Siti Muflichatun Mardiati

Effect of ethanolic Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract as an herb contraceptive on Hepato-somatic Index of the male mice (Mus musculus)

Neem has been known as herb contraceptive plant which shows an antifertility effect both in male and female rats. The anti-fertility compound of Neem has the same potencies to interfere with or affect the function of several organs. The Hepato-somatic index (HSI) reflects the value of toxic compounds that enter the animal body also. HSI values can also be used to assess animal health levels. A study to examine the effect of ethanolic extract of Neem as an herb contraceptive to the hepato-somatic index of male mice has been done. Neem leaf was collected from the campus area, dried, mashed then extracted with ethanol 70%. Mature male Swiss Webster mice with 25-30 grams in weight were used as laboratory animals. Mice were divided into 4 groups: P0 (given distilled water), P1, P2, and P3 were given Neem leaf extract with 8.4, 11.2 and 14 mg/KgBW/day respectively. Each treatment group had six replications. Treatment was given orally for 21 days. The body weight was measured every week until the end of treatment. The mice were anesthetized with chloroform at the end of treatment, continued by dissecting and isolating liver isolation. The isolated liver is then weighed to determine the HSI value. Data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by DMRT test. The results showed that the body weight of control group showed a significant difference (p 0.05) with the P1 and P2 treatment groups but showed a significant difference (p<0.05) with the P3 treatment group. It can be concluded that the exposure of ethanolic Neem leaves extract as herb contraceptive affects liver function which causes the increase of hepatic weight and HSI value.

APLIKASI PAKAN KAYA NUTRISI DENGAN SUPLEMENTASI DAGING IKAN GABUS (Channa striata) DAN PERANNYA DALAM PERBAIKAN STRUKTUR DUODENUM: KAJIAN IN VIVO PADA TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIBERI PERLAKUAN STRES

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh gambaran histologis duodenum, yang meliputi diameter, panjang vili, dan tebal lapisan mukosa setelah pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus pada tikus Wistar dari waktu pasca stres. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini terdiri atas P0: kontrol, hewan uji yang dikondisikan stres 6 hari yang diikuti pemberian pakan tanpa suplementasi daging ikan gabus; P1, P2, P3, dan P4 adalah hewan uji yang dikondisikan stres selama 6 hari dan diberi pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus selama 14 hari, berturut-turut 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% dari waktu pasca stres. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah diameter, panjang vili, dan ketebalan lapisan mukosa duodenum usus halus. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan taraf signifikansi 95%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus dengan konsentrasi 15% memberi pengaruh pada peningkatan diameter, panjang vili, dan ketebalan lapisan mukosa duodenum, berturut-turut 2520 μm, 576,34 μm, dan 506 μm, masing-masing lebih tinggi 23,43%, 46,37%, dan 45,26% dibanding kontrol. Kata kunci: daging ikan gabus, diameter vili, panjang vili, ketebalan lapisan mukosa duodenum dan suplemen

PERBAIKAN HISTOLOGIS PUSAT LEARNING AND MEMORY DI HIPOKAMPUS OTAK SETELAH PERLAKUAN SUPLEMEN DAGING IKAN GABUS (Channa striata)

Cornu ammonis (CA3 dan CA1) merupakan struktur di hipokampus yang merupakan pusat learning and memory. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh gambaran perbaikan histologis lapisan CA3 dan CA1 di hipokampus otak tikus setelah suplementasi daging ikan gabus dalam pakan pasca stres. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah Tikus Wistar jantan. Perlakuan yang diberikan, meliputi P0: kontrol, yaitu tikus Wistar yang dikondisikan stres selama 6 hari yang diikuti pemberian pakan tanpa suplementasi daging ikan gabus selama 14 hari; P1, P2, P3, dan P4, berturut-turut adalah tikus Wistar yang dikondisikan stres yang diikuti pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Variabel penelitian yang diukur adalah ketebalan lapisan CA3 dan CA1. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan taraf signifikansi 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus sebanyak 15% selama 14 hari pada tikus Wistar pasca stres memberi pengaruh terbaik pada perbaikan histologis lapisan CA3 dan CA1 hipokampus, berturut-turut 53,60 μm2 (17,49%) dan 46,31 μm2 (78,32%), lebih baik dibanding kontrol. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Pemberian pakan dengan suplementasi daging ikan gabus selama 14 hari pada tikus Wistar pasca stres dapat memperbaiki lapisan CA3 dan CA1 di hipokampus otak. Kata kunci: cornu ammonis, daging ikan gabus, hipokampus, learning and memory, suplemen

The estradiol 17-β concentration in mice after treated with ethanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (neem)

This research was conducted to determine the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) on plasma estradiol 17-β synthesis in mice. Thirty virgin female mice (Swiss Webster strain) between 2.5 and 3 months old (25 ± 2.5 g body weight) were used as the experimental sample. The mice were divided into five groups: K-group were administered tap water; K+ group were administered contraceptive pills; P1 to P3 group were administered orally with ethanolic A. indica leaf extract at doses of 8.4, 11.2, and 14 mg/animal/day, respectively. The regularity of the estrous cycle was monitored during treatment. The mice were sacrificed after being treated orally for 21 days and blood was collected by cardiac puncture under chloroform anesthesia. The estradiol concentration was measured by ELISA. Ovaries were processed with the paraffin method and HE staining. Our results showed that the estrous cycle irregularity of treated groups was higher than K-group. The estradiol concentration was significantly d...