Silvana Rubano Barretto Turci

Auto-avaliação de saúde e limitações físicas decorrentes de problemas de saúde

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate self-rated health and physical disabilities due to health problems. METHODS: Population-based cross-sectional study carried out in 18 Brazilian cities between 2002 and 2005. There were interviewed 26,424 residents (aged 15 years or more) of households selected by a two-stage probabilistic sampling. Percentages and confidence intervals were calculated considering the study design effects. RESULTS: Poorer self-rated health status and physical disabilities were found among women, those aged 50 years old or more and those with lower education. In addition, higher percentages of fair or poor self-rated health were found in cities in Northern and Northeastern Brazil compared to those in Southern and Southeastern Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: Poorer health conditions in the North/Northeast compared to the South/Southeast regions reflect factors related to social inequalities, mainly lower education.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a autopercepcao de saude e a presenca de limitacoes fisicas devido a problemas de saude. METODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado entre 2002 e 2005, em 18 capitais de estados do Brasil. Entrevistaram-se 26.424 moradores de 15 anos ou mais de idade em domicilios selecionados por amostra probabilistica em dois estagios. Calcularam-se percentuais e intervalos de confianca considerando-se os efeitos do desenho do estudo. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que as piores condicoes de saude sao referidas por mulheres, individuos com 50 anos ou mais e com menor grau de escolaridade. Os percentuais relacionados a percepcao de saude regular ou ruim foram maiores nas cidades das regioes Norte e Nordeste quando comparados aos das cidades das regioes Sul e Sudeste. CONCLUSOES: As piores condicoes de saude das regioes Norte/Nordeste comparadas as das regioes Sul/Sudeste revelam um conjunto de fatores relacionados as desigualdades sociais, entre os quais o menor grau de escolaridade.

Epidemiologia e Saúde Coletiva: tendências da produção epidemiológica brasileira quanto ao volume, indexação e áreas de investigação - 2001 a 2006

This article examines and interprets the trends of epidemiological production in Brazil in the Public Health context. CAPES indicators from 2001 to 2006 were used as database. We analyzed 26 programs and select the 10 major ones to analyze their bibliographic production in indexed journals. It was observed that the total production of epidemiological articles accounted for 40% of production in Public Health and 55% of the production was published in international journals, especially Cadernos de Saude Publica, Revista de Saude Publica and Ciencia & Saude Coletiva. The most prevalent themes were public health nutrition, maternal and infant health and, infectious diseases, particularly AIDS. Environmental e workers heath, oral health, violence and health of the elderly have been ratified as objects of study for the discipline, while meta-analysis and geoprocessing appear as a useful tool for health services. We conclude that the epidemiological production tends to increase in indexed publications, covering various topics and a wide spectrum of relevant issues to Brazilian health policy.

A Política de Controle do Tabaco no Brasil: um balanço de 30 anos

The article presents a review of Brazilian tobacco control policies from 1986 to 2016, based on contributions from political economics and analyses of public policies. The institutionalization of tobacco control in the country was marked by more general changes in health policies and by specific events related to the theme. Brazils international leadership role, a robust National Tobacco Control Policy, the role of civil society and the media all contributed to the success of tobacco control in this country. However, challenges remain regarding crop diversification in tobacco farms, illegal trade in cigarettes, pressure from the tobacco industry and the sustainability of the Policy. This study reinforces the importance of bearing in mind the relationship between the domestic and international context, and the articulation between different governmental and non-governmental sectors and players when analyzing complex health policies. Continuity and consolidation of the tobacco control policies depend on the persistence of a broad institutional framework to guide the States actions in social protection, in accordance with Unified Healthcare System guidelines.The article presents a review of Brazilian tobacco control policies from 1986 to 2016, based on contributions from political economics and analyses of public policies. The institutionalization of tobacco control in the country was marked by more general changes in health policies and by specific events related to the theme. Brazils international leadership role, a robust National Tobacco Control Policy, the role of civil society and the media all contributed to the success of tobacco control in this country. However, challenges remain regarding crop diversification in tobacco farms, illegal trade in cigarettes, pressure from the tobacco industry and the sustainability of the Policy. This study reinforces the importance of bearing in mind the relationship between the domestic and international context, and the articulation between different governmental and non-governmental sectors and players when analyzing complex health policies. Continuity and consolidation of the tobacco control policies depend on the persistence of a broad institutional framework to guide the States actions in social protection, in accordance with Unified Healthcare System guidelines.

Aplicação de uma metodologia de screening para avaliar a mortalidade por câncer em municípios selecionados do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil

An epidemiological investigation was launched in several cities in southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil, considering the possibility of increased cancer incidence due to high exposure to natural radiation. First, the cancer mortality patterns were assessed to determine whether there was an increase in cancer deaths and to discuss the possible risk factors related to such an increase. The study proposed the use of a screening methodology based on standardized mortality ratio (SMR) in order to classify priority areas for future studies. Cities considered high priority for further investigation were: Andradas, for lung cancer in men (SMR = 208 (106-310)) and liver cancer in women (SMR = 403 (104-701)); Poços de Caldas, leukemia in men and women (SMR = 284 (156-412)) and SMR = 211 (111-312), respectively); Pouso Alegre, leukemia in men (SMR = 333 (127-540)) and hematological cancers in women (SMR = 257 (188-396)). Epidemiological studies are necessary to evaluate the role of radiation and other risk factors in these cancers and thus to support future preventive and control measures.