Solange N. Alves de Souza

Polyaniline Based Acrylic Blends for Iron Corrosion Protection

Instituto de Qui´mica, Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, 05513-970 Sa˜o Paulo, BrazilCoating strategies for corrosion protection considering intrinsically electronic conducting polymers have become important mainlybecause of restrictions on the use of heavy metals due to their environmental problems. This work presents the electrochemicalbehavior of an acrylic blend formed by sulfonate-doped polyaniline and poly~methyl methacrylate! used for corrosion protectionof iron in chloride solutions. The results would indicate that these blends have a dual protection mechanism; forming a passivatingcomplex with the dopant anion ~camphorsulfonate! and simultaneously acting as a physical barrier to avoid chloride anionpenetration.© 2001 The Electrochemical Society. @DOI: 10.1149/1.1381288# All rights reserved.Manuscript submitted October 28, 2000; revised manuscript received April 20, 2001. Available electronically June 15, 2001.

Analytical procedures for determining Pb and Sr isotopic compositions in water samples by ID-TIMS

Few articles deal with lead and strontium isotopic analysis of water samples. The aim of this study was to define the chemical procedures for Pb and Sr isotopic analyses of groundwater samples from an urban sedimentary aquifer. Thirty lead and fourteen strontium isotopic analyses were performed to test different analytical procedures. Pb and Sr isotopic ratios as well as Sr concentration did not vary using different chemical procedures. However, the Pb concentrations were very dependent on the different procedures. Therefore, the choice of the best analytical procedure was based on the Pb results, which indicated a higher reproducibility from samples that had been filtered and acidified before the evaporation, had their residues totally dissolved, and were purified by ion chromatography using the Biorad® column. Our results showed no changes in Pb ratios with the storage time.

In situ Sr isotope analyses by LA-MC-ICP-MS of igneous apatite and plagioclase from magmatic rocks at the CPGeo-USP

This contribution describes the successful implementation of in situ Sr isotope analyses by LA-MC-ICP-MS at the CPGeo-USP. The choice for an analytical configuration using measurements of half-masses allows the accurate assessment of lanthanide interferences, permitting the determination of Sr isotopes in important REE-rich accessory phases, such as apatite. Likewise, the on-peak-zero method effectively corrects the background contribution (both from Kr and residual Sr contributions from previous ablations) to the signals of the unknown samples. The analytical campaigns resulted in an accuracy, in respect to reference TIMS values, better than 57 ppm (~ ±0.000057 2σ SD) for a modern coral and the Batjberg clinopyroxene which impart significant quality to our data. Similarly, the majority of the stable Sr isotope ratios are close to the accepted values, which also confirms the effectiveness of the method. The achieved accuracy allows the identification and investigation of spatially-controlled isotopic heterogeneities on the micrometric scale in several Sr-rich minerals (apatite, carbonates, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene) with important implications to the understanding of relevant geochemical processes, particularly AFC, source geochemical heterogeneities and magma-mixing.

A Methodology to Use Market Simulation Software in the Teaching of Business Management

This work aims at presenting and analyzing the use of Enterprise Resource Planning Simulation Game software as a success case of the application of the Problem-Based Learning strategy classes in business management. Problem-Based Learning is a strategy focused on the process of self - learning through problem solving. The ERP Simulation Game is a simulation software market, developed by HEC Montreal. To achieve the desired educational goals, it was necessary to define a methodology for me - use software, which include all the essential characteristics of Problem-Based Learning. It was observed during the application of the methodology to use software that increases the level of involvement and pursuit of knowledge by students, motivated by competition that the software provides.

Graphic Logical Desing for ORDB

This paper presents a model to graphic logical design to Object Relational Database (ORDB). The model proposed allowed mapping from UML class diagram (conceptual model) to elements of an ORDB. It is possible to create a graphic logical model to ORDB. Since versions 1999 ORDBs had presented new elements that can be used for represent objects application in databases. However is necessary to have a model to represent a conceptual model in the object-relational logic model. The model here proposed is based on the other previews works and the differences are discussed. This article introduces an extension made in ArgoUML tool that permits developer to build graphic logical schemas to ORDBs. The professionals can use this tool in your projects. We intend that ORDB can effectively be used in corporates.

PROJECT TO INCORPORATE DATA BASE OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONINFORMATION SYSTEMAS: A FORMAL PROCESS

In the last 10 years the number of multiple banks in operation at the National Financial System, has reduced about 30%. The process of incorporate a financial institution by another one. Taking into consideration that the controls of actives and passives of a financial institution are in information systems, when one bank is incorporated by another the data into information systems of the first bank are migrated to information systems to the second. This work, has as objective the definition of a formal method to be used to incorporate financial institutions. The proposed method is based in two incorporation projects that occur in 2002 and 2004, involving institutions with medium and big sized in financial area.

A Tool for Query Formulation based on Entities and Roles

In order to formulate valid queries on a relational database, one must be fluent in SQL (Structured Query Language), the concepts that it involves (entities, relationships, attributes) and the data schema describing the elements of the domain. However, casual users are not familiar with query languages and database structures, but would like to access data in a more user friendly way. The goal of this paper is to present a query formulation tool that allows casual users to easily build a query using an almost natural language, on a step by step basis, guided by the tool.