Simone Maria de Albuquerque Lira

Sessile and sedentary macrofauna from the Pirapama Shipwreck, Pernambuco, Brazil

Shipwrecks are considered artificial reef environments - structures immersed in aquatic environments (especially marine ones) that provide fauna with shelter, hard substrates, food and nursery areas. This study aimed to survey the benthic animal biodiversity of the Pirapama shipwreck, located 23 m deep and six miles off Recife harbor. From 2001 to 2007, species were observed, photographed and collected through scuba diving. The material was later sorted and identified in the laboratory. A total of 76 sessile and sedentary animal taxa were recorded belonging to the following phyla: Porifera (Demospongiae and Calcarea), Cnidaria (Hydrozoa and Anthozoa), Mollusca (Bivalvia and Gastropoda), Annelida (Polychaeta), Arthropoda (Cirripedia), Bryozoa (Gymnolaemata), Echinodermata (Asteroidea and Echinoidea), and Chordata (Ascidiacea). The greatest richness was for Porifera and Bryozoa - 13 listed species for each. Eleven new occurrences were recorded for the state of Pernambuco, the hydroid Halopteris polymorpha and ten bryozoan species, one of them being the first record for Brazil (Scrupocellaria curacaoensis). The Pirapamas biodiversity was considered typical when compared to other shipwrecks that have been studied around the world.

First record of Naushonia sp. (Decapoda: Laomediidae) larva from the Equatorial Atlantic

The first zoeal-stage larva of a possibly new species of mud shrimp Naushonia (Decapoda: Gebiidea: Laomediidae) was described from plankton samples taken off the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, being the first occurrence at the oceanic islands of the Equatorial Atlantic. Five zoea I larvae were obtained and dissected for observation of mouthparts. This zoea I of Naushonia sp. is well distinguished from the first larvae of N. portoricensis (Rathbun 1901) from the Caribbean and N. cangronoides (Kingsley 1897) from the Northwest Atlantic in terms of development and setation of appendages, and possibly belongs to a new, undescribed species. The present study widens the knowledge on tropical oceanic decapod larvae and provides detailed drawings and new photographic illustrations with extended depth of field of these organisms.

New records of the larval forms Cerataspis monstrosa and Amphionides reynaudii (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the western tropical Atlantic

The current biogeographic and taxonomic knowledge on decapod larvae in tropical oceans is still very incomplete, in spite of their huge ecological and socio-economic importance. The present study reports two new records for decapod larval forms in pelagic environments off oceanic islands in the western tropical Atlantic, and provides detailed diagnoses and images of these larvae. Samples were taken from July 2010 to November 2014 using neuston, bongo and WP-2 nets at three localities: St. Peter and St. Pauls Archipelago (SPSP), Rocas Atoll (RA) and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FN). The larval forms Cerataspis monstrosa (Gray, 1828) and Amphionides reynaudii (H. Milne Edwards, 1832) were recorded around these areas, constituting the first record for these oceanic islands. Out of 121 samples analyzed, one specimen of C. monstrosa (Mysis II) was found off FN, and 20 specimens of A. reynaudii in nine distinct stages (Mysis II, IV, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII) were found off SPSP, RA and FN.

ESTIMATIVA DA BIOMASSA, ABUNDÂNCIA, DENSIDADE E BIOVOLUME DO ZOOPLÂNCTON ESTUARINO E MARINHO TROPICAL ATRAVÉS DE ANÁLISE DE IMAGEM

A biomassa, biovolume e estrutura da comunidade zooplanctonica do estuario do Rio Formoso e da Baia de Tamandare foram estudadas durante junho e agosto de 2013. Estas informacoes permitem um maior conhecimento das interacoes ecologicas e os aspectos relevantes das populacoes que consistem a comunidade zooplanctonica nas areas estudadas. As amostras foram coletas usando duas redes de plâncton (malhas de 200 e 300 µm) atraves de arrastos subsuper-ficiais horizontais com duracao de 5 minutos. Em laboratorio, foi obtido o peso umido de cada amostra (n=24 amostras). Para quantificar o biovolume dos grupos taxonomicos das foi utilizado o equipa- mento ZooScan, sistema optico desenvolvido para detectar e mensurar a distribuicao de tamanhos de particulas do zooplâncton. Copepodes, decapodes e apendicularias formaram os grupos mais abundantes. Valores mais elevados e biomassa umida total, densidade total e biovolume total ocorreram no ambiente estuarino em relacao ao ambiente marinho e na rede com abertura de malha de 200 micrometros em relacao a malha de 300. Os resultados tambem demons-traram a existencia de uma relacao linear entre os valores de biomassa e os de biovolume. Este estudo mostra a viabilidade do ZooScan para o estudo das comunidades do zooplâncton estuarino tropical e costeiro. Palavras-chave: Zooscan, peso umido, Rio Formoso, Baia de Tamandare.