Shigeru Ishida

Flow behaviours of liquid crystals on vertical alignment layers of polyimides

Nematic liquid crystals (LCs) dropped via micro-dispenser (3 μL) on a vertical alignment (VA) polyimide coated indium tin oxide glass substrate have been observed under crossed polarisers. The wettability between the LC and the VA polyimide layer was extremely low. The contact angle of the LC droplet was around 33° and the droplet diameter was much smaller than the LC on the parallel-aligned polyimide layer. The contact angle of the droplet increased, and the droplet diameter decreased, on increasing the molar fraction of the side group of the polyimide. The flow behaviour of the LC by assembling between the two substrates has been directly observed under crossed polarisers. The droplet spread out keeping a cross-extinction pattern during assembling. After assembling to a 5 μm gap, a dark field was observed in whole area on the polyimide alignment layer with 50 mol% side group. Increasing the side group enhanced aligning the LC perpendicular to the substrate, and no disclination appeared.

Flow behaviours of liquid crystal droplets on polyimide alignment layers

The flow behaviours of liquid crystal droplets on polyimide alignment layers and during assembling between two substrates have been directly observed. The droplet shape became elliptical with time on the rubbed polyimide layer, where the major axis of the elliptical droplet was parallel to the rubbing direction. Rubbing enhanced the wettability between the liquid crystal and the polyimide layer. During the assembling process, the liquid crystal droplets elliptically splayed out between two substrates assembled antiparallel. The liquid crystal molecules preferentially flowed parallel to the rubbing direction in a two‐step flow mode; the droplet diameter slowly increased at the first step, and then it rapidly increased at the second step. The two‐step flow of the droplet proved to be due to the thickness of the droplet dependent on the rubbing strength.