Shin Tawaraya

Salvage endoscopic submucosal dissection for the esophagus-localized recurrence of esophageal squamous cell cancer after definitive chemoradiotherapy

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Advanced feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection for the treatment of gastric tube cancer after esophagectomy

The incidence of esophageal cancer is increasing worldwide. However, progress in surgical techniques and the development of novel therapeutic modalities such as adjuvant chemoradiation therapy combined with surgery have improved the postoperative survival up to 34% to 51% at 5 years. Therefore, long-term survival cases are no longer rare. Generally, gastric tubes are substituted for the reconstitution after the esophagectomy for the treatment of esophageal cancer. In association with the increase in the number of long-term follow-up cases after esophagectomy, the occurrence of secondary malignancies such as adenocarcinoma arising in gastric tubes has been reported. Until a decade ago, repeat surgery was considered for the treatment of adenocarcinoma in gastric tubes. However, this did not achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes because of its high operative risks. Recently, the use of EMR has been emphasized for treatment in patients with superficial lesions. Although the clinical risks of EMR associated with gastric tube cancer (GTC) treatment are significantly lower than those associated with surgery, EMR cannot always be used to resect GTC completely because of its technical limitations regarding the tumor sizes. Therefore, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is currently used as a therapeutic option for treating GTC. However, ESD for GTC also carries limitations with respect to the anatomical features of gastric tubes, particularly the suture line and staples with the possibility of fibrosis. We therefore investigated the feasibility of

The feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal cancer in patients with cirrhosis (with video)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was initially developed for gastric cancer and is currently accepted as an established procedure for superficial cancer of the esophagus. The most important advantage of ESD compared with EMR is that it can provide a high en bloc resection rate and precise histologic assessment even for large lesions. On the other hand, the disadvantage of ESD is a higher risk of bleeding and perforation than for EMR. Previous reports described that esophageal ESDrelated adverse events, such as postoperative bleeding and perforation, are considerably serious risks. However, ESD for patients with cirrhosis may carry a higher risk of these adverse events because of the low platelet count, coagulopathy, and portal hypertensive gastroenteropathy, including esophageal varices, in these patients. As a result, endoscopists have been hesitant to apply ESD for the treatment of esophageal cancer in patients with cirrhosis.

Proper muscle layer damage affects ulcer healing after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the established therapy for superficial gastrointestinal neoplasms. However, management of the artificial ulcers associated with ESD has become important and the relationship between ulcer healing factors and treatment is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate ESD‐related artificial ulcer reduction ratio at 4 weeks to assess factors associating with ulcer healing after ESD that may lead to optimal treatment.

Mesenteric lymph node abscess due to Yersinia enterocolitica : case report and review of the literature

Abstract We describe the case of a 74-year-old female with a mesenteric lymph node abscess caused by a Yersinia enterocolitica infection. She had been administered an immunosuppressive drug and was admitted to the hospital due to a high fever, right lower abdominal pain and advanced leukocytosis. We initially diagnosed her with lymphadenitis based on the symptoms and the imaging studies. However, conservative treatment with antibiotics did not yield any improvement, and abscess formation was suspected. Surgical treatment was performed, and the culture from the drainage fluid grew Y. enterocolitica. The histological findings suggested that an ulcerative lesion of the terminal ileum was the entry port of Y. enterocolitica. The pathogen infected the mesenteric lymph nodes and spread along the ileocecal lymphatic vessels, resulting in the formation of an abscess. We also provide a review of the previously published literature on lymph node abscesses due to Y. enterocolitica infections.

Su1819 Evaluation of the Expanded Indication of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Neoplasms

[Background and Aim] Since the technical advance and the development of new devices, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely utilized for the treatment of superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms (ESCNs). In the treatment of ESCNs without nodal metastasis, ESD achieves the similar clinical outcomes to those of esophagectomy and chemoradioherapy and is much less invasive than them. The intensive studies of histopathological analysis of surgically resected ESCNs have proven that the cases of non-invasive carcinoma (EP, carcinoma in situ) and intra-mucosal invasive carcinoma limited to the lamina propria mucosae (LPM) had an extremely low risks of lymph node and distant metastasis. Based on these findings, the Japanese guideline for the treatment of esophageal cancer states that both EP and LPM cases are suitable for ESD. On the other hand, the lymph node metastasis rate of ESCNs invading to the muscularis mucosae (MM) including both with and without lymphovascular invasion has been reported as 7-10 %. Thus, ESD treatment had not been positively recommended for MM cases. However, it is assumed that MM cases without lymphovascular invasion have no lymph node metastasis. Thus, there exists the possibility that MM cases without lymphovascular invasion can be suitable for ESD. In this study, therefore, we evaluated expanded ESD indication to the MM cases without lymphovascular invasion, by analyzing surgically resected specimens histopathologically and investigating the clinical outcomes both after surgery and ESD of MM cases without lymphovascular invasion. [Methods] MM cases without lymphovascular invasion surgically treated between January 2001 and December 2010 (11 cases) and those treated with ESD between January 2006 and August 2012 (30 cases) at Akita University Hospital were enrolled in this study. [Results] In the detailed histopathological analysis of the surgically resected specimens of 11 MM cases without lymphovascular invasion, no lymph node metastasis was detected. No recurrence or metastasis developed in any of these 11 cases until today. In the analysis of the ESD-treated, 30 MM cases were proven to have no lymphovascular invasion by the histopathological examination of the specimens endoscopically resectd en bloc. Then, no additional therapy such as chemoradiotherapy was performed for these cases. However, all of the 30 cases are still alive without recurrence or metastasis during the followup period (4-81 months, average 33.8 months). [Conclusion] Our current study elucidated that MM cases without lymphovascular invasion has no risk of lymph node metastasis, and clinical outcomes of the ESD-treated MM cases without lymphovascular invasion are extremely satisfactory. These data suggest that ESD indication for superficial ESCNs treatment can be expanded to the MM cases without lymphovascular invasion.

Su1113 Salvage Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection is an Effective and Safe Treatment for the Esophagus-Localized Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer After Chemoradiotherapy

G A A b st ra ct s corpus were most likely to extend to more than one location (57%; 95%CI: 36-76%), this increase was significantly higher (p 0.014) than the increase of intragastric extent found in patients with only IM in the antrum or angulus at inclusion (22.9%; 95%CI: 13.9-31.9%). The proportion of patients with multi-located PM increased from 24.% at baseline to 44% at surveillance (p 0.014). Using the OLGIM classification, 19% of patients scored grade III to IV. No correlations could be found between sex, PPI or NSAID use, interval between baseline and surveillance endoscopy, and progression or regression of the severity and extent or OLGIM score. Current or past Hp infection was identified in 46% and was correlated with a more severe PM at surveillance (R2 0.166 p 0.05). IM was the PM mostly identified in subsequent endoscopies (Regression in 27% vs 44% in AG and 100% in LGD). Conclusion: Premalignant gastric lesions found in the corpus have the highest risk of progression during surveillance. Past or current Hp infection is correlated with progression of extent and severity of PM. This study demonstrates the importance of IM as marker for follow-up instead of AG or LGD.

Tu1457 Preventive Coagulation in 2nd-Look Endoscopy Reduces Delayed Bleeding After Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

(rho 0.90, p 0.001) and PL4 (rho 0.82, p 0.01). Maximal velocity for sensor 4 was associated with longer T (rho 0.77, p 0.016), longer PL3 (rho 0.82, p 0.01), and longer PL4 (rho 0.88, p 0.002). Increased maximum angular velocity was associated with longer T (rho 0.82, p 0.01), longer PL3 (rho 0.73, p 0.02) and longer PL4 (rho 0.75, p 0.02). Increased maximum scope tip angulation was associated with longer PL2 (rho 0.77, p 0.02), longer PL3 (rho 0.70, p 0.04), and trend towards longer PL4 (rho 0.60, p 0.09). Increase in PL3 and PL4 without increase in PL1 and PL2 indicates increased scope flex; therefore, increased scope insertion velocity and increased maximum angular velocity are each associated with increased flex and longer time to cecum.TLI and VAS are summarized in Table 1. Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that experts have significantly reduced path length compared to novices, and that experts demonstrate shorter exam times, with reduced flex, acceleration and jerk implying steady scope advancement, gradual angular modifications, and deliberate direction changes. TLI and VAS substantiate these kinematic findings. As sample size increases, we intend to better characterize expert gestures to support development of tools for more effective training and objective quantitative assessment.