. It aided physicians and assisted biotech and pharmaceutical companies with tick identifications and DNA identification of bacterial disease agents in ticks. In 2010, researchers in the lab developed an in-home diagnostic testing kit (Lyme-AID) for detecting Lyme disease in ticks, which will be replaced by the Cutter Lyme Disease Testing Kit. Through her directorship, Jane was called upon to testify as an expert witness in wildlife crime prosecutions. Even after her retirement, Jane continued to publish papers and books on wildlife diseases with her students, particularly with black bears (Ursus americanus) (Fig. 1), and research involving ticks and tick-borne illnesses such as Lyme disease. Jane was born on 16 January 1952 to Jane Markut Huffman and George Huffman in Derby, next to her hometown of Shelton, Connecticut, where she attended St. Joseph’s High School. She earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1973 and a Master of Science in 1976 at the University of Connecticut. In addition, she was a member DOI: 10.1645/17-147 J. Parasitol., 103(6), 2017, pp. 804–806 American Society of Parasitologists 2017