Shumaia Parvin

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIFUNGAL AND INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AND ITS FRACTIONATES OF SANCHEZIA SPECIOSA HOOK. F.

The present study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and insecticidal activities of plant Sanchezia speciosa Hook. F . extract against pathogenic bacteria and fungi by disc diffusion method and insect by surface film activity test. Fifteen different species of Gram - positive and Gram - negative bacteria, six species of fungi an d Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) insect were used for this screening. The result revealed that among the three fractions obtained by solvent solvent pa rtitioning, chloroform fraction was the best extractive for antibacterial and antifungal properties than ot her two fractions (pet - ether, ethyl acetate). The ranges of zone of inhibition were 8 ± 0.01 to 23 ± 0.02 mm using 500 μg/disc. In addition the minimum inhib itory concentrations (MICs) of different solvent fraction s tested were found to be in the range from 16 µg/ ml to 128 µg/ml against fifteen pathogenic bacteria depending on isolates and extracting solvent . The insectici dal assay also indicated reasonable activity with 60 %, 40 % and 20 % mortality rate of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) at a dose of 50 mg/ml in 48 hours for chloroform, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extract respectively. This is the first report of antib acterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities of the ethanolic extract and it ’ s fractionates (Chloroform, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether fraction) of Sanchezia speciosa Hook. F .

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES AND BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY BIOASSAY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT FROM MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM. LEAVES

The present work was accomplished to explore the antibacterial activity and cytotoxic potentials of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves using d isc diffusion method and brine shrimp lethality test respectively. Four Gram - positive and eight Gram - negative human pathogenic bacteria were u sed for antibacterial screening. Ethanolic extract of leaves showe d prominent activity against all the microbes with the zo ne of inhibition ranging from 10.1 to 26 .3 mm. Comparatively hi gher activity was exhibited by G ram negative bacteria, in that case Escherichia coli and Shigella dysenteriae showed 26 .3 mm and 25 .2 mm zone of inhibition. The MIC values for Gram negative bacteria ranged from 62.5 to 125 µg/ml while for Gram posi tive bacteria ranged from 125 - 250 µg/ml. Cytoto xic potentials were evaluated f r om leaves extract against Artemia salina Leach at concentration s of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/ml and vincristine sulph at e was used as positive control. The extract s showed significant brine shrimp lethality having LC 50 value of 8.12 µg/ml in comparison wi th the standard vincristine sulph ate having LC 50 value of 6.76 µg/ml . The results suggest that ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves can be considered as a source of natural antibacterial and anticancer agent.

FORMULATION OF DEXIBUPROFEN SOLID LIPID NANO PARTICLES AND ITS EVALUATION BY IN VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDY

D exibuprofen is a poorly water soluble nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory drug, prescribed for moderate to severe p ain and inflammation. It is the active dextrorotatory enantiomer of ibuprofen and has better anti - in flammatory effect . Hence present study was carried out to enhance dissolution properties of dexibuprofen through the preparation of solid lipid nano particl es (SLNPs) using stearic acid as lipid, lutrol F - 68 (Poloxamer) as surfactant and tween - 80 as stabilizer by hot homogenization method. Six formulations were prepared in different ratios and were designated as DNP1 to DNP6 . USP type II rotating paddle disso lution studies in 900 ml distilled water at 50 rpm to a temperature of 37°C ± 0.5°C were performed for evaluation of solid lipid nano particles. UV s pectrophotometric method was selected for assay as well as in - vitro dissolution studies at λ max 222 nm. The drug release profil e followed zero order and first order kinetics. In - vitro studies showed that solubility and dissolution rate of dexibuprofen were significantly improved by SLN formulation than the d rug alone . This result may trigger mor e research in the intension of exploiting this feature to develop a novel drug delivery system for dexibuprofen with enhanced bioavailability.