Sheylla Susan Moreira da Silva de Almeida

Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial, and Larvicidal Activities of the Essential Oil of Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae)

The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and the identification and quantification of components were achieved with the use of GC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the method of sequestration of DPPH. Essential oils were used for study the cytotoxic front larvae of Artemia salina. In the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils, we employed the disk-diffusion method. The potential larvicide in mosquito larvae of the third stage of development of Aedes aegypti to different concentrations of essential oils was evaluated. The major compounds found in the essential oils of M. piperita were linalool (51.8%) and epoxyocimene (19.3%). The percentage of antioxidant activity was 79.9 ± 1.6%. The essential oil showed LC50 = 414.6 μg/mL front of A. saline and is considered highly toxic. It shows sensitivity and halos significant inhibition against E. coli. The essential possessed partial larvicidal efficiency against A. aegypti.

ESTUDO PRELIMINAR DO EXTRATO ETANÓLICO DAS CASCAS DE Licania macrophylla BENTH: ASPECTOS FITOQUÍMICO E TOXICOLÓGICO

The objective of this research was to evaluate the phytochemical, physicochemical and toxicity profile of ethanol crude extract of L. macrophyllain relation to Artemiasalina L. The Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol crude extract of the barks and stem and physicochemical calculation were performed by methods found in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. Phytochemical analysis detected saponins, organic acids, reducing sugars, tannins, anthraquinones, and depsidedepsidone. In relation to the physicochemical parameters, it showed pH = 4.64, due to the occurrence of saponins, organic acids and tannins; lipid = 0.55% indicates that the material presents few lipids of low molecular weight; humidity = 12.09% ± 0.12, relates to a small amount of water, indispensable for non occurrence of development of microorganisms or enzymatic degradation. Waste by incineration is within the pharmacognostic standards of 8.30% ± 0.54. The crude extract is practically nontoxic with LC = 1253ìg/mL, since the mortality rate and LC should be higher than 1000ìg/mL 50 50 to be considered nontoxic. Phytochemical analysis have confirmed, in part, the use of species for phytotherapic purposes, however, the type of treatment and packaging can influence the determination of secondary metabolites. The adopted physicochemical parameters have shown that the species is free of decomposersagents.

Chemical Composition, an Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Microbiological Activity of the Essential Oil from the Leaves of Aeollanthus suaveolens Mart. ex Spreng

Aeollanthus suaveolens species popularly known as catinga de mulata belongs to the Lamiaceae family. In the Amazon region, it is used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastritis, convulsions of epileptic origin, stomach pain and diarrhea in the form of tea and juice. Essential oils have analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity. This study evaluated the chemical composition of the A. suaveolens essential oil, and its cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity on Artemia salina Leach. The plant species was collected in Fazendinha district in the city of Macapa-AP. The essential oil obtained from the process was performed by hydrodistillation and identification of components by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the kidnapping method of 2,2- diphenyl -1-picrilhidrazil radical, while the cytotoxic activity was assessed using saline A. and the microbiological activity was carried out by microdilution method with Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. In a chromatographic analysis, the major constituents found in the essential oil of A. suaveolens were (E) -β-farnesene (37.615%), Linalool (33.375%), α-Santalene (3.255%) and linalyl acetate (3.222%). The results showed that the Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. bacteria were more susceptible to MIC 50 mg.mL-1 when compared with the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium MIC 100 mg.mL-1. With respect to MBC concentration of 100 mg.mL-1 it was sufficient to inhibit the growth of E. coli. The essential oil did not show antioxidant activity, however, has a high cytotoxic activity against the A. salina, LC50 8.90 μg.mL-1.

ESTUDO FITOQUÍMICO, ATIVIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA E CITOTÓXICA EM Artemia salina LEACH. DAS PARTES AÉREAS DE Petiveria alliacea L. PHYTOLACCACEAE

This study aimed to phytochemical study of the aerial parts of Petiveria alliacea L. (young branches and leaves), cytotoxicity evaluation (LC 50 ) of leaves in relation to Artemia salina L. and antimicrobial activity, which were used strains of gram-positive bacterium: Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative: Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, these submitted to the methanol crude extract (MCE) of leaves, at the following concentrations: 25.50 and 100mg/mL. It was possible to identify in the young branches of P. alliacea L. the presence of organic acids, phenols and tannins in the alkaloids leaves, steroids and triterpenoids, saponins, phenols and tannins, where the activities of these metabolites match with some information alleged by the population. The leaves’ Methanol Crude Extract showed LC 50 =1709.77μg/mL, being nontoxic at the tested concentrations, whereas for plant extract in relation to A.salina are considered nontoxic when LC 50 >1000μg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of the Methanol Crude Extract of the leaves showed inhibition only for the bacteria Escherichia coli at 100mg/mL concentration, and this activity may be related to the presence of phenols and tannins in the extract. The obtained results turn the species promising in search of secondary metabolites, but there is the need of further studies to identify its main active ingredients.