Silvia Gattino

Antecedenti della sindrome di burnout nella sanità pubblica: fattori interpersonali e organizzativi

Determinants of the burnout syndrome in public health: interpersonal and organizational factors - The contribution illustrates the results of a research on the determinants of the burnout syndrome. This was carried out in four Piemontese hospitals in order to put into practice actions of prevention of the surveyed discomfort. The aim is to compare, besides the traditional individual factors, the determinants belonging to the interpersonal sphere and those that may be traced back to the organizational dimension. The regression analysis allow to define a sort of priority map for the following intervention, that is to locate wards and professional groups more at risk, in relation to the critical group and/or organizational state. Results also show the role that interpersonal factors play in the onset, the structuring and the evolution of the syndrome. Keywords: burnout syndrome, public health, organizational factors. Parole chiave: sindrome di burnout, sanita pubblica, fattori organizzativi.

Giustizia organizzativa, supporto sociale e burnout tra lavoratori della Sanità : effetti diretti e di moderazione

Il contributo illustra i risultati di una ricerca sul ruolo che la giustizia organizzativa e il supporto sociale - da parte di colleghi e superiori - hanno in ambito lavorativo sull’insorgere del burnout. Obiettivo e evidenziare gli effetti di queste dimensioni organizzative sull’insorgere della sindrome e, nel dettaglio, identificare gli eventuali effetti di moderazione del supporto sociale sulla relazione tra giustizia organizzativa e burnout. Lo studio e stato condotto nell’Azienda Sanitaria Ospedaliera piu grande del Piemonte e ha coinvolto 503 operatori che lavorano in tre reparti molto diversi dal punto di vista delle caratteristiche dei pazienti e dell’intensita del sistema di cure (ICU e non-ICU): medicina d’urgenza, medicina interna e radiodiagnostica. I risultati hanno messo in luce sia la presenza di effetti diretti della giustizia e del supporto sociale sul burnout, sia effetti di moderazione del supporto sociale sulla relazione tra giustizia e dimensioni del burnout, diversificati sulla base dei reparti coinvolti nell’indagine. .

Muslim Acculturation in a Catholic Country: Its Associations With Religious Identity, Beliefs, and Practices

The literature suggests that religion may play an important role in the acculturation process of immigrants by contributing to the maintenance of the heritage culture and preventing identification with the mainstream. With few exceptions, studies on this topic have focused on religion as a whole by assessing specific aspects or dimensions (such as religious identification, beliefs, and practices) and creating a composite measure without analyzing the contribution of each dimension to the acculturation process. In this study, the relationships between specific religious dimensions and acculturation were assessed with a sample of 282 Muslim immigrants who were recruited in the northern part of Italy. Two regression models show that religious identification drives the maintenance of Muslim culture but is unrelated to the acculturation to Italian culture, whereas beliefs and practices do not contribute to heritage acculturation but are negatively associated to acculturation to the host culture.

Acculturation in the discourse of immigrants and receiving community members: Results from a cross-national qualitative study.

This study explores the bidirectional and interactional process of acculturation from the perspectives of immigrants and receiving community members (RCMs). Our aim was to understand the experiences and interactions of different ethno-cultural groups and their impact on the functioning and dynamics of multicultural communities. We conducted a cross-national, cross-cultural study of acculturation processes, using interviews collected across two countries (Italy: urban regions of Torino and Lecce; U.S.: Baltimore/Washington corridor) and three distinct groups of immigrants—Moroccans and Albanians in Italy and Latin Americans in the United States—and RCMs in Italy and the United States. Findings show that acculturation is a complex, situated, and dynamic process, and is generally conceived as an unbalanced and individual process of accommodation, which expects the immigrant alone to adapt to the new context. The boundaries among traditionally explored acculturation strategies were blurred and while integration was the most frequently discussed strategy, it often referenced a “soft” assimilation, limited mostly to public domains. Some differences emerged between ethnic groups and generation of immigration as well as among RCMs who differed by level of contact with immigrants. The need for more flexible models and for a critical perspective on acculturation is discussed.

Protective versus risk factors for self-objectification in different age and gender cohorts

The harmful effects of objectification and self-objectification have been widely investigated, but few studies have examined factors that may predict self-objectification. This research intends to assess the protective versus risk role of sociodemographic and physical characteristics (age, BMI), psychosocial variables (self-esteem; self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism), and social factors (influence of family and friends; internalization of media standards) on self-objectification in men and women. The selfobjectification was assessed with two subscales of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale: Body Shame and Body Surveillance. Participants were 812 Italian adults of different age cohorts (age range 21-60 years; 50.7% females) recruited via a quota sampling method. Two regression models separately for males and females were performed. Results showed that mass media influence was the strongest predictor for body surveillance and body shame in both men and women, whereas gender-related patterns emerged for physical, psychological, and relational variables with age as moderator.