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Dive into the research topics where Shigetaro Kamiyama is active.

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Featured researches published by Shigetaro Kamiyama.


Forensic Science International | 1997

Evaluation of five polymorphic microsatellite markers for typing DNA from decomposed human tissues -Correlation between the size of the alleles and that of the template DNA-

Masanori Takahashi; Yukie Kato; Harutaka Mukoyama; Hideaki Kanaya; Shigetaro Kamiyama

For PCR-based genotyping using polymorphic microsatellite markers, DNA from decomposed postmortem human tissues was fractionated into six groups according to molecular size. The minimum required amounts of this degraded DNA, for detecting alleles at five microsatellite loci (ACTBP2, CMAG, HUMTH01, CYP19, and LPL) and one minisatellite locus (MCT118) were investigated respectively. The allele patterns were detected by electrophoresis of the PCR products on a 6%-denaturing polyacrylamide gel following silver staining. The detection of alleles for the loci with large allele size required more template DNA with higher molecular size than for that with small allele size. Amounts from 0.3 ng to 5 ng were needed for allele detection on genomic DNA from fresh blood. When the decomposed DNA mixture was used as the template, approximately ten times the amount of genomic DNA was required to detect alleles at the three loci of LPL, CYP19 and HUMTH01, while 24 to 67 times was required for the loci, CMAG, ACTBP2 and MCT118. It was demonstrated that a minimum molecular, size and amount of template DNA was needed for amplifying alleles of the six loci, and degraded DNA less than minimum size in the samples would prevent the detection of the loci which have large allele size.


International Journal of Legal Medicine | 1988

Forensic Toxicologic Analysis of Methamphetamine and Amphetamine Optical Isomers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

T. Nagai; Shigetaro Kamiyama

SummaryOptical isomers (d and l) and racemic compounds (dl) of methamphetamine (MAMP) and amphetamine (AMP), and biologic materials including those substances, could be analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. Examining the temperature for the analysis, 40°C was the optimal condition in the reproducibility of separated MAMP-isomers. The reproducibility at the temperature did not vary significantly. The measured values of optical isomers were 0.116±0.012, 1.082±0.070 and 8.984±0.136 for the mixing ratios (l/d) of 0.111, 1.000, and 9.000, respectively. The detection limit for both d- and l-isomers was 25 ng.The analytic result of hair specimens from two stimulant abusers by the present method indicates that they contained only d-MAMP and d-AMP, which is believed to have the strongest pharmacologic effect among the optical isomers of MAMP. The coefficient of variation in the analysis of five replicate standards, prepared by adding 1,000 ng each of racemate MAMP and AMP to hair, was less than 4%. The measured value against l/d=1.000 was 1.040±0.040 in MAMP and 0.980±0.030 in AMP. The detection limit for both racemate MAMP and AMP accumulated in hair was 250 ng.The analysis of the optical isomers by our method would contribute to identifying the smuggling routes or the illicit method.ZusammenfassungEs wurde eine neue Methode zur Trennung von optisch aktiven Isomeren (d und l) und der racemischen Verbindung (dl) von Metamphetamin (MAMP) und Amphetamin (AMP) mittels Hochleistungsflüssigkeitschromatographie durch die UV-Methode ausgearbeitet. Wir fanden, daß 40°C in der Auflösung und der Reproduzierbarkeit der MAMP-Isomeren am besten waren. Meßwerte von Isomeren waren 0.116±0.012, 1.082±0.070 und 8.984±0.136 gegenüber den Mischungsverhältnissen (l/d) von 0.111, 1.000 und 9.000. Die Nachweisgrenze von d- und l-Isomeren war jeweils 25 ng.Die Analysenergebnisse menschlicher Haare von zwei Stimulationsmittelkonsumenten zeigten mittels der oben genannten Methode, daß die Haare nur d-MAMP und d-AMP enthielten, welche unter den Isomeren die stärksten pharmakologischen Wirkungen haben. Die Streuung der Analysen von fünf Standard-Materialien, nach Zusatz von 1,000 ng jeder racemischen MAMP und AMP zu menschlichen normalen Kopfhaaren, war weniger als 4%; die Meßwerte von Isomeren gegenüber den Mischungsverhältnissen l/d=1.000, waren 1.040±0.040 bei MAMP und 0.980±0.030 bei AMP. Die Nachweisgrenze der racemischen Verbindung von MAMP und AMP, die in Haaren angehäuft sind, war jeweils 250 ng.Die Analyse der Isomeren von MAMP und AMP durch unsere Methode würde der Aufdeckung von Schmuggelungen und -methoden dienen.


International Journal of Legal Medicine | 1985

Immunohistological studies on ABH-activities in secretory cells of human major salivary glands—correlation between ABH-activities in the secretory cells and secretor-nonsecretor

Masanori Takahashi; Shigetaro Kamiyama

SummaryThe activities of A, B and H in serous cells (S-cells), mucous cells (M-cells) and excretory duct cells were examined in a large number of paraffin sections of three major salivary glands obtained from 91 corpses, using the immunofluorescence technique. The results are:1.By taking H activity in S-cells of the submandibular gland or A, B and H activity in M-cells of the sublingual gland as an indicator, the salivary glands were classified as Type I showing activity and Type II showing no activity. No glands corresponding to the intermediate type, as seen in the case of saliva, were noted at all. Among 91 corpses, 70 cases were classified as Type I and 21 as Type II. The results matched well with those of Lewis type tested on blood. The frequencies of the typing (Type I; 76.9%, Type II; 23.1%) were approximately in concordance with those of secretor and nonsecretor in Japanese saliva. From these results, it was assessed that the former corresponded to the secretor type in the case of saliva, and the latter to the nonsecretor type.2.Even in the same individual, both S-cells and M-cells exhibited different productivities of substances, depending on the glands to which they belonged. Namely, only S-cells in the submandibular gland belonging to Type I showed only H activity independent of the blood group of the individual, but the other S-cells in the other major glands did not show any activity for A, B and H. M-cells exhibited strong activity for H and/or A and/or B in the sublingual and submandibular gland and belonged to Type I, but little activity in the sublingual gland belonged to Type II. In the submandibular gland of Type II, some M-cells showed activity and others did not.3.On the basis of the above results, we discuss the applicability of the present genetic theory concerning the secretor and nonsecretor type in saliva to salivary glands and cells, and further refer to the reasons for appearance of the weak secretor type or intermediate type in saliva.ZusammenfassungEs wurde die A-, B- und H-Aktivität der serösen (S), der mukösen (M) und der Ausführungsgangszelle von aus 91 Leichen entnommen und in Paraffin eingebetteten Hauptspeicheldrüsen mittels des Immunofluoreszenzverfahrens untersucht.Die Speicheldrüsen wurden in zwei Typen eingeteilt: in den aktiven Typ I und den inaktiven Typ II; die Submandibularis mit der H-Aktivität der S-Zellen und die Sublingualis mit der ABH-Aktivität der M-Zellen. Ein Zwischentyp wie beim Speichel wurde nicht beobachtet. Die Gruppierung und die Typisierung der Speicheldrüsen stimmten mit dem ABO- und Lewis-System der zugehörigen Blute überein. Unter den 91 Leichen gehörten 70 zum Typ I (76,9%) und 21 zum Typ II (23,1%). Diese Frequenzen waren in Einklang mit dem einschlägigen Befund (Ausscheider bzw. Nichtausscheider) bei den Japanern.Unabhängig vom Individuum wiesen die S- und M-Zellen der zugehörigen Speicheldrüsen variable Aktivitäten auf. Die S-Zellen des Typs I der Submandibularis erzeugten nur H-Aktivität, die von der Blutgruppe unabhängig war, während die übrigen S-Zellen der Hauptspeicheldrüsen keine Aktivität zeigten. Die zum Typ I gehörenden M-Mandibularis- und Sublingualiszellen zeigten eine starke H- und A- und/oder B-Aktivität. Beim Typ II erzeugten nur ein Teil der M-Zellen der Submandibularis- und Sublingualisdrüse H- und A- und/oder B-Aktivität.Aufgrund dieser Ergebnisse wurde die Wechselbeziehung zwischen der Typisierung der Speicheldrüsen und der des Speichels, die Gültigkeit der gegenwärtigen genetischen Theorie über Sekretor und Nichtsekretor im Speichel sowie die Ursache für das Auftreten des schwachen Sekretors oder des Zwischentyps erörtert.


International Journal of Legal Medicine | 1996

ALLELE DETECTION AND POPULATION STUDY IN JAPANESE USING TWO STR LOCI (CYP19 AND HUMTH01)

Masanori Takahashi; Yukie Kato; George Miyakawa; Akira Kurosu; Shigetaro Kamiyama

Allele fragments at two polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) loci, CYP19 and HUMTH01, were simultaneously amplified in a sample of 200 unrelated Japanese individuals living in the Kanto area, including Tokyo. After electrophoresis in PAG, the new alleles 7, 10, 11, 12, and 13 were detected at the CYP19 locus in Japanese. HUMTH01 allele frequencies in Japanese differed greatly from those reported for Caucasians and Asians living in the US. The polymorphism information content (PIC) in Japanese was calculated as 0.46 for CYP19 and 0.66 for HUMTH01. The power of discrimination (PD) was 0.7 for CYP19 and 0.86 for HUMTH01, and the combined PD was calculated as 0.96. No significant deviations from HardyWeinberg equilibrium could be observed for these systems.


International Journal of Legal Medicine | 1973

Verformung des Mittelhirns im Horizontalschnitt

Shigetaro Kamiyama; Yasushi Kimura

SummaryIn order to clarify the deformity of the midbrain in the horizontal section due to epi- and subdural hemorrhage, measurement and statistic analysis were performed, in relation to the localization of the hemorrhage, the grade of the temporal hernia, the grade of the secondary bleeding in the midbrain, and the survival time.The midbrain of 30 brains with epi- or/and subdural hemorrhage and 15 controlbrains, which were carefully fixed in 10% formalin solution, was cut horizontally in the height of the beginning parts of nerves oculomotorii, and the diameters were measured (longitudinal length: 29.86 ± 2.70 mm in the haematom-group and 25.65 ± 1.35 mm in the control-group; transversal length: 26.63 ± 2.72 mm in the haematom-group and 27.60 ± 1.46 mm in the control-group; midbrainratio (longitudinal/transversal length): 1.14 ± 0.18 in the haematom-group and 0.93 ± 0.05 in the control-group; dimensions (longitudinal × transversal length): 793.59 ± 102.15 mm2 in the haematom-group and 707.64 ± 60.17 mm2 in the control-group).Not only the extension of the longitudinal length, but also the increase of the midbrainratio and of the dimensions were in the case of the haematom-group statistic significant in contrast to the control-group.The deformity of the midbrain is more influenced by the localization of the haematom and the grade of the temporal hernia than by the grade of the secondary bleeding in the midbrain and the survival time.The measurements of the midbrain could be of use not only as macroscopic characteristics of cerebral compression, but also useful for informations of microscopic studies.ZusammenfassungMessungen und statistische Untersuchungen wurden durchgeführt, um die Mittelhirnverformung im horizontalen Schnitt bei epi- und subduralem Hämatom im Zusammenhang mit der Lokalisationsstelle des Hämatomes, der Stärke der temporalen Hernien und der Überlebenszeit sowie der Stärke der sekundären Blutung im Mittelhirn festzustellen.Das Mittelhirn von 30 Gehirnen mit Hämatom und 15 Kontrollhirnen, die nach der Entnahme in 10%iger Formalin-Lösung fixiert worden sind, wurden in Höhe der Anfangsstelle der Nervi oculomotorii horizontal durchgeschnitten und dann die Durchmesser gemessen (Längsdurchmesser: 29,86 ± 2,70 mm bei der Hämatomgruppe und 25,65 ± 1,35 mm bei der Kontrollgruppe; Querdurchmesser: 26,63 ± 2,72 mm bei Hämatomgruppe und 27,60 ± 1,46 mm bei Kontrollhirngruppe; Mittelhirnverhältnis (Längs-/Querdurchmesser): 1,14 ± 0,18 bei der Hämatomgruppe und 0,93 ± 0,05 bei der Kontrollhirngruppe; Flächenraum (Längs- × Querdurchmesser): 793,59 ± 102,15 mm2 bei der Hämatomgruppe und 707,64 ± 60,17 mm2 bei der Kontrollhirngruppe).Statistisch signifikante Feststellungen waren bei der Hämatomgruppe sowohl die Verlängerung des Längsdurchmessers als auch die Vergrößerung des Mittelhirnverhältnisses und des Flächenraumes.Die Mittelhirnverformung im horizontalen Schnitt ist mehr durch die Lokalisationsstelle des Hämatomes und die Stärke der temporalen Hernien beeinflußt worden als durch die Stärke sekundärer Blutungen im Mittelhirn und die Überlebenszeit.Die Meßergebnisse am Mittelhirn können sich als wesentliche makroskopische Merkmale bei Hirndruck verwenden lassen. Weiterhin können diese auch Hinweise für weitere mikroskopische Untersuchungen geben.


Journal of Analytical Toxicology | 1991

Simultaneous HPLC Analysis of Optical Isomers of Methamphetamine and Its Metabolites, and Stereoselective Metabolism of Racemic Methamphetamine in Rat Urine

Toshiaki Nagai; Shigetaro Kamiyama


Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications | 1990

Assay of the optical isomers of methamphetamine and amphetamine in rat urine using high-performance liquid chromatography with chiral cellulose-based columns

Toshiaki Nagai; Shigetaro Kamiyama


Journal of Analytical Toxicology | 1998

Optical isomer analysis of 3,4-methylene-dioxyamphetamine analogues and their stereoselective disposition in rats

Kazumi Matsushima; Toshiaki Nagai; Shigetaro Kamiyama


Journal of Analytical Toxicology | 1997

Time-lapse changes of d- and l-enantiomers of racemic (dl)-ethylamphetamine in human urine

Toshiaki Nagai; Hideaki Kanaya; Kazumi Matsushima; Shigetaro Kamiyama


Journal of Analytical Toxicology | 1995

Analysis of Time-Lapse Changes of d- and l-Enantiomers of Racemic Ethylamphetamine and Stereoselective Metabolism in Rat Urine by HPLC Determination

Toshiaki Nagai; Shigetaro Kamiyama; Kazumi Matsushima

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