Shibili Nuhmani

Lateral epicondylitis: a review of the literature.

Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) is the most frequent type of myotendinosis and can be responsible for substantial pain and loss of function of the affected limb. Muscular biomechanics characteristics and equipment are important in preventing the conditions. This article present on overview of the current knowledge on lateral Epicondylitis and focuses on Etiology, Diagnosis and treatment strategies, conservative treatment are discussed and recent surgical techniques are outlined. This information should assist health care practitioners who treat patients with this disorder.

Effect of Forward and Backward Locomotion Training on Anaerobic Performance and Anthropometrical Composition

[Purpose] Forward walking (FW) and backward walking (BW) on a treadmill is a common tool for lower extremity rehabilitation in the clinical setting. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects on anaerobic performance and anthropometrical adaptations during FW and BW on a treadmill. [Subjects and Methods] A convenience sample of thirty healthy male subjects with a mean age of 20.93 ± 2.54 years participated in this study. Subjects were divided into 2 groups, a Forward Walking Group (FWG) (n=15) and a Backward Walking Group (BWG) (n=15), which performed FW and BW on a treadmill at 10° inclination, respectively. The training consisted of three sessions per week for 6 weeks. Study outcomes such as anaerobic performance and anthropometrical body composition were measured at pre- and post-intervention. [Results] Both FW and BW improved anaerobic performance significantly, and the BW group showed better performance than FW. However, changes in anthropometrical body composition were found to be not significant after six weeks of intervention in both the FW and BW groups. [Conclusions] BW training in rehabilitation can be considered more effective than FW at improving anaerobic performance. We also conclude that six weeks of FW and BW training is insufficient for eliciting changes in the body composition.

Plantar fasciitis: A review of literature

Plantar fasciitis (PF) is one of the most common causes of inferior heel pain managed by many physical therapists in a variety of clinical settings and wildly treated conservatively and it is usually caused by a biomechanical imbalance resulting in tension along the plantar fascia. It is estimated that 11-15% of all foot complaints requiring medical attention can be attributed to this condition. In general, the patient presents with inferior heel pain on weight bearing. Pain associated with PF may be throbbing, searing, or piercing, especially with the first few steps in the morning or after periods of inactivity. This article presents on overview of the current knowledge on PF and focuses on biomechanics, etiology, diagnosis and treatment strategies, conservative treatment including the physical therapy management are discussed. This information should assist health care practitioners who treat patients with this disorder.

Lower quarter plyometric for soccer players

Plyometric is a type exercise training to produce fast, powerful movements and improves performance in sports. It is used to increase speed or force of muscular contractions, providing explosiveness in sport-specific activities. Plyometric is a type of explosive exercise which is used in soccer, basketball, boxing, parkour, American football and rugby, gymnastics, volleyball, racket sports, martial arts, professional cycling, athletics (including track and field events). It contains the prerequisites consisting of the biomechanical examination, which is helpful in finding out stable base of support and normal force transmission, stability testing, which is divided into two parts-static stability and dynamic movement testing, and flexibility that start with general flexibility exercises. Plyometric program design contains the four variables-intensity, volume, frequency, recovery which are interlinked with each other in training the sportsperson in each session. Phases of plyometric are divided into three parts, which consist of the loading phase, the coupling phase and the unloading phase. And finally when specifying the soccer specific plyometric training the physiotherapist should keep in mind that the sportsperson being trained should go for warm-up producing mild sweating. Later approaching toward the specific types of jumps, including traffic cones of defined height and jumps excluding the cones. The jumps that are included within the programme would be double leg side jump, single-leg side jump, turning cone jump, squat jump, rocket jump, power skipping, lateral bound, knee tuck jump, multiple jumps with a sprint.

Lateral ankle sprain: A review

Ankle sprain injuries are the most common injury sustained during sporting activities. One-sixth of all sports injury loss time is from ankle sprains. Each year, an estimated 1 million persons, present to physicians with acute ankle injuries. Three-quarters of ankle injuries involve the lateral ligamentous complex, comprised of the anterior talofibular ligament, the calcaneofibular ligament, and the posterior talofibular ligament. Lateral ankle sprains typically occur when the rearfoot undergoes excessive supination on an externally rotated lower leg. The diagnosis of a sprain relies on the medical history including symptoms, as well as making a differential diagnosis mainly in distinguishing it from strains or bone fractures. Despite their prevalence in society, ankle sprains still remain a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in the athlete, as well as in society in general. The high incidence of ligamentous ankle injuries requires clearly defined acute care and a broad knowledge of new methods in rehabilitation. In addition to rapid pain relief, the main objective of treatment is to quickly restore the range of motion of the ankle without any major loss of proprioception, thereby restoring full activity as soon as possible. The purpose of this article is to review the anatomy, pathomechanics, investigation, diagnosis, management of lateral ankle sprains.

Frozen Shoulder—A Review of Current Concepts

Abstract Objective: To provide an overview of the natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of adhesive capsulitis, with emphasis on the most recent evidence regarding etiology and treatment. Findings: Frozen shoulder is also known as adhesive capsulitis, a common condition in which the shoulder joint capsule and the connective tissues around the gleno humeral joint get inflamed and stiff, causing scapulohumeral pain and loss of motion. In addition to difficulty in performing daily activities, these patients usually experience problems in sleeping for an extended period of time due to pain that is worse at night. Frozen shoulder [FS] is a distinct clinical entity with characteristic clinical and arthrographic findings. Conclusion: Due to a large number of treatment options and limited evidence for their effectiveness, more research is required to establish the effectiveness of each treatment strategy. However, this information should assist health-care practitioners who treat patients with this disorder.