Sofia Beatriz Mendonça

Dinâmica demográfica dos Kamaiurá, povo Tupi do Parque Indígena do Xingu, Mato Grosso, Brasil, 1970-1999

This article analyzes the demographic dynamics of the Kamaiura, a people of the Tupi linguistic group, which, together with nine other peoples of the Aruak, Karib, Tupi and Trumai languages, inhabit the Xingu Indigenous Parque, in the northern part of the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The sources of data are medical records and vital statistics from the health program of the Federal University of Sao Paulo at Xingu Park, reported regularly since 1965. The demographic measurements included are: composition by age and sex, gross fertility rates, total fecundity rates, general death rate, and specific death rate by age and sex, proportional mortality by age and sex, and child mortality rates. The study shows that the Kamaiura have been in a process of demographic recovery, showing a growth rate of 3.1% per year between 1970 and 1999. High levels of fecundity have contributed to the expansion of new generations of Kamaiura, guaranteeing the group’s physical survival. Relatively low and stable death rates have resulted from improved health conditions, which foster better survival of children, adolescents, adults and the elderly, assuring greater longevity for the population and maintenance of its social organization.

Fecundidade e saúde reprodutiva das mulheres Suyá (Kisêdjê): aspectos demográficos e culturais

Assim como vem ocorrendo com outros povos indigenas no Brasil, os Suya, povo habitante do Parque Indigena do Xingu (MT), tem vivenciado, desde 1970, um processo de recuperacao demografica. Trabalhos recentes discutem as razoes que levaram a reversao do longo processo de depopulacao vivenciado pelos povos indigenas no Brasil. A suposicao de que o processo de recuperacao populacional dos Suya tenha sido gerado por mudancas socioculturais, com repercussao no seu comportamento reprodutivo, estimulou a realizacao deste estudo, que descreve os seus niveis e padroes da fecundidade entre 1970 e 2007. As bases de dados sao estatisticas vitais continuas e levantamento de campo. A discussao dos resultados apoia-se em informacoes sobre o sistema sociocultural e os conhecimentos tradicionais de saude reprodutiva desse povo indigena.

Indigenous Peoples in Brazil

We know that the occupation of Brazil by paleoindians occurred more than 12,000 years ago. Migratory theories are known from Northeast Asia, using the strip of land called Beringia, which would have arisen as a result of glaciations that dropped sea levels by 50 m, with the migrants initially colonizing Alaska and North America and then taking the rest of the American continent.

Elementary Skin Lesions in Dermatological Medical Examinations

The recognition of elementary skin lesions is the most important part of clinical examinations for skin disease diagnosis and for indicating the best treatment. We present a sample of some important elementary lesions in skin examinations found in most indigenous peoples, according to our observations in fieldwork.

Social Representations of the Body, the Skin, and Related Diseases in Indigenous Thought

The original idea of this book arose from the observation of the high prevalence of skin diseases in the daily routine of health professionals who work for the Primary Health Care in Amazon’s indigenous areas and the absence of adequate support material for these professionals.

Cysts, Benign and Malignant Neoplastic Diseases

As in general population, benign and malignant neoplasms may occur in the indigenous population. Despite the intense, constant and chronic sun exposure in the Xingu Indian Park, the frequency of skin cancer is not increased. Probably, high skin phototype and genetic factors contribute to this low incidence. In this chapter, benign neoplasms are presented such as: seborrheic keratosis, melanocytic nevus, nevus depigmentosus and mucous cyst. Malignant neoplasms include pigmented basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, which can occur in previous skin lesions such as burns and Jorge Lobo disease

Crack-cocaine addiction in an indigenous Brazilian: a case report

has obviously led to manydeaths from undiagnosed and untreated diseases, poison-ing, etc., to be ascribed to alcohol abuse, thus shiftingresponsibility onto the patients.Finally, the methods used for quantitative estimation ofalcohol consumption in some studies are worthy of note.The overall level of alcohol consumption in Russia hasbeen estimated using the indirect method, on the basis ofthe incidence rate of alcohol-related psychoses.

Incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê indigenous people of the Xingu, Central Brazil, from 1999-2000 to 2010-2011

The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999-2000 to 2010-2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression. In 10 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence rates were 37.5% for metabolic syndrome, 47.4% for hypetriglyceridemia, 38.9% for arterial hypertension, 32% for central obesity, 30.4% for excess weight, 29.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 25% for low HDLc, 10.4% for high LDLc, and 2.9% for diabetes mellitus. Age proved to be a risk factor for incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and elevated LDLc, regardless of gender; male gender was a protective factor against incidence of central obesity, independently of age. The study showed deterioration of most target health indicators and exposure of the Khisêdjê to high cardiometabolic risk. These results may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisedje population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999‐2000 to 2010‐2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression. In 10 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence rates were 37.5% for metabolic syndrome, 47.4% for hypetriglyceridemia, 38.9% for arterial hypertension, 32% for central obesity, 30.4% for excess weight, 29.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 25% for low HDLc, 10.4% for high LDLc, and 2.9% for diabetes mellitus. Age proved to be a risk factor for incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and elevated LDLc, regardless of gender; male gender was a protective factor against incidence of central obesity, independently of age. The study showed deterioration of most target health indicators and exposure of the Khisedje to high cardiometabolic risk. These results may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.

Incidência de síndrome metabólica e doenças associadas na população indígena Khisêdjê do Xingu, Brasil Central, no período de 1999-2000 a 2010-2011

The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999-2000 to 2010-2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression. In 10 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence rates were 37.5% for metabolic syndrome, 47.4% for hypetriglyceridemia, 38.9% for arterial hypertension, 32% for central obesity, 30.4% for excess weight, 29.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 25% for low HDLc, 10.4% for high LDLc, and 2.9% for diabetes mellitus. Age proved to be a risk factor for incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and elevated LDLc, regardless of gender; male gender was a protective factor against incidence of central obesity, independently of age. The study showed deterioration of most target health indicators and exposure of the Khisêdjê to high cardiometabolic risk. These results may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisedje population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999‐2000 to 2010‐2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression. In 10 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence rates were 37.5% for metabolic syndrome, 47.4% for hypetriglyceridemia, 38.9% for arterial hypertension, 32% for central obesity, 30.4% for excess weight, 29.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 25% for low HDLc, 10.4% for high LDLc, and 2.9% for diabetes mellitus. Age proved to be a risk factor for incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and elevated LDLc, regardless of gender; male gender was a protective factor against incidence of central obesity, independently of age. The study showed deterioration of most target health indicators and exposure of the Khisedje to high cardiometabolic risk. These results may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.

Incidencia del síndrome metabólico y enfermedades relacionadas en la población indígena Khisêdjê del Xingú, Brasil Central, de 1999-2000 a 2010-2011

The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisêdjê population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999-2000 to 2010-2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression. In 10 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence rates were 37.5% for metabolic syndrome, 47.4% for hypetriglyceridemia, 38.9% for arterial hypertension, 32% for central obesity, 30.4% for excess weight, 29.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 25% for low HDLc, 10.4% for high LDLc, and 2.9% for diabetes mellitus. Age proved to be a risk factor for incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and elevated LDLc, regardless of gender; male gender was a protective factor against incidence of central obesity, independently of age. The study showed deterioration of most target health indicators and exposure of the Khisêdjê to high cardiometabolic risk. These results may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of metabolic syndrome and related diseases in the Khisedje population living in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, from 1999‐2000 to 2010‐2011. The study included 78 individuals aged ≥20 years. Data were analyzed using Student t test, linear regression, and Poisson regression. In 10 years of follow-up, cumulative incidence rates were 37.5% for metabolic syndrome, 47.4% for hypetriglyceridemia, 38.9% for arterial hypertension, 32% for central obesity, 30.4% for excess weight, 29.1% for hypercholesterolemia, 25% for low HDLc, 10.4% for high LDLc, and 2.9% for diabetes mellitus. Age proved to be a risk factor for incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and elevated LDLc, regardless of gender; male gender was a protective factor against incidence of central obesity, independently of age. The study showed deterioration of most target health indicators and exposure of the Khisedje to high cardiometabolic risk. These results may be related to changes in traditional lifestyle.