Solange Beatriz Billig Garces

Avaliação da resiliência do cuidador de idosos com Alzheimer

This observational study of the descriptive case study type aimed to evaluate the resilience of caregivers of demented elderly people with Alzheimer. A questionnaire was used to trace the profile of the caregivers; bipolar protocol to evaluate the fatigue subjective state; the SRQ - Self Report Questionnaire to evaluate the stress; the Zarit inventory to evaluate overload and protocol to evaluate resilience of the six caregivers who participated in this study. Quantitative variables were described as a function of their average and variance. For associations, the Pearson Correlation and the Chi-Square test were used. The significance level adopted was p < 0.05. Results indicated that 83.3% of caregivers were females and 16.7% males, four of which (66.7%) sons and two (33.3%), consorts. It was observed that the health status of four caregivers got worse, going from a regular to a bad state in a five-year period. One (16.7%) caregiver dedicated 20 hours of his time for caring, and for the others (83.3%) the requirement was of 24 hours. Two did not show any possibility of developing disturbances, while four showed possibilities of developing mental disturbances. 66.7% of the caregivers did not show overload, while 33.3% were under intense overload. Even though some demonstrated fatigue and overload, the majority (83.3%) presented a high disposition for resilience. There was significant association between resilience and age (p< 0.05), and this expressed that the older the caregiver the greater the resilience.

Sujeito Idoso na Sociedade Pós-Moderna: Sociabilidades Possíveis

O envelhecimento e um processo presente na sociedade atual e o idoso surge como uma demanda coletiva contemporânea. Este encontra uma sociedade diferente daquela em que nasceu. Os antigos sistemas sociais baseados em estruturas sociais perdem forcas para uma nova organizacao social, nao mais baseada em status e papeis sociais dos seus individuos, mas em funcao de subjetividades, de pensamentos e acoes que os transformem em atores sociais. Sua subjetividade se manifesta, quando este tem a capacidade de nomear, ou seja, quando apresenta narrativas que o emancipem. Buscou-se fundamentacao em Honneth; Touraine; Habermas; Huyssen; Beyme; Aronowitz; Laclau; Mouffe; Bell e Heller. O artigo se alinhava a partir da conceituacao que os teoricos trazem sobre pos-modernidade e as sociabilidades possiveis; do esclarecimento sobre as mudancas demograficas e as principais subordinacoes que o processo de envelhecimento engendra e reflete sobre a subjetividade do idoso e suas acoes culturais e politicas na pos-modernidade.

Malnutrition risk and hospitalization in elderly assisted in Primary Care

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the association of malnutrition risk and single items of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA®) with hospitalization in the last 12 months in the elderly assisted in primary care. A cross-sectional study was conducted with the evaluation of 1229 elderly persons assisted in Family Health Strategies in seven cities of South Brazil. Malnutrition risk was evaluated using the MNA®, and hospitalization was determined by one question of the Probability of Repeated Admission (PRA) instrument. Most of the elderly were women (61.7%), with a mean age of 71.7 ± 7.7 years. The malnutrition risk rate was 23.3% and hospitalization was 32.9%. The frequency of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition was two times greater among the elderly who were hospitalized (36.8 versus 18.6% - P < 0.001). There was a significant association between hospitalization and 11 (64.7%) of the 17 items on the MNA® evaluated (P < 0.05). Of these, seven items were independently associated with hospitalization by multivariate analysis. We observed an association of malnutrition risk and most of the single MNA® items as well, with hospitalization in the elderly assisted in primary care.

Síndrome metabólica e estado nutricional de idosos cadastrados no HiperDia

Aims: To analyze the association of metabolic syndrome and its components with the nutritional status of elderly enrolled in the HiperDia system.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a sample of elderly enrolled in the HiperDia of Central Specialty Unit of Municipal Health Department from Cruz Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, whose records contained the information necessary for the study. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was based on criteria established by the National Cholesterol Education Programs Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and recommended by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology in the I Brazilian Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index, according to the classification of II Guidelines on Geriatric Cardiology of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. In the statistical analysis, the Student t test and the chi-square test were used, with analysis of adjusted residuals.Results: At all 485 seniors met the inclusion criteria and were selected. The sample mean age was 68.9±6.8 years (range 60 to 94 years). Most participants were female (62.5%) had metabolic syndrome (61.2%), and overweight/obesity (59%). When analyzing the association between nutritional status and metabolic syndrome and its components, significant associations of obesity with metabolic syndrome, central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and presence of four/five components of the syndrome (p <0.001) were found. The most common metabolic syndrome component was high blood pressure (81.3%), and the less frequent was hypertriglyceridemia (48.2%). Regarding gender, the frequency of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher among women (p=0.004; 66.3% versus 52.7%).Conclusions: The frequency of metabolic syndrome and its components and its association with nutritional status of elderly enrolled in HiperDia provides evidence that metabolic syndrome and nutritional status should also be monitored through this system.

NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E RISCO DE QUEDAS EM IDOSOS DA COMUNIDADE

A proposta deste estudo foi verificar a associacao entre o risco de quedas de 127 idosos da comunidade e o nivel de atividade fisica. O risco de quedas foi avaliado atraves dos instrumentos Fall Risk Score de Downton , teste Timed Up and Go (TUG) e o Teste de Alcance Funcional (TAF) e o nivel de atividade fisica utilizando o Questionario Internacional de Atividade Fisica ( IPAQ ) versao curta. A maioria dos idosos entrevistados (88,7%) foram classificados como ativos ou muito ativos e sem risco de quedas (TUG 89,8%, TAF 97,6%, Downton 64,5%). A relacao entre o nivel de atividade fisica e risco de quedas atraves dos testes TUG e Downton mostrou-se significativa, estando os idosos mais ativos com menor risco de quedas e todos os instrumentos que avaliaram este risco apresentaram associacao significativa entre si demonstrando que a atividade fisica pode reduzir o risco de quedas, minimizando perdas funcionais do envelhecimento. Descritores: Envelhecimento; Fatores de Risco; Acidentes por Quedas; Estilo de Vida.

CONDIÇÕES DE SAÚDE E PERFIL DE IDOSOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE XV DE NOVEMBRO – RS

O objetivo foi conhecer o perfil e as condicoes de saude dos idosos do municipio de XV de Novembro-RS. Realizou-se estudo observacional descritivo. A amostra envolveu 10% dos idosos do municipio que frequentam as Unidades Basicas de Saude, atraves do programa ESF. Participaram 71 idosos (34 masculino; 37 feminino). Utilizou-se questionario de Boult el al.(1994), adaptado por Veras. Os resultados indicaram que ha grande percentual de idosos casados, vivendo em casa propria, com ensino fundamental incompleto. A principal profissao era agricultura. A faixa etaria prevalente foi dos 60 aos 79 anos e com reduzido numero de filhos. A percepcao de saude foi boa, sendo que a maioria nao precisou de internacao hospitalar nenhuma vez e realizaram de duas a tres consultas (ultimo ano). As cirurgias mais frequentes foram histerectomia, colecistectomia e apendicectomia e a doenca mais prevalente foi a hipertensao. Dentre as neoplasias prevaleceu o câncer de pele.

RISCO NUTRICIONAL DE IDOSOS PORTADORES DO MAL DE ALZHEIMER

A Doenca de Alzheimer (DA) e a causa mais comum das demencias relacionadas ao envelhecimento. A perda de apetite e de peso sao sintomas que interferem negativamente em seu prognostico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, atraves da Mini avaliacao nutricional (MAN), o estado nutricional de idosos portadores de DA participantes do projeto de “Diagnostico e Reabilitacao Social de Idosos com DA” desenvolvido pelo Grupo Interdisciplinar de Estudos do Envelhecimento Humano (GIEEH) da Universidade de Cruz Alta (UNICRUZ). Dos idosos avaliados, 66,7% eram mulheres (n=4) e 33,3% homens (n=2). A media de idade foi de 77 anos (±10,6), variando entre 67 e 90 anos. O Indice de Massa Corporea (IMC) medio foi de 23,3Kg/m2 (±5,52), considerado normal para idosos. Na triagem de risco nutricional 2 idosos (33,3%) nao apresentaram risco inicial de desnutricao e, ao se concluir a avaliacao global, 50% (n=3) encontravam-se com risco de desnutricao, 33,3% estavam desnutridos (n=2) e 16,7%, eutroficos (n=1). Apesar de o IMC ter evidenciado uma maior prevalencia de eutrofia, vale ressaltar que os resultados demonstrados pela MAN indicam um alto grau de desnutricao e risco nutricional, apontando para a necessidade de maiores intervencoes na saude destes idosos.