Soroj Kumar Chatterjee

Antibacterial potentiality of Argemone mexicana solvent extracts against some pathogenic bacteria

The sensitivity of two Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and two Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) pathogenic multi-drug resistant bacteria was tested against the crude extracts (cold aqueous, hot aqueous, and methanol extracts) of leaves and seeds of Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae) by agar well diffusion method. Though all the extracts were found effective, yet the methanol extract showed maximum inhibition against the test microorganisms followed by hot aqueous extract and cold aqueous extract.

Isolation and identification of bioactive antibacterial components in leaf extracts of Vangueria spinosa(Rubiaceae)

OBJECTIVE The column chromatographic fraction of ethyl acetate (EA1, EA2, EA3, EA4 and EA5) leaf extracts of Vangueria spinosa (V. spinosa) were screened for antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis. METHODS EA3 fraction was isolated and identified by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, spectral data analysis and phytochemical screening were used for analysis. RESULTS EA3 fraction was significantly active at 4 to 64 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.5625 to 3.1250 mg/mL. The active fraction (EA3) revealed the presence of flavonoid with retention factor value (R(f)) of 0.39. The active antibacterial agent in the most potent fraction (EA3) was isolated and identified as flavonoid (-)-epicatechin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and phytochemical screening. EA1 and EA2 show inhibitory activity at 4 to 64 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus only where as fraction EA4 and EA5 do not shows any inhibitory activity within that range of concentration against any bacteria. CONCLUSIONS The results support the ethnomedicinal use of leaf of V. spinosa for the treatment of bacterial diseases.

Isolation and identification of antibacterial components in seed extracts of Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae)

Abstract Objective The column chromatographic fractions of chloroform (CH1, CH2, CH3) seed extracts of Argemone mexicana (A. mexicana) were screened for antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis. Methods CH3 fraction was isolated and identified by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, spectral data analysis and phytochemical screening were used for analysis. Results CH3 fraction was significantly active at 4 to 64 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.5625 to 3.125 mg/mL. The active fraction (CH3) revealed presence of alkaloid with retention factor value of 0.44. The active antibacterial agent in the most potent fraction (CH3) was isolated and identified as N-demethyloxysanguinarine by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and phytochemical screening. The CH1 and CH2 fractions did not show inhibitory activity. Conclusions The results support the ethnomedicinal use of seeds of A. mexicana for treatment of bacterial diseases.

Antibacterial potentiality and phytochemical analysis of mature leaves of Polyalthia longifolia (Magnoliales: Annonaceae)

The present study evaluated the antibacterial potentiality of hot aqueous and methanol solvent extract of mature leaves of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites (Magnoliales: Annonaceae) against six reference bacteria viz. Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 2940, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441, Escherichia coli MTCC 739, Klebsiella pneumoniae MTCC 530, Proteus vulgaris MTCC 426 and Enterobacter aerogenes MTCC 111. A sensitivity test performed with commercially available sensitivity test disks resulted in the appearance of multiple drug resistance phenotypes as all the tested bacteria are resistant to amoxycillin, cloxacillin, penicillin G and ampicillin. Most effective antibiotic against bacteria includes ofloxacin against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae; cephalexin against P. vulgaris; ciprofloxacin against E. coli and B. subtilis; kanamycin against E. aerogenes. When antibacterial potentiality of hot aqueous and methanol solvent extract of mature leaves of P. longifolia was evaluated against the bacteria, highest antibacterial activity was observed against K. pneumoniae in both the extracts followed by E. coli in hot aqueous extract and B. subtilis in methanol extract as evident from MIC values. Chromatographic analysis of the methanol extract of P. longifolia revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, biterpenoids, carbohydrates, amino acids, essential oil, phenolics and flavonoids as major phytochemicals.

Antibacterial activities of some plant extracts used in Indian traditional folk medicine

Objective To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the leaf extracts of Cestrum diurnum , Ocimum sanctum , Carcica papaya, Solanum villosum , Vitex negundo , and Clerodendron inerme against two gram positive bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 2940 and Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441) and two gram negative bacteria ( Escherichia coli MTCC 739 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 2453). Methods The sensitivity of two gram positive and two gram negative pathogenic multi-drug resistant bacteria to extracts of leaves of six medicinal plants used as popular medicine in India was studied in vitro by the disk diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results All the bacterial strains were found to be sensitive to aqueous, n-hexane and ethanol extracts. But, it is evident that the organic extracts were comparatively more effective than aqueous extracts. Conclusions It can be concluded that the leaf extracts of the six medicinal plants possess antibacterial activity against human pathogens.

n-alkane profile of Argemone mexicana leaves.

An n-hexane extract of fresh, mature leaves of Argemone mexicana (Papaveraceae), containing thin-layer epicuticular waxes, has been analysed for the first time by TLC, IR and GLC using standard hydrocarbons. Seventeen long-chain alkanes (n-C18 to n-C34) were identified and quantified. Nonacosane (n-C29) was established as the n-alkane with the highest amount, whilst octadecane (n-C18) was the least abundant component of the extracted wax fraction. The carbon preference index (CPI) calculated for the hydrocarbon sample with the chain lengths between C18 and C34 was 1.2469, showing an odd to even carbon number predominance.