Shivani Bansal

Silencing of GLUT-I inhibits sensitization of oral cancer cells to cisplatin during hypoxia

Background n nDuring tumor development, cells are exposed to a hypoxic microenvironment. Tumor hypoxia also has a profound influence on the sensitivity of cancer chemotherapy. n n n nThe objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of cisplatin (CDDP) resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells under hypoxia by analyzing gene expression profiles to identify key genes and factors involved. n n n nMethods n nCell viability was measured following culture of the cells in the presence or absence of CDDP, under normoxic or hypoxic conditions, using a CCK-8 assay. Analysis of the expression of HIF target genes in hypoxia-treated cells was performed using an HIF-regulated cDNA plate array. Changes in the mRNA expression of selected HIF target genes were analyzed using RT-PCR, and changes in the protein levels of these genes were analyzed by Western blotting. Tumor cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. n n n nResults n nThe OSCC cell lines responded differently to CDDP under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The expression of glucose transporter protein-1 (GLUT-1) was up-regulated in human squamous cell carcinoma of mouth (HSC-2) cells under hypoxia. Furthermore, there was little correlation between the cisplatin sensitivity of human squamous cell carcinoma of tongue (SAS) in normoxia and hypoxia. After GLUT-1 knockdown, CDDP treatment resulted in increased rates of apoptosis under hypoxia as compared with normoxia in cell lines HSC-2, Ca9-22, and SAS (Pxa0=xa00.025). n n n nConclusion n nThe results of this study suggest that knockdown of GLUT-1 inhibits sensitization of oral squamous cells to CDDP during hypoxia in HSC-2, Ca9-22, and SAS cells.

Keratocystic odontogenic tumor: systematic review with analysis of 72 additional cases from Mumbai, India

OBJECTIVEnThe aim of this systematic review was to assess the clinical and imaging findings of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT). This article also attempts to determine the prevalence of KOTs and orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) in the western Indian population and to compare demographic and radiographic findings of KOT of our cohort with that of the rest of the world.nnnSTUDY DESIGNnRelevant publications on KOT were reviewed from the published literature from 1976 to March 2012. Data regarding the 72 additional cases from Mumbai also were analyzed.nnnRESULTSnSixty-five reports were identified for this systematic review. The findings were divided into 4 global groups for analysis. The prevalence of KOT was 0.0173% and that of OOC 0.0012%. Male sex, mandible, and the unilocular variation were predominant for the additional cases.nnnCONCLUSIONSnThe characterization of the KOT lesions was accomplished, taking into consideration the variations to the western Indian population.

Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Cheek: A Case Report and Review

3. Chikazu D, Mori Y, Saijo H, et al: A case of tumoural calcinosis in the temporomandibular joint associated with systemic sclerosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 37:190, 2008 4. Kadowaki M, Naito K, Tobita M, et al: A case of symptomatic tumoral calcinosis on the great toe and review of the literature. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 128:551, 2008 5. Watanabe A, Isoe S, Kaneko M, et al: Tumoral calcinosis of the lumbar meninges: Case report. Neurosurgery 47:230, 2000 6. Cousins MA, Jones DB, Whyte MP, et al: Surgical management of calcinosis cutis universalis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 40:570, 1997

Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy and spectrum of autofluorescence of benign, dysplastic and malignant lesions of the oral cavity using VELscope

OBJECTIVESnConventional oral examination and biopsy are the only reliable methods for the early detection of oral cancer at present. Autofluorescence examination of oral tissues using the VELscope has been suggested as an adjunctive tool for cancer detection and diagnosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of the VELscope in recognizing dysplastic and/or neoplastic changes in oral mucosal lesions that were identified on conventional oral examination.nnnMATERIALS AND METHODSnTwo hundred patients with oral mucosal lesions were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by VELscope examination and their autofluorescence characteristics were compared with the histopathological diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the VELscope examination was calculated.nnnRESULTSnThe VELscope examination showed sensitivity and specificity values of 76% (95% CI: 54.87-90.64%) and 66.29% (95% CI: 58.76-73.24%) respectively while the positive and negative predictive values were 24.36% (95% CI: 19.22-30.36%) and 95.08% (95% CI: 90.52-97.51%) respectively.nnnCONCLUSIONnThe VELscope examination alone cannot provide a definitive diagnosis as to the presence of dysplastic tissue change. In spite of having a reasonable sensitivity, the high number of false-positive results limits its efficiency as an adjunct. However, a high negative predictive value can serve to alleviate patient anxiety regarding suspicious mucosal lesions in a general practice setting.

Solitary Periosteal Osteoma of the Mandible: A case report.

Osteoma of the jaw bones is a rare entity with very few cases reported in the literature. Osteomas are benign, slow-growing osteogenic tumours of the bone commonly encountered in the craniofacial skeleton and characterised by the proliferation of compact or cancellous bone. They can be central, peripheral or extra-skeletal in their location. In the facial region, periosteal osteomas occur more frequently in the paranasal sinuses, but solitary periosteal osteomas of the jaw bones are quite rare. The mandible is more commonly affected than the maxilla, with the sites of predilection being the lingual aspect of the body, the angle and the inferior border. We report a case of a solitary periosteal osteoma on the buccal aspect of the mandible in a 42-year-old woman.

Clinical and imaging findings of true hemifacial hyperplasia.

Congenital hemifacial hyperplasia is a rare developmental disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by a marked unilateral facial asymmetry. It involves the hard (bones and teeth) and soft tissues of the face. We report an interesting case of true hemifacial hyperplasia in a 25-year-old male highlighting the clinical and computed tomography imaging findings.

Florid osseous dysplasia

The concept of ‘fibro-osseous lesions’ of bone has evolved over the last several decades and now includes two major entities, viz., fibrous dysplasia and ossifying fibroma, as well as other less common entities such as periapical dysplasia, focal osseous dysplasia, florid osseous dysplasia and familial gigantiform cementoma. Florid osseous dysplasia is a central lesion of the bone and periodontium, which has caused considerable controversy because of confusion regarding terminology and criteria for diagnosis. This paper reports a rare case of florid osseous dysplasia affecting maxilla and mandible bilaterally in a 14-year-old Indian male patient.