Shishir Ram Shetty

Analysis of Salivary Micronutrients in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorder

Background: Sound nutritional habits and a sufficient supply of essential vitamins and minerals are of considerable importance for oral health. This study was aimed to evaluate whether salivary micronutrients play any role in diagnosis or prognostic estimation of Oral Sub mucous Fibrosis (OSF), one of the oral potentially malignant disorders. Materials and methods: In this case control study, 40 histopathologically confirmed cases of OSF were compared with 44 age and sex matched healthy controls. Salivary samples collected from the participants were centrifuged at 2500 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant collected was stored at -20° C. The saliva was then analysed for micronutrients. Zinc and Cu level were analysed using atomic absorption spectrometer and Fe using spectrophotometer. Results: The mean age of patients with OSF was 38.28±2.23 years. Among them, 31 (77.5%) were males and 9 (22.5%) were females. The mean salivary Cu values of OSF group (127.30±6.77 μg/dl) has increased compared to that of controls (112.68±7.95 μg/dl). The mean salivary Zn values of OSF group (116.80±9.93 μg/dl) was significantly decreased (P <0.01) compared to that of controls (146.76±9.17 μg/dl). The mean salivary Fe values of OSF group (49.28±3.25 μg/dl) too reduced on comparison with controls (59.34±4.50 μg/dl). Conclusions: It is important that doctors and other health professionals are aware of the nutritional essentiality of micronutrients, and for the situations where an increased intake may lead to clinical benefit. The present study highlighted the importance of micronutrients in oral health and their role in diagnosis or prognostic estimation of OSF.

Prevalence of Anterior Tooth Discoloration in Southwest Coastal Population

The dentist and the public spend considerable amounts of time and money in an attempt to improve not just the appearance of the teeth but also the confidence of a person.2 Basically, there are two types of tooth discolorations: those related to intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors.3 The intrinsic discoloration occurs when the chromogens are deposited within the bulk of the tooth, which may be of local or systemic origin.4 Extrinsic discoloration is defined as discoloration located on the outer surface of the tooth structure and is caused by topical or extrinsic agents.5 In the developing dentition, discoloration of teeth is caused as a consequence of a number of metabolic disease and systemic factors.6 Amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta, tetracycline staining, fluorosis, enamel hypoplasia, pulpal hemorrhagic products, root resorption, aging, and local factors, such as injury are also recognized. Extrinsic discoloration lies on the tooth surface or in the acquired pellicle. The origin of the stain may be metallic or nonmetallic.1

Sialic acid as a biomarker of oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer

Background: Carcinogenesis is a multistep process where a healthy cell has initially a precancerous stage and finally an early cancerous stage. The process of carcinogenesis can be divided into three stages of initiation, promotion, and progression. In this process, there is increased turnover, secretion, and/or shedding from malignant cells. Glycoproteins like sialic acid are expressed on the cell surface. In oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC), the sialic acid level is seen to increase due to high cell turnover and shedding of malignant cells which, in turn, results in the release of glycoproteins like sialic acid into circulation. Glycoproteins also form an important constituent of salivary mucins and hence due to the same mechanism, an increase in sialic acid level is also seen in saliva. Objective: The aim is to estimate serum and salivary sialic acid levels in healthy controls, patients with OPMDs and patients with OC. Materials and Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, serum and salivary sialic acid levels were estimated in thirty healthy controls, thirty patients with OPMDs and thirty patients with OC. Results: Serum and salivary sialic acid levels obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Post hoc Tukey test was used to compare the serum and salivary sialic acid levels of the two study groups to the control group. ANOVA test was used for the comparison of sialic acid levels between the groups. Pearsons correlation coefficient was used to assess correlation (P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant). The mean serum and salivary sialic acid levels were increased significantly in subjects with OPMDs and OC when compared to healthy controls. Conclusion: This study highlights the high expression of sialic acid on outer cell membranes, due to the significant increase in subjects with OPMDs and OC when compared to healthy controls. A significant increase in sialic acid level is also seen in saliva. Hence, it can be stated that saliva can be used as a reliable, noninvasive tool in diagnosis and management of OPMDs and OC.

Sıradışı bir yerde meydana gelen keratokistik odontojenik tümör

Keratokistik odontenik tumor, daha once Odontojenik Keratosist olarak bilinen, cenenin iyi huylu bir intraosseoz tumorudur. Maksiller tutulum literaturde az sayida olgu ile belgelenmis olup, cok sik karsilasilmayan bir durumdur. Bu yazida anterior maksillada keratokistik odontojenik tumorlu 35 yasinda bir erkek hasta sunulmustur.