Simony Fabíola Lopes Nunes

Ineffective airway clearance in adult patients after thoracic and upper abdominal surgery

AIM The aim of this study is to analyze the accuracy of the defining characteristics of ineffective airway clearance (IAC) in patients after thoracic and upper abdominal surgery. BACKGROUND Although numerous studies have described the most prevalent respiratory NANDA-I diagnoses, only few investigates the precision of nursing assessments. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 192 patients in a surgical clinic. Accuracy measures were obtained by the latent class analysis method. RESULTS IAC was present in 46.73% of the sample. The defining characteristics with better predictive capacity were changes in respiratory rate and changes in respiratory rhythm. However, other defining characteristics also had high specificity, such as restlessness, cyanosis, excessive sputum, wide-eyed, orthopnea, adventitious breathing sounds, ineffective cough, and difficulty vocalizing. CONCLUSION Results can contribute to the improvement of nursing assessments by providing information about the key clinical indicators of IAC.

The daily lives of people with Parkinson's disease

OBJECTIVE To understand the daily lives of people with Parkinsons disease. METHOD Qualitative research, using as methodological and theoretical referential the Grounded Theory and Symbolic Interactionism, respectively. The in-depth interview was conducted with 30 people with Parkinsons disease. RESULTS From data analysis, three themes were selected: Living with the disease - living with the treatment and changes in lifestyle; Modifying of ones job performance - revealing incapacity for work and the need to anticipate retirement and; Living with the stigma - the feeling of prejudice against the disease and the perceived limitations of the health services. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS Living with a chronic and non-transferable disease encompasses social, physical and cultural effects, along with the personal experiences of each unique individual. This study assists the improvement of care to people with the disease, because the care practice emerges from the interactions between the subjects.

Respiratory status of adult patients in the postoperative period of thoracic or upper abdominal surgeries

1 Apoyo financiero Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Maranhão Fapema 2 Enfermera 3 PhD, Profesor Adjunto, Centro de Ciências Sociais, Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Imperatriz, MA, Brasil 4 MSc, Profesor Asistente, Universidade do Sul do Maranhão, Imperatriz, MA, Brasil 5 Mestría, Profesor Asistente, Centro de Ciências Sociais, Saúde e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Imperatriz, MA, Brasil 6 PhD, Profesor Visitante, Instituto de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-brasileira, Redenção, CE, Brasil, Estado respiratorio de pacientes adultos en el postoperatorio de cirugías torácicas o de abdomen superior1ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the respiratory status of postoperative adult patients by assessing the nursing outcome Respiratory Status. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional study developed with 312 patients. Eighteen NOC indicators were assessed and rated using a Likert-scale questionnaire and definitions. Descriptive and correlative analysis were conducted. Results: the most compromised clinical indicators were coughing (65.5%), auscultated breath sounds (55%), and respiratory rate (51.3%). Factors associated with worse NOC ratings in specific clinical indicators were sex, age, pain, and general anesthesia. Conclusions: certain clinical indicators of respiratory status were more compromised than others in postoperative patients. Patient and context-related variables can affect the level of respiratory compromise.

Sociodemographic profile and quality of life of active older adults belonging to a physical exercise program and sedentary elderly, linked to a basic health unit

Objective: To identify the sociodemographic profile and to compare the quality of life of elderly people who practice physical exercises in a group with sedentary elderly. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, composed of two groups: Group I consisted of 50 elderly people practicing physical exercise in a group; and Group II composed of 50 sedentary elderlies. Data were collected through two questionnaires; one questionnaire focused on the sociodemographic data survey and the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed by the BioEstat 5.0 program using the Z-Test. Results: Group I had better scores in the domains, limitations due to physical aspects and general health, in the other domains, group II had better scores. Factor that can be attributed to the modality of the physical exercise performed by group I that was in the group I and by the form of the allocation of the sample. Conclusion: The women were mostly in group I, and both groups were comprised of seniors over 61 years old, widowers and retirees. Statistically, only the general state of health showed a significant difference between the two groups.

Conhecimento dos pacientes do programa HIPERDIA sobre a Doença Renal Crônica

O objetivo desse artigo e oferecer ao Tecnico em Saude Bucal subsidios cognitivos sobre Modelos de Atencao a Saude como forma de suprir as lacunas deixadas pelos cursos de formacao, os quais muitas vezes focam nos aspectos biologicos, no reconhecimento e atuacao da doenca e na reabilitacao do doenteO objetivo desse artigo e conduzir o Tecnico em Saude Bucal, a partir do modelo de atencao e da logica adotados pelo Sistema Unico de Saude, a reflexao e orientacao de suas praticas cotidianas na vigilância a saudeNo mundo, meio milhao de mulheres morrem por complicacoes da gravidez, parto e puerperio. O objetivo e descrever o indicador de qualidade da assistencia pre-natal no Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Imperatriz-MA. Apenas 17,29% das mulheres receberam atendimento adequado no pre-natal. Medidas devem ser adotadas para melhorar a qualidade dessa assistencia.Objetivos: Abordar os desafios e as perspectivas do Controle Social no campo da saude com vistas ao desenvolvimento de politicas publicas no Brasil. Metodologia: Revisao literaria na base de dados Scielo, onde foram selecionados artigos completos em lingua portuguesa publicados entre os anos de 1999 a 2012 atraves dos descritores: Controle Social, Mobilizacao Social, Politicas Publicas e Promocao da Saude. Resultados: Apesar de legitimar a participacao popular nas decisoes politicas virtualmente democraticas, as Politicas em Saude marginalizam a construcao simbolica de sujeitos epistemicos capazes de repensar sua realidade e construir dispositivos de mudancas sociais, criando estruturas rigidas incapazes de se moldar conforme a os desejos socialmente construidos. Fica o desafio da construcao de sensibilidade e vinculo, alem de sua introjecao nas instituicoes e Politicas Publicas em Saude, flexiveis ao conhecimento auto-reflexivo e empoderamento sociais. Conclusao: Cabe ampliar o olhar para a construcao de instrumentos e sensibilidades capazes de mobilizar coletivos na luta pelo direito a saude e aos bens coletivos, investindo em metodologias relacionais de construcao da cidadania.Tomando por base as normas regulamentadoras do processo de formacao do curso de graduacao em enfermagem, espera-se que o egresso desse curso desenvolva habilidades e competencias para desempenhar todas as funcoes, descritas nesta pesquisa, visando a reorganizacao da Atencao Basica no pais, de acordo com os preceitos do Sistema Unico de Saude. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo conhecer o perfil do egresso do curso de graduacao de enfermagem, de uma Instituicao Privada de Ensino Superior (IES) de Brasilia/DF, e sua percepcao sobre atencao basica a saude: formacao, motivacao e perspectiva para o mercado de trabalho. A pesquisa do tipo exploratorio e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, teve coleta de dados no mes de junho de 2013, por aplicacao de questionario semiestruturado a uma populacao de 61 academicos matriculados no ultimo semestre do curso de graduacao em enfermagem, com curriculos compostos por 08 semestres letivos, contado com 37 desses como amostra para a pesquisa. Foram identificadas diversas atividades durante o curso na abordagem da atencao basica a saude, dentre elas teorica e pratica. Os resultados sustentam discussoes para avaliacao curricular, formacao de docentes e formacao de academicos. Recomenda-se maior insercao do academico em atividades que fomentem seu direcionamento para esse campo de atuacao profissional.

Prevalência e fatores associados à anemia em gestantes atendidas em uma maternidade pública no município de Imperatriz, Maranhão

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram negative bacterium that cause chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcers and can predispose the gastric cancer. The study aimed to determinate the prevalence of H. pylori infection by different methods of diagnosis in patients submitted to endoscopy. Of the 145 patients included in the study, were collected fragments of gastric mucosa for histological analysis, and for the rapid urease test. The breath test was also performed. The H. pylori infection was detected in 84 (57.9%) patients by histological study, the rapid test of urease was positive in 81 (55,8%) and the breath test in 62 (56,3%). There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the prevalence of infection by different methods of diagnosis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in our community was lower than that found in the literature for patients with age similar to this study (mean = 53.19 years).