Shunji Matsuura

Bubbling surface operators and S-duality

We construct smooth asymptotically \ads solutions of Type IIB supergravity corresponding to all the half-BPS surface operators in = 4 SYM. All the parameters labeling a half-BPS surface operator are identified in the corresponding bubbling geometry. We use the supergravity description of surface operators to study the action of the SL(2,Z) duality group of = 4 SYM on the parameters of the surface operator, and find that it coincides with the recent proposal by Gukov and Witten in the framework of the gauge theory approach to the geometrical Langlands with ramification. We also show that whenever a bubbling geometry becomes singular that the path integral description of the corresponding surface operator also becomes singular.

Probing = 4 SYM with surface operators

In this paper we study surface operators in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We compute surface operator observables, such as the expectation value of surface operators, the correlation function of surface operators with local operators, and the correlation function of surface operators with Wilson and ’t Hooft loops. The calculations are performed using three different realizations of surface operators, corresponding respectively to the gauge theory path integral definition, the probe brane description in AdS5×S and the “bubbling” supergravity description of surface operators. We find remarkable agreement between the different calculations performed using the three different realizations. 05/2008 drukker@physik.hu-berlin.de jgomis@perimeterinstitute.ca smatsuura@perimeterinstitute.ca

FRW Solutions and Holography from Uplifted AdS/CFT

Starting from concrete AdS/CFT dual pairs, one can introduce ingredients which produce cosmological solutions, including metastable de Sitter and its decay to non-accelerating FRW. We present simple FRW solutions sourced by magnetic flavor branes and analyze correlation functions and particle and brane dynamics. To obtain a holographic description, we exhibit a time-dependent warped metric on the solution and interpret the resulting redshifted region as a Lorentzian low energy effective field theory in one fewer dimension. At finite times, this theory has a finite cutoff, a propagating lower dimensional graviton and a finite covariant entropy bound, but at late times the lower dimensional Planck mass and entropy go off to infinity in a way that is dominated by contributions from the low energy effective theory. This opens up the possibility of a precise dual at late times. We reproduce the time-dependent growth of the number of degrees of freedom in the system via a count of available microscopic states in the corresponding magnetic brane construction.

Heavy element production in inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis

We present a new astrophysical site of the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) that are very peculiar compared with the standard BBN. Some models of the baryogenesis suggest that very high baryon density regions were formed in the early universe. On the other hand, recent observations suggest that heavy elements already exist in high red-shifts and the origin of these elements become a big puzzle. Motivated by these, we investigate BBN in very high baryon density regions. BBN proceeds in proton-rich environment, which is known to be like the p-process. However, by taking very heavy nuclei into account, we find that BBN proceeds through both the p-process and the r-process simultaneously. P-nuclei such as {sup 92}Mo, {sup 94}Mo, {sup 96}Ru, {sup 98}Ru whose origin is not well known are also synthesized.

Reply to “Comment on ‘Heavy element production in inhomogeneous big bang nucleosynthesis’”

This is a reply to Rauscher [Phys. Rev. D 75, 068301 (2007)]. We studied heavy element production in the high baryon density region in the early universe [Phys. Rev. D 72, 123505 (2005)]. However, it is claimed by Rauscher [Phys. Rev. D 75, 068301 (2007)] that a small scale but high baryon density region contradicts observations for the light element abundance or, in order not to contradict the observations, the high density region must be so small that it cannot affect the present heavy element abundance. In this paper, we study big bang nucleosynthesis in the high baryon density region and show that in certain parameter spaces it is possible to produce enough of the heavy element without contradiction to cosmic microwave background and light element observations.

Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis and Heavy Element Production from Inhomogeneous Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

Recent observations have revealed that small-scale structure exists at high redshift. We study the possibility of the formation of such structure during baryogenesis and big bang nucleosynthesis. It is known that under certain conditions, high density baryonic bubbles are created in the Affleck-Dine model of baryogenesis, and these bubbles may occupy a relatively small fraction of space, while the dominant part of the cosmological volume is characterized by the normal observed baryon-to-photon ratio, η = 6.10 -10 . The value of η in the bubbles could be much larger than the usually accepted value (indeed, even close to unity) and still be consistent with the existing data on light element abundances and the observed angular spectrum of cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR). We find upper bounds on η by comparing the abundances of heavy elements produced in big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and those of metal poor stars. We conclude that η should be smaller than 10 -5 in some metal poor star regions.

FRW solutions and holography from uplifted AdS/CFT systems

Starting from concrete AdS/CFT dual pairs, one can introduce ingredients which produce cosmological solutions, including metastable de Sitter and its decay to nonaccelerating FRW. We present simple FRW solutions sourced by magnetic flavor branes and analyze correlation functions and particle and brane dynamics. To obtain a holographic description, we exhibit a time-dependent warped metric on the solution and interpret the resulting redshifted region as a Lorentzian low energy effective field theory in one fewer dimension. At finite times, this theory has a finite cutoff, a propagating lower dimensional graviton and a finite covariant entropy bound, but at late times the lower dimensional Planck mass and entropy go off to infinity in a way that is dominated by contributions from the low energy effective theory. This opens up the possibility of a precise dual at late times. We reproduce the time-dependent growth of the number of degrees of freedom in the system via a count of available microscopic states in the corresponding magnetic brane construction. ar X iv :1 10 8. 57 32 v1 [ he pth ] 2 9 A ug 2 01 1